r r r
Whatnstatementnisntrue nregardingndecisionnmaking?
A) Itnisrannanalysisnof nansituation
B) Itnisncloselynrelatedntonevaluation
C) Itrinvolvesnchoosingnbetweenncoursesnofnaction
D) Itnisndependentnuponnfindingnthe ncause nofnanproblemn-
Ans:nCnFeedback:
r
Decisionnmakingnisnancomplex ncognitive nprocessnoftenndefinednasnchoosingnanparticularn
course rof naction.nProblemnsolvingnisrpartnof ndecisionnmakingrandnisnansystematicnprocessn
thatnfocusesronnanalyzingnandifficultnsituation.nCriticalnthinking,nsometimesrreferredntonasn
reflective rthinking,nisnrelatedntorevaluationnandnhasranbroadernscoperthanndecisionnmak
ingrandnproblemnsolving.
Whatnisnanweaknessnof nthe ntraditionalnproblem-solvingnmodel?
A) Itsnneednfornimplementationntime
B) Itsnlacknofnanstepnrequiringnevaluationnof nresults
C) Itsnfailure ntongathernsufficientndata
D) Itsnfailure ntonevaluate nalternativesn-
n Ans:nAnFeedback:
The ntraditionalnproblem-
solvingnmodelnisnlessneffective nwhenntimenconstraintsnare nanconsideration.nDecisionnmak
ingncannoccurnwithoutnthenfullnanalysisnrequiredninnproblemnsolving.nBecause nproblemnso
lvingnattemptsntonidentifynthenrootnproblemninnsituations,nmuchntimenandnenergynarensp
entnonnidentifyingnthe nrealnproblem.
Whichnof nthe nfollowingnstatementsrisntrue nregardingndecisionnmaking?
A) Scientificrmethodsnprovidenidenticalndecisionsnbyndifferentnindividualsnfornthe
n same nproblems
,B) Decisionsnare ngreatlyninfluencednbyneachnperson'snvalue nsystem
C) Personalnbeliefsncannbenadjustednfornwhennthenscientificrapproachntonproblem
n solvingnisnused
D) Pastnexperience nhasnlittle ntondonwithnthe nqualitynofnthe ndecisionn-
Ans:nBnFeedback:
r
Values,nlife nexperience,nindividualnpreference,nandnindividualnwaysnof nthinkingnwillninflu
ence nanperson'srdecisionnmaking.nNonmatternhownobjective nthencriterianwillnbe,nvalue njud
gmentsnwillnalwaysnplaynanpartninnanperson'sndecisionnmaking,neithernconsciouslynornsub
consciously.
Whatninfluencesnthe nqualitynofnandecisionnmostroften?
A) The ndecisionnmaker'snimmediate nsuperior
B) The ntype nof ndecisionnthatnneedsntorbe nmade
C) Questionsnaskednandnalternativesngenerated
D) The ntime rof ndaynthe ndecisionnisnmade n-
n Ans:nCnFeedback:
The ngreaternthe nnumbernofnalternativesnthatncannbe ngeneratednbynthendecisionnmaker,nthe
n betternthe nfinalndecisionnwillnbe.nThe nalternativesngeneratednandntherfinalnchoicesrare nli
mitednbyneachnperson'snvalue nsystem.
Whatndoesrknowledge naboutngoodndecisionnmakingnleadnone ntonbelieve?
A) Goodndecisionnmakersnare nusuallynright-brain,nintuitive nthinkers
B) Effective ndecisionnmakersnare rsensitive ntonthe nsituationnandntorothers
C) Goodndecisionsnare nusuallynmade nbynleft-brain,nlogicalnthinkers
D) Goodndecisionnmakingnrequiresranalyticalnrathernthanncreative rprocessesn-
n Ans:nBnFeedback:
Goodndecisionnmakersnseemntonhave rantennae rthatnmakerthemnparticularlynsensitivento
n othernpeople nandnsituations.nLeft-
brainnthinkersnare ntypicallynbetternatnprocessingnlanguage,nlogic,nnumbers,nandnsequenti
alnordering,nwhereasnright-brainnthinkersnexcelnat
,nonverbalnideationnandnholisticnsynthesizing.
Whatnisnthe nbestrdefinitionnofndecisionnmaking?
A) The nplanningnprocessnofnmanagement
B) The nevaluationnphase nofnthe nexecutive nrole
C) One nstepninnthe nproblem-solvingnprocess
D) Requiredntonjustifynthe nneednfornscarce nitemsr-
Ans:nCnFeedback:
n
Decisionnmakingnisnancomplex,ncognitivenprocessroftenndefinednasnchoosingranparticularnc
ourse nofnaction.nDecisionnmaking,none nstepninnthe nproblem-
solvingnprocess,nisnannimportantntasknthatnreliesrheavilynonncriticalnthinkingnandnclinicaln
reasoningrskills.
Ifndecisionnmakingnisrtriggerednbynanproblemnwithnwhatndoesnitnend?
A) Annalternative rproblem
B) Archosenncourse nofnaction
C) Annactionnthatnguaranteesnsuccess
D) Arrestatementnof nthe nsolutionn-
Ans:nBnFeedback:
n
Ardecisionnisrmaderwhennancoursenofnactionnhasnbeennchosen.nProblemnsolvingnisnpartrofnd
ecisionnmakingnandnisnansystematicnprocessnthatnfocusesnonnanalyzingnandifficultnsituatio
n.nProblemnsolvingnalwaysnincludesnandecision-makingnstep.
Whyndonournvaluesnoftenncause npersonalnconflictninndecisionnmaking?
A) Some rvaluesrare nnotnrealisticnornhealthy
B) Notnallnvaluesnare nof nequalnworth
C) Ournvaluesnremainnunchangednoverntime
D) Ournvaluesnoftenncollide nwithnone nanothern-
Ans:nDnFeedback:
n
Values,nlife nexperience, nindividualnpreference, nandnindividualnwaysnofnthinkingnwill
, influence nanperson'srdecisionnmaking.nNonmatternhownobjective nthencriterianwillnbe,nvalue
n judgmentsnwillnalwaysnplaynanpartninnanperson'sndecisionnmaking,neithernconsciouslynorn
subconsciously.
Whichnstatementnisntrue nconcerningncriticalnthinking?
A) Itnisransimple napproachntordecisionnmaking
B) Itrisnnarrowerninnscope nthanndecisionnmaking
C) Itnrequiresnreasoningnandncreative nanalysis
D) Itrisnansynonymnfornthe nproblem-solvingnprocessr-
Ans:nCnFeedback:
r
Criticalnthinkingnhasnanbroadernscope nthanndecisionnmakingnandnproblemnsolving.nItnisns
ometimesnreferredntonasnreflectiventhinking.nCriticalnthinkingnalsoninvolvesnreflectingnup
onnthe nmeaningnofnstatements,nexaminingnthenofferednevidence nandnreasoning,nandnfor
mingnjudgmentsnaboutnfacts.
Howndonadministrative nmannmanagersnmake nthe nmajoritynof ntheirndecisions?
A) Afterngatheringnallnthe nfacts
B) Innanmannerngoodnenoughntonsolve nthe rproblem
C) Innanrational,nlogicalnmanner
D) Afterngeneratingrallnthe nalternativesrpossible n-
n Ans:nBnFeedback:
Manynmanagersnmake rdecisionsnthatnarenjustnìgoodnenoughînbecausenofnlacknof ntime,n
energy,norncreativityntongeneratenannumbernofnalternatives.nThisnisnalsoncallednìsatisfici
ng.înMostnpeople nmakendecisionsntoonquicklynandnfailntorsystematicallynexaminenanprobl
emnornitsralternativesrfornsolution.
Whatnneedsntonbe nconsideredninnevaluatingnthe nqualitynofnone'sndecisions?
A) Isrevaluationnnecessarynwhennusingnangoodndecision-makingnmodel?
B) Cannevaluationnbe neliminatednifnthe nproblemnisnresolved?
Whatnstatementnisntrue nregardingndecisionnmaking?
A) Itnisrannanalysisnof nansituation
B) Itnisncloselynrelatedntonevaluation
C) Itrinvolvesnchoosingnbetweenncoursesnofnaction
D) Itnisndependentnuponnfindingnthe ncause nofnanproblemn-
Ans:nCnFeedback:
r
Decisionnmakingnisnancomplex ncognitive nprocessnoftenndefinednasnchoosingnanparticularn
course rof naction.nProblemnsolvingnisrpartnof ndecisionnmakingrandnisnansystematicnprocessn
thatnfocusesronnanalyzingnandifficultnsituation.nCriticalnthinking,nsometimesrreferredntonasn
reflective rthinking,nisnrelatedntorevaluationnandnhasranbroadernscoperthanndecisionnmak
ingrandnproblemnsolving.
Whatnisnanweaknessnof nthe ntraditionalnproblem-solvingnmodel?
A) Itsnneednfornimplementationntime
B) Itsnlacknofnanstepnrequiringnevaluationnof nresults
C) Itsnfailure ntongathernsufficientndata
D) Itsnfailure ntonevaluate nalternativesn-
n Ans:nAnFeedback:
The ntraditionalnproblem-
solvingnmodelnisnlessneffective nwhenntimenconstraintsnare nanconsideration.nDecisionnmak
ingncannoccurnwithoutnthenfullnanalysisnrequiredninnproblemnsolving.nBecause nproblemnso
lvingnattemptsntonidentifynthenrootnproblemninnsituations,nmuchntimenandnenergynarensp
entnonnidentifyingnthe nrealnproblem.
Whichnof nthe nfollowingnstatementsrisntrue nregardingndecisionnmaking?
A) Scientificrmethodsnprovidenidenticalndecisionsnbyndifferentnindividualsnfornthe
n same nproblems
,B) Decisionsnare ngreatlyninfluencednbyneachnperson'snvalue nsystem
C) Personalnbeliefsncannbenadjustednfornwhennthenscientificrapproachntonproblem
n solvingnisnused
D) Pastnexperience nhasnlittle ntondonwithnthe nqualitynofnthe ndecisionn-
Ans:nBnFeedback:
r
Values,nlife nexperience,nindividualnpreference,nandnindividualnwaysnof nthinkingnwillninflu
ence nanperson'srdecisionnmaking.nNonmatternhownobjective nthencriterianwillnbe,nvalue njud
gmentsnwillnalwaysnplaynanpartninnanperson'sndecisionnmaking,neithernconsciouslynornsub
consciously.
Whatninfluencesnthe nqualitynofnandecisionnmostroften?
A) The ndecisionnmaker'snimmediate nsuperior
B) The ntype nof ndecisionnthatnneedsntorbe nmade
C) Questionsnaskednandnalternativesngenerated
D) The ntime rof ndaynthe ndecisionnisnmade n-
n Ans:nCnFeedback:
The ngreaternthe nnumbernofnalternativesnthatncannbe ngeneratednbynthendecisionnmaker,nthe
n betternthe nfinalndecisionnwillnbe.nThe nalternativesngeneratednandntherfinalnchoicesrare nli
mitednbyneachnperson'snvalue nsystem.
Whatndoesrknowledge naboutngoodndecisionnmakingnleadnone ntonbelieve?
A) Goodndecisionnmakersnare nusuallynright-brain,nintuitive nthinkers
B) Effective ndecisionnmakersnare rsensitive ntonthe nsituationnandntorothers
C) Goodndecisionsnare nusuallynmade nbynleft-brain,nlogicalnthinkers
D) Goodndecisionnmakingnrequiresranalyticalnrathernthanncreative rprocessesn-
n Ans:nBnFeedback:
Goodndecisionnmakersnseemntonhave rantennae rthatnmakerthemnparticularlynsensitivento
n othernpeople nandnsituations.nLeft-
brainnthinkersnare ntypicallynbetternatnprocessingnlanguage,nlogic,nnumbers,nandnsequenti
alnordering,nwhereasnright-brainnthinkersnexcelnat
,nonverbalnideationnandnholisticnsynthesizing.
Whatnisnthe nbestrdefinitionnofndecisionnmaking?
A) The nplanningnprocessnofnmanagement
B) The nevaluationnphase nofnthe nexecutive nrole
C) One nstepninnthe nproblem-solvingnprocess
D) Requiredntonjustifynthe nneednfornscarce nitemsr-
Ans:nCnFeedback:
n
Decisionnmakingnisnancomplex,ncognitivenprocessroftenndefinednasnchoosingranparticularnc
ourse nofnaction.nDecisionnmaking,none nstepninnthe nproblem-
solvingnprocess,nisnannimportantntasknthatnreliesrheavilynonncriticalnthinkingnandnclinicaln
reasoningrskills.
Ifndecisionnmakingnisrtriggerednbynanproblemnwithnwhatndoesnitnend?
A) Annalternative rproblem
B) Archosenncourse nofnaction
C) Annactionnthatnguaranteesnsuccess
D) Arrestatementnof nthe nsolutionn-
Ans:nBnFeedback:
n
Ardecisionnisrmaderwhennancoursenofnactionnhasnbeennchosen.nProblemnsolvingnisnpartrofnd
ecisionnmakingnandnisnansystematicnprocessnthatnfocusesnonnanalyzingnandifficultnsituatio
n.nProblemnsolvingnalwaysnincludesnandecision-makingnstep.
Whyndonournvaluesnoftenncause npersonalnconflictninndecisionnmaking?
A) Some rvaluesrare nnotnrealisticnornhealthy
B) Notnallnvaluesnare nof nequalnworth
C) Ournvaluesnremainnunchangednoverntime
D) Ournvaluesnoftenncollide nwithnone nanothern-
Ans:nDnFeedback:
n
Values,nlife nexperience, nindividualnpreference, nandnindividualnwaysnofnthinkingnwill
, influence nanperson'srdecisionnmaking.nNonmatternhownobjective nthencriterianwillnbe,nvalue
n judgmentsnwillnalwaysnplaynanpartninnanperson'sndecisionnmaking,neithernconsciouslynorn
subconsciously.
Whichnstatementnisntrue nconcerningncriticalnthinking?
A) Itnisransimple napproachntordecisionnmaking
B) Itrisnnarrowerninnscope nthanndecisionnmaking
C) Itnrequiresnreasoningnandncreative nanalysis
D) Itrisnansynonymnfornthe nproblem-solvingnprocessr-
Ans:nCnFeedback:
r
Criticalnthinkingnhasnanbroadernscope nthanndecisionnmakingnandnproblemnsolving.nItnisns
ometimesnreferredntonasnreflectiventhinking.nCriticalnthinkingnalsoninvolvesnreflectingnup
onnthe nmeaningnofnstatements,nexaminingnthenofferednevidence nandnreasoning,nandnfor
mingnjudgmentsnaboutnfacts.
Howndonadministrative nmannmanagersnmake nthe nmajoritynof ntheirndecisions?
A) Afterngatheringnallnthe nfacts
B) Innanmannerngoodnenoughntonsolve nthe rproblem
C) Innanrational,nlogicalnmanner
D) Afterngeneratingrallnthe nalternativesrpossible n-
n Ans:nBnFeedback:
Manynmanagersnmake rdecisionsnthatnarenjustnìgoodnenoughînbecausenofnlacknof ntime,n
energy,norncreativityntongeneratenannumbernofnalternatives.nThisnisnalsoncallednìsatisfici
ng.înMostnpeople nmakendecisionsntoonquicklynandnfailntorsystematicallynexaminenanprobl
emnornitsralternativesrfornsolution.
Whatnneedsntonbe nconsideredninnevaluatingnthe nqualitynofnone'sndecisions?
A) Isrevaluationnnecessarynwhennusingnangoodndecision-makingnmodel?
B) Cannevaluationnbe neliminatednifnthe nproblemnisnresolved?
