PALS Updated FINAL EXAM
1. A 12-year-old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit
displays the following ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which
arrhythmia?: second degree
2. Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3
days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would
the provider use to determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?: Lactate
3. A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds,
bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The
provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition?:
Respiratory failure
4. A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the
parents. Assessment reveals that the child has only gasping respirations
and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider
initiate first?: Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds.
5. A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-up visit after
being diagnosed with Lyme disease 2 months ago. A rhythm strip is obtained
as shown below. The provider interprets this rhythm as indicating which
arrhythmia?: First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
6. A child in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation
but is exhibiting signs of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The PALS
resuscitation team determines that the child is experiencing a systemic
response to ischemia/reperfusion. The team bases this determination on
which finding(s)?: Hypotension
Fever
Hyperglycemia
7. A 2-year-old child arrives at the emergency department with the parents.
The child is unresponsive, is not breathing and has no pulse. Two emergency
department providers begin high-quality CPR. Which action(s) by the
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, PALS Updated FINAL EXAM
providers demonstrates high-quality CPR?: Allowing the chest to recoil fully
after each compression
Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each
Compressing the chest about 2 inches
Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions
8. A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child
experiencing cardiac arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be
appropriate?: VF and pVT are shockable cardiac arrest rhythms.
9. A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement
correctly describes hypotension and shock?: Hypotension is not a consistent
feature of shock;
10. A provider is caring for a 4-year-old child in the urgent care clinic.
Primary assessment reveals difficulty breathing and an oxygen saturation of
91%. The provider administers oxygen by nasal cannula with the goal of
improving the child's oxygen saturation above what percentage?:
Supplemental oxygen should be administered as needed to maintain an oxygen
saturation above 94%.
11. An 11-year-old soccer player is brought to the emergency department.
After a quick assessment, the team realizes this patient is experiencing a
severe asthma exacerbation. Which medication would the team administer
first?: Albuterol plus ipratropium bromid
12. A child in the pediatric step-down unit is exhibiting signs of respiratory
distress. When assessing this child, which circulation finding might be
present?: Pallor is a circulation finding that may be seen in patients with respiratory
distress.
13. A healthcare provider is performing a primary assessment of a child in
respiratory distress. The provider documents increased work of breathing
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1. A 12-year-old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit
displays the following ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which
arrhythmia?: second degree
2. Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3
days and is diaphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would
the provider use to determine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?: Lactate
3. A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds,
bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The
provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition?:
Respiratory failure
4. A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the
parents. Assessment reveals that the child has only gasping respirations
and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the provider
initiate first?: Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 3 to 5 seconds.
5. A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-up visit after
being diagnosed with Lyme disease 2 months ago. A rhythm strip is obtained
as shown below. The provider interprets this rhythm as indicating which
arrhythmia?: First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
6. A child in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation
but is exhibiting signs of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The PALS
resuscitation team determines that the child is experiencing a systemic
response to ischemia/reperfusion. The team bases this determination on
which finding(s)?: Hypotension
Fever
Hyperglycemia
7. A 2-year-old child arrives at the emergency department with the parents.
The child is unresponsive, is not breathing and has no pulse. Two emergency
department providers begin high-quality CPR. Which action(s) by the
1/7
, PALS Updated FINAL EXAM
providers demonstrates high-quality CPR?: Allowing the chest to recoil fully
after each compression
Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each
Compressing the chest about 2 inches
Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions
8. A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child
experiencing cardiac arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be
appropriate?: VF and pVT are shockable cardiac arrest rhythms.
9. A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement
correctly describes hypotension and shock?: Hypotension is not a consistent
feature of shock;
10. A provider is caring for a 4-year-old child in the urgent care clinic.
Primary assessment reveals difficulty breathing and an oxygen saturation of
91%. The provider administers oxygen by nasal cannula with the goal of
improving the child's oxygen saturation above what percentage?:
Supplemental oxygen should be administered as needed to maintain an oxygen
saturation above 94%.
11. An 11-year-old soccer player is brought to the emergency department.
After a quick assessment, the team realizes this patient is experiencing a
severe asthma exacerbation. Which medication would the team administer
first?: Albuterol plus ipratropium bromid
12. A child in the pediatric step-down unit is exhibiting signs of respiratory
distress. When assessing this child, which circulation finding might be
present?: Pallor is a circulation finding that may be seen in patients with respiratory
distress.
13. A healthcare provider is performing a primary assessment of a child in
respiratory distress. The provider documents increased work of breathing
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