Chapter 1, Introduction to Nursing
m m m m
Anmoncologymnursem withm15myearsmofmexperience,mcertificationminmthemareamofmoncologymnursing,mandmammaster’smdeg
reemismconsideredmtombemanmexpertminmhermareamofmpracticemandm worksmonmanmoncologymunitminmamlargemteachingmhos
pital.mBasedmuponmthismdescription,mwhichmofmthemfollowingmcareermrolesmbestmdescribesmthismnurse’smrole,mtakingmint
omaccountmher
1. qualificationsmandmexperience?
A) Clinicalmnursemspecialist
B) Nursementrepreneur
C) Nursempractitioner
D) Nursemeducator
Ans:m m A
Feedback:
Amclinicalmnursemspecialistmismamnursemwithmanmadvancedm degree,meducation,mormexperiencemwhomismconsideredmtombe
m anm expertm inm am specializedm aream ofm nursing.m Them clinicalm nursem specialistm carriesm outm directm patientm care;m consultati
on;mteachingmofmpatients,mfamilies,mandmstaff;mandmresearch.mAmnursempractitionermhasmanmadvancedmdegreemandmwork
sminmamvarietymofmsettingsmtomdelivermprimarymcare.mAmnursemeducatormusuallymhasmanmadvancedmdegreemandmteachesmi
nmthemeducationalmormclinicalm setting.mAmnursementrepreneurm maym managemamclinicmormhealth-relatedmbusiness.
Whatmguidelinesmdomnursesmfollowmtomidentifymthempatient’smhealthmcaremneedsmandmstrengths,mtomestablishmandmcarrymoutma
2. planmofmcaremtom meetmthosemneeds,mandmtomevaluatemthemeffectivenessmofmthemplanmtommeetmestablishedmoutcomes?
A) Nursingmprocess
B) ANAmStandardsmofmProfessionalm Performance
C) Evidence-basedmpracticemguidelines
D) NursemPracticemActs
Ans:m m A
Feedback:
Themnursingmprocessmismonemofmthemmajormguidelinesmformnursingmpractice.mNursesmimplementmtheirmrolesmthroughmth
emnursingmprocess.mThemnursingm processmismusedmbymthemnursemtomidentifymthempatient’smhealthmcaremneedsmandmstren
gths,mtomestablishm andmcarrymoutmamplanmofmcaremtommeetmthosemneeds,mandmtomevaluatemthemeffectivenessmofmthempla
nmtommeetmestablishedmoutcomes.
Whichmofmthemfollowingmorganizationsmismthembestmsourcemofminformationmwhenmamnursem wishesmtomdeterminemwhetherman
3. actionmismwithinmthemscopemofmnursingmpractice?
A) AmericanmNursesmAssociationm(ANA)
B) AmericanmAssociationmofmCollegesminmNursingm(AACN)
C) NationalmLeaguemformNursingm(NLN)
D) InternationalmCouncilmofmNursesm (ICN)
Ans:m m A
Feedback:
ThemANAmproducesmthem2003mNursing:mScopemandmStandardsmofmPractice,mwhichmdefinesmthemactivitiesmspecificmand
m uniquem tom nursing.m Them AACN m addressesm educationalm standards, m whilem them NLNm promotesm andm fostersm variousm asp
ectsmofmnursing.
, ThemICNmprovidesmamvenuemformnationalmnursingmorganizationsmtomcollaborate,mbutmdoesmnotmdefinemstandardsmandmsc
opemofmpractice.
4. Whomismconsideredmtombemthemfoundermofmprofessionalmnursing?
A) DorotheamDix
B) LillianmWald
C) FlorencemNightingale
D) ClaramBarton
Ans:m m C
Feedback:
FlorencemNightingalemismconsideredmtombemthemfoundermofmprofessionalmnursing.mShemelevatedmthemstatusmofmnursingmt
omamrespectedmoccupation,mimprovedmthemqualitymofmnursingmcare,mandmfoundedm modernm nursingmeducation.mAlthough
m them otherm choicesm arem women m whom werem importantmtom them development m ofm nursing,m nonem ofm themm ism consideredm th
emfounder.
5. WhichmofmthemfollowingmnursingmpioneersmestablishedmthemRedmCrossminmthemUnitedmStatesminm1882?
A) FlorencemNightingale
B) ClaramBarton
C) DorotheamDix
D) JanemAddams
Ans:m m B
Feedback:
ClaramBartonmvolunteeredmtomcaremformwoundsmandmfeedmunionmsoldiersmduringmthemcivilmwar,mservedmasmthemsupervis
ormofmnursesmformthemArmymofmthemJames,morganizedmhospitalsmandmnurses,mandmestablishedmthemRedmCrossminmthemU
nitedmStatesminm1882.
AmnursempractitionermismcaringmformamcouplemwhomaremthemparentsmofmanminfantmdiagnosedmwithmDownmSyndrome.mThemnurse
6. makesmreferralsmformamparentmsupportmgroupmformthemfamily.mThismismanmexamplemofmwhichmnursingmrole?
A) Teacher/Educator
B) Leader
C) Counselor
D) Collaborator
Ans:m m C
Feedback:
Counselingmskillsminvolvemthemusemofmtherapeuticminterpersonalmcommunicationmskillsmtomprovideminformation,mmakem
appropriatemreferrals,mandmfacilitatemthempatient’smproblem-solvingmandmdecision-
makingmskills.mThemteacher/educatormusesmcommunicationmskillsmtomassess,mimplement,mandmevaluatemindividualizedmt
eachingmplansmtommeetmlearningmneedsmofmclientsmandmtheirmfamilies.mAmleadermdisplaysmanmassertive,mself-
confidentmpracticemofmnursingmwhenmprovidingmcare,meffectingmchange,mandmfunctioningmwithmgroups.mThemcollaborato
rmusesmskillsminmorganization,mcommunication,mandmadvocacymtomfacilitatemthemfunctionsmofmallmmembersmofmthemhealt
hmcaremteammasmtheymprovidempatientmcare.
Amnursemismprovidingmnursingmcareminmamneighborhoodmclinicmtomsingle,mpregnantmteens.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmactionsmis
7. thembestmexamplemofmusingmthemcounselormrolemasmamnurse?
,A) Discussingmthemlegalmaspectsmofmadoptionmformteensmwishingmtomplacemtheirminfantsmwithmamfamily
B) SearchingmthemInternetmforminformationmonmchildmcaremformthemteensmwhom wishmtomreturnmtomschool
C) Conductingmamclientminterviewmandmdocumentingmtheminformationmonmthemclient’smchart
D) Referringmamteenmwhomadmitsmhavingmsuicidalmthoughtsmtomammentalmhealthmcaremspecialist
Ans:m m D
Feedback:
Themrolemofmthemcounselormincludesmmakingmappropriatemreferrals.mDiscussingmlegalmissuesmismthemrolemofmthemadvo
catemandmsearchingmforminformationmonmthemInternetmismthemrolemofmamresearcher.mConductingmamclientminterviewmw
ouldmfallmundermthemrolemofmthemcaregiver.
Amnurseminstructormexplainsmthemconceptmofmhealthmtomhermstudents.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmstatementsmaccuratelymdescribes
8. thismstatemofmbeing?
A) Healthmismamstatemofmoptimalmfunctioning.
B) Healthmismanmabsencemofmillness.
C) Healthmismalwaysmanmobjectivemstate.
D) Healthmismnotmdeterminedmbymthempatient.
Ans:m m A
Feedback:
Healthmismamstatemofmoptimalmfunctioningmormwell-
being.mAsmdefinedmbymthem WorldmHealthmOrganization,mone’smhealthmincludesmphysical,msocial,mandmmentalmcompon
entsmandmismnotmmerelymthemabsencemofmdiseasemorminfirmity.mHealthmismoftenmamsubjectivemstate;mampersonmmaym bem
medicallymdiagnosedmwithmanmillnessmbutmstillmconsidermhimselfmormherselfmhealthy.
AmnursemincorporatesmthemhealthmpromotionmguidelinesmestablishedmbymthemU.S.mDepartmentmofmHealthmdocument:mHealthy
9. Peoplem2010.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmismamhealthmindicatormdiscussedminmthismdocument?
A) Cancer
B) Obesity
C) Diabetes
D) Hypertension
Ans:m m B
Feedback:
Them10mleadingmindicatorsmofmhealthmestablishedmbymHealthymPeoplem2010mare:mphysicalmactivity,mexcessivemweightma
ndmobesity,mtobaccomuse,msubstancemabuse,mresponsiblemsexualmbehavior,mmentalmhealth,minjurymandmviolence,menviron
mentalmquality,mimmunizations,mandmaccessmtomhealthmcare.
10. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismamcriteriamthatmdefinesmnursingmasmprofession?
A) anmundefinedmbodym ofmknowledge
B) amdependencemonmthem medicalmprofession
C) anmabilitymtomdiagnosem medicalmproblems
D) amstrongmservicemorientation
, Ans:m m D
Feedback:
Nursingmismrecognizedmincreasinglymasmamprofessionmbasedmonmthemfollowingmdefiningmcriteria:mwell-
definedmbodymofmspecificmandmuniquemknowledge;mstrongmservicem orientation;mrecognizedmauthoritymbymamprofessional
m group;m codem ofm ethics;m professional m organizationm thatm setsm standards; m ongoingm research;m andm autonomy.
AftermgraduationmfrommanmaccreditedmprogramminmnursingmandmsuccessfullympassingmthemNCLEX,mwhatmgivesmthemnursema
11. legalmrightmtompractice?
A) Enrollingminmanmadvancedmdegreemprogram
B) FilingmNCLEXmresultsminmthemcountymofmresidence
C) BeingmlicensedmbymthemStatemBoardmofmNursing
D) Havingmamsignedmlettermconfirmingmgraduation
Ans:m m C
Feedback:
ThemBoardm ofmNursingminmeachm statemhasmthemlegalmauthoritymtomallowmgraduatesmofmapprovedmschoolsmofmnursingmto
m takem themlicensingm examination. m Thosem whom successfullym meetm them requirementsm form licensurem arem givenm am licensem
tompracticem nursingminmthemstate.mItmismillegalmtompracticemnursingmwithoutmamlicensemissuedmbymthemStatemBoardmofm
Nursing.mAmnursemdoesmnotmhavemthemlegalmrightmtompracticemnursingmbymenrollingminmanmadvancedmdegreemprogram,m
filingmNCLEXmresults,mormhavingmamlettermconfirmingmgraduation.
Amhealthmcaremfacilitymdeterminedmthatmamnursememployedmonmam medicalmunitmwasmdocumentingm caremthatmwasmnotm
beingmgiven,mandmsubsequentlymreportedmthemactionmtomthemStatemBoardmofmNursing.mHowm mightmthismaffectmthemnur
se’smlicensemto
12. practicemnursing?
A) Itmwillmhavemnomeffectmonmthemabilitymtompracticemnursing.
B) Themnursemcanmpracticemnursingmatmamless-skilledmlevel.
C) Themnurse’smlicensemmaymbemrevokedmormsuspended.
D) Themnurse’smlicensemwillmpermanentlymcarrymamfelonymconviction.
Ans:m m C
Feedback:
Themlicensemandmthemrightmtompracticemnursingmcanmbemdenied,mrevoked,mormsuspendedmformprofessionalmmisconduct,m
suchmasmamcrime.mOthermareasmofmprofessionalmmisconductmincludemincompetence,mnegligence,mandmchemicalmimpairm
ent.mCommittingm amfelonymdoesm affectmthemlegalmrightmtompracticemnursing,mdoesmnotmallowmthemnursemtompracticematm
amlowermlevel,mandmismnotmattachedmtomthemlicense.
Whilemprovidingmcaremtomthemdiabeticmpatientmthemnursemdeterminesmthatmthempatientmhasmamknowledgemdeficitmregarding
13. insulinmadministration.mThismnursingmactionmismdescribedminmwhichmphasemofmthemnursingmprocess?
A) evaluation
B) implementation
C) planning
D) nursingmdiagnosis
Ans:m m D
m m m m
Anmoncologymnursem withm15myearsmofmexperience,mcertificationminmthemareamofmoncologymnursing,mandmammaster’smdeg
reemismconsideredmtombemanmexpertminmhermareamofmpracticemandm worksmonmanmoncologymunitminmamlargemteachingmhos
pital.mBasedmuponmthismdescription,mwhichmofmthemfollowingmcareermrolesmbestmdescribesmthismnurse’smrole,mtakingmint
omaccountmher
1. qualificationsmandmexperience?
A) Clinicalmnursemspecialist
B) Nursementrepreneur
C) Nursempractitioner
D) Nursemeducator
Ans:m m A
Feedback:
Amclinicalmnursemspecialistmismamnursemwithmanmadvancedm degree,meducation,mormexperiencemwhomismconsideredmtombe
m anm expertm inm am specializedm aream ofm nursing.m Them clinicalm nursem specialistm carriesm outm directm patientm care;m consultati
on;mteachingmofmpatients,mfamilies,mandmstaff;mandmresearch.mAmnursempractitionermhasmanmadvancedmdegreemandmwork
sminmamvarietymofmsettingsmtomdelivermprimarymcare.mAmnursemeducatormusuallymhasmanmadvancedmdegreemandmteachesmi
nmthemeducationalmormclinicalm setting.mAmnursementrepreneurm maym managemamclinicmormhealth-relatedmbusiness.
Whatmguidelinesmdomnursesmfollowmtomidentifymthempatient’smhealthmcaremneedsmandmstrengths,mtomestablishmandmcarrymoutma
2. planmofmcaremtom meetmthosemneeds,mandmtomevaluatemthemeffectivenessmofmthemplanmtommeetmestablishedmoutcomes?
A) Nursingmprocess
B) ANAmStandardsmofmProfessionalm Performance
C) Evidence-basedmpracticemguidelines
D) NursemPracticemActs
Ans:m m A
Feedback:
Themnursingmprocessmismonemofmthemmajormguidelinesmformnursingmpractice.mNursesmimplementmtheirmrolesmthroughmth
emnursingmprocess.mThemnursingm processmismusedmbymthemnursemtomidentifymthempatient’smhealthmcaremneedsmandmstren
gths,mtomestablishm andmcarrymoutmamplanmofmcaremtommeetmthosemneeds,mandmtomevaluatemthemeffectivenessmofmthempla
nmtommeetmestablishedmoutcomes.
Whichmofmthemfollowingmorganizationsmismthembestmsourcemofminformationmwhenmamnursem wishesmtomdeterminemwhetherman
3. actionmismwithinmthemscopemofmnursingmpractice?
A) AmericanmNursesmAssociationm(ANA)
B) AmericanmAssociationmofmCollegesminmNursingm(AACN)
C) NationalmLeaguemformNursingm(NLN)
D) InternationalmCouncilmofmNursesm (ICN)
Ans:m m A
Feedback:
ThemANAmproducesmthem2003mNursing:mScopemandmStandardsmofmPractice,mwhichmdefinesmthemactivitiesmspecificmand
m uniquem tom nursing.m Them AACN m addressesm educationalm standards, m whilem them NLNm promotesm andm fostersm variousm asp
ectsmofmnursing.
, ThemICNmprovidesmamvenuemformnationalmnursingmorganizationsmtomcollaborate,mbutmdoesmnotmdefinemstandardsmandmsc
opemofmpractice.
4. Whomismconsideredmtombemthemfoundermofmprofessionalmnursing?
A) DorotheamDix
B) LillianmWald
C) FlorencemNightingale
D) ClaramBarton
Ans:m m C
Feedback:
FlorencemNightingalemismconsideredmtombemthemfoundermofmprofessionalmnursing.mShemelevatedmthemstatusmofmnursingmt
omamrespectedmoccupation,mimprovedmthemqualitymofmnursingmcare,mandmfoundedm modernm nursingmeducation.mAlthough
m them otherm choicesm arem women m whom werem importantmtom them development m ofm nursing,m nonem ofm themm ism consideredm th
emfounder.
5. WhichmofmthemfollowingmnursingmpioneersmestablishedmthemRedmCrossminmthemUnitedmStatesminm1882?
A) FlorencemNightingale
B) ClaramBarton
C) DorotheamDix
D) JanemAddams
Ans:m m B
Feedback:
ClaramBartonmvolunteeredmtomcaremformwoundsmandmfeedmunionmsoldiersmduringmthemcivilmwar,mservedmasmthemsupervis
ormofmnursesmformthemArmymofmthemJames,morganizedmhospitalsmandmnurses,mandmestablishedmthemRedmCrossminmthemU
nitedmStatesminm1882.
AmnursempractitionermismcaringmformamcouplemwhomaremthemparentsmofmanminfantmdiagnosedmwithmDownmSyndrome.mThemnurse
6. makesmreferralsmformamparentmsupportmgroupmformthemfamily.mThismismanmexamplemofmwhichmnursingmrole?
A) Teacher/Educator
B) Leader
C) Counselor
D) Collaborator
Ans:m m C
Feedback:
Counselingmskillsminvolvemthemusemofmtherapeuticminterpersonalmcommunicationmskillsmtomprovideminformation,mmakem
appropriatemreferrals,mandmfacilitatemthempatient’smproblem-solvingmandmdecision-
makingmskills.mThemteacher/educatormusesmcommunicationmskillsmtomassess,mimplement,mandmevaluatemindividualizedmt
eachingmplansmtommeetmlearningmneedsmofmclientsmandmtheirmfamilies.mAmleadermdisplaysmanmassertive,mself-
confidentmpracticemofmnursingmwhenmprovidingmcare,meffectingmchange,mandmfunctioningmwithmgroups.mThemcollaborato
rmusesmskillsminmorganization,mcommunication,mandmadvocacymtomfacilitatemthemfunctionsmofmallmmembersmofmthemhealt
hmcaremteammasmtheymprovidempatientmcare.
Amnursemismprovidingmnursingmcareminmamneighborhoodmclinicmtomsingle,mpregnantmteens.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmactionsmis
7. thembestmexamplemofmusingmthemcounselormrolemasmamnurse?
,A) Discussingmthemlegalmaspectsmofmadoptionmformteensmwishingmtomplacemtheirminfantsmwithmamfamily
B) SearchingmthemInternetmforminformationmonmchildmcaremformthemteensmwhom wishmtomreturnmtomschool
C) Conductingmamclientminterviewmandmdocumentingmtheminformationmonmthemclient’smchart
D) Referringmamteenmwhomadmitsmhavingmsuicidalmthoughtsmtomammentalmhealthmcaremspecialist
Ans:m m D
Feedback:
Themrolemofmthemcounselormincludesmmakingmappropriatemreferrals.mDiscussingmlegalmissuesmismthemrolemofmthemadvo
catemandmsearchingmforminformationmonmthemInternetmismthemrolemofmamresearcher.mConductingmamclientminterviewmw
ouldmfallmundermthemrolemofmthemcaregiver.
Amnurseminstructormexplainsmthemconceptmofmhealthmtomhermstudents.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmstatementsmaccuratelymdescribes
8. thismstatemofmbeing?
A) Healthmismamstatemofmoptimalmfunctioning.
B) Healthmismanmabsencemofmillness.
C) Healthmismalwaysmanmobjectivemstate.
D) Healthmismnotmdeterminedmbymthempatient.
Ans:m m A
Feedback:
Healthmismamstatemofmoptimalmfunctioningmormwell-
being.mAsmdefinedmbymthem WorldmHealthmOrganization,mone’smhealthmincludesmphysical,msocial,mandmmentalmcompon
entsmandmismnotmmerelymthemabsencemofmdiseasemorminfirmity.mHealthmismoftenmamsubjectivemstate;mampersonmmaym bem
medicallymdiagnosedmwithmanmillnessmbutmstillmconsidermhimselfmormherselfmhealthy.
AmnursemincorporatesmthemhealthmpromotionmguidelinesmestablishedmbymthemU.S.mDepartmentmofmHealthmdocument:mHealthy
9. Peoplem2010.mWhichmofmthemfollowingmismamhealthmindicatormdiscussedminmthismdocument?
A) Cancer
B) Obesity
C) Diabetes
D) Hypertension
Ans:m m B
Feedback:
Them10mleadingmindicatorsmofmhealthmestablishedmbymHealthymPeoplem2010mare:mphysicalmactivity,mexcessivemweightma
ndmobesity,mtobaccomuse,msubstancemabuse,mresponsiblemsexualmbehavior,mmentalmhealth,minjurymandmviolence,menviron
mentalmquality,mimmunizations,mandmaccessmtomhealthmcare.
10. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismamcriteriamthatmdefinesmnursingmasmprofession?
A) anmundefinedmbodym ofmknowledge
B) amdependencemonmthem medicalmprofession
C) anmabilitymtomdiagnosem medicalmproblems
D) amstrongmservicemorientation
, Ans:m m D
Feedback:
Nursingmismrecognizedmincreasinglymasmamprofessionmbasedmonmthemfollowingmdefiningmcriteria:mwell-
definedmbodymofmspecificmandmuniquemknowledge;mstrongmservicem orientation;mrecognizedmauthoritymbymamprofessional
m group;m codem ofm ethics;m professional m organizationm thatm setsm standards; m ongoingm research;m andm autonomy.
AftermgraduationmfrommanmaccreditedmprogramminmnursingmandmsuccessfullympassingmthemNCLEX,mwhatmgivesmthemnursema
11. legalmrightmtompractice?
A) Enrollingminmanmadvancedmdegreemprogram
B) FilingmNCLEXmresultsminmthemcountymofmresidence
C) BeingmlicensedmbymthemStatemBoardmofmNursing
D) Havingmamsignedmlettermconfirmingmgraduation
Ans:m m C
Feedback:
ThemBoardm ofmNursingminmeachm statemhasmthemlegalmauthoritymtomallowmgraduatesmofmapprovedmschoolsmofmnursingmto
m takem themlicensingm examination. m Thosem whom successfullym meetm them requirementsm form licensurem arem givenm am licensem
tompracticem nursingminmthemstate.mItmismillegalmtompracticemnursingmwithoutmamlicensemissuedmbymthemStatemBoardmofm
Nursing.mAmnursemdoesmnotmhavemthemlegalmrightmtompracticemnursingmbymenrollingminmanmadvancedmdegreemprogram,m
filingmNCLEXmresults,mormhavingmamlettermconfirmingmgraduation.
Amhealthmcaremfacilitymdeterminedmthatmamnursememployedmonmam medicalmunitmwasmdocumentingm caremthatmwasmnotm
beingmgiven,mandmsubsequentlymreportedmthemactionmtomthemStatemBoardmofmNursing.mHowm mightmthismaffectmthemnur
se’smlicensemto
12. practicemnursing?
A) Itmwillmhavemnomeffectmonmthemabilitymtompracticemnursing.
B) Themnursemcanmpracticemnursingmatmamless-skilledmlevel.
C) Themnurse’smlicensemmaymbemrevokedmormsuspended.
D) Themnurse’smlicensemwillmpermanentlymcarrymamfelonymconviction.
Ans:m m C
Feedback:
Themlicensemandmthemrightmtompracticemnursingmcanmbemdenied,mrevoked,mormsuspendedmformprofessionalmmisconduct,m
suchmasmamcrime.mOthermareasmofmprofessionalmmisconductmincludemincompetence,mnegligence,mandmchemicalmimpairm
ent.mCommittingm amfelonymdoesm affectmthemlegalmrightmtompracticemnursing,mdoesmnotmallowmthemnursemtompracticematm
amlowermlevel,mandmismnotmattachedmtomthemlicense.
Whilemprovidingmcaremtomthemdiabeticmpatientmthemnursemdeterminesmthatmthempatientmhasmamknowledgemdeficitmregarding
13. insulinmadministration.mThismnursingmactionmismdescribedminmwhichmphasemofmthemnursingmprocess?
A) evaluation
B) implementation
C) planning
D) nursingmdiagnosis
Ans:m m D
