L3: Sex Differences in the Body
Biological Differences
Genetic/ chromosomal sex
Sexual differentiation
Development of sex organs
Internal vs. external sex organs
Factors determining the development of male sex organs
Testis-determining factor
Anti-Mullerian hormone
Androgens
Factors determining the development of female sex organs
Differences in sex development DSD
Sexual maturation
Puberty
Sex hormones overview
Masculinising effects of estrogen
Biological Differences
Types of sex difference:
Genetic or chromosomal sex
Gonadal sex
Internal reproductive system
External reproductive system
Pubertal sex changes
Hormonal sex
Brain sex
Behavioural and ‘cognitiveʼ sex
Sexual identity
Genetic/ chromosomal sex
23 chromosomes
L3 Sex Differences in the Body 1
, X and Y pair
Genetic sex of a human fetus is determined by fatherʼs sperm
Sexual differentiation
Before birth
Fetal gonads produce organisation effects of sex hormones
L3 Sex Differences in the Body 2
, Results in permanent alterations in the body/ CNS induced by a hormone at
the critical period in development
After birth
Gonads produce activational effects of sex hormones
Results in hormone effects that occur in the fully developed organism
Depends on previous organisational effects
Development of sex organs
Internal vs. external sex organs
Gonads (ovaries/ testes) and internal External sex organs:
sex organs:
Factors determining the development of male sex
organs
L3 Sex Differences in the Body 3
Biological Differences
Genetic/ chromosomal sex
Sexual differentiation
Development of sex organs
Internal vs. external sex organs
Factors determining the development of male sex organs
Testis-determining factor
Anti-Mullerian hormone
Androgens
Factors determining the development of female sex organs
Differences in sex development DSD
Sexual maturation
Puberty
Sex hormones overview
Masculinising effects of estrogen
Biological Differences
Types of sex difference:
Genetic or chromosomal sex
Gonadal sex
Internal reproductive system
External reproductive system
Pubertal sex changes
Hormonal sex
Brain sex
Behavioural and ‘cognitiveʼ sex
Sexual identity
Genetic/ chromosomal sex
23 chromosomes
L3 Sex Differences in the Body 1
, X and Y pair
Genetic sex of a human fetus is determined by fatherʼs sperm
Sexual differentiation
Before birth
Fetal gonads produce organisation effects of sex hormones
L3 Sex Differences in the Body 2
, Results in permanent alterations in the body/ CNS induced by a hormone at
the critical period in development
After birth
Gonads produce activational effects of sex hormones
Results in hormone effects that occur in the fully developed organism
Depends on previous organisational effects
Development of sex organs
Internal vs. external sex organs
Gonads (ovaries/ testes) and internal External sex organs:
sex organs:
Factors determining the development of male sex
organs
L3 Sex Differences in the Body 3
