UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
CAWANGAN PAHANG, SARAWAK, JOHOR, PULAU PINANG
SEMESTER : OCTOBER 2024 – FEBRUARY 2025
NAME & MATRIX NO : 1) ADAM DANIAL BIN RAZALI 2023878458
2) MUHAMMAD AFNAN NABIL BIN AFZARIZAL 2023856204
ASSIGNMENT: FLUID MECHANICS (ECW231)
3) MUHAMMAD HAFIZUDDIN AMSYAR BIN 2023641856
JAFRI
4) NORHAIDA BINTI ABU HASHIM 2023626716
GROUP : PEC110 3B2
LECTURER : SATIRA BINTI HAMBALI
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 12/01/2025
Course Outcome Programme Outcome
CO1: Explain basic knowledge of PO1: Apply knowledge of mathematics, natural
fluid mechanics. science, engineering fundamentals and an
engineering specialization to wide practical
procedures and practices.
CO2: Formulate engineering PO2: Identify and analyse well-defined engineering
problems related to fluid problems reaching substantiated conclusions
mechanics. using codified methods of analysis specific to
their field of activity.
SDG 9 - Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
Learning Outcome
By completing this assignment, students should be able to:
- Describe buoyancy principle (CO1-PO1)
- Formulate problems related to buoyancy. (CO2-PO2)
CATEGORY CO1-PO1 CO2-PO2
PROBLEM DEFINITION 5 1/1/25
PROBLEM ANALYSIS 5
PLAN DEVELOPMENT 5
PLAN IMPLEMENTATION 5
OUTCOME EVALUATION 5
5 20
TOTAL 25
, TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 3
2.0 SCOPE OF WORK AND FLOWCHART ................................................................... 4
2.1 SCOPE OF WORK .................................................................................................. 4
2.2 FLOWCHART OF WORK DIVISION ....................................................................... 5
3.0 EXPERIMENTAL METHOD ...................................................................................... 6
3.1 APPARATUS........................................................................................................... 6
3.2 IDEAS & INSPIRATIONS ........................................................................................ 7
3.3 PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................ 8
4.0 DESIGN ANALYSIS.................................................................................................. 9
4.1 DIMENSIONS .......................................................................................................... 9
4.2 FREE-BODY DIAGRAM .......................................................................................... 9
4.3 EQUATIONS/PRINCIPLES ..................................................................................... 9
4.4 WORK CALCULATIONS ................................................................................ 10
5.0 EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND ANALYSIS .............................................................. 12
5.1 DATA OBTAINED ................................................................................................. 12
5.2 COMPARISON BETWEEN THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENT ......................... 12
5.3 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE DIFFERENCE IN THEORETICAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL WORK ............................................................................................. 13
6.0 DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................... 14
7.0 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................ 15
8.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 16
9.0 APPENDICES ......................................................................................................... 17
, 1.0 INTRODUCTION
The principles of buoyancy and stability are fundamental in fluid mechanics, and
comprehension of these concepts is necessary for the design and construction of
floating structures, including boats, ships, and pontoons. This assignment focuses on
applying this knowledge to design a floating boat model that can support a maximum
load of 150 grams without capsizing. By constructing the model and conducting
experimental testing, students will obtain practical insights into how the relationships
between buoyant forces and gravitational forces are able to keep an object afloat.
The project aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation, and
Infrastructure), emphasizing the importance of innovative and eco-friendly design
practices. Additionally, understanding fluid mechanics helps the students to explore
sustainable material alternatives through this assignment, thus reducing reliance on
conventional plastics and encouraging responsibility to the environment.
This report details the collaborative effort to design, construct, and test a floating
boat model. It highlights the scope of work, experimental methodology, design
analysis, results, and discussion of findings. By combining theoretical principles and
practical applications, the project reduces the gap between academic knowledge and
real-world engineering challenges.
Objectives
1. To create and build a model boat that floats using lightweight materials.
2. To illustrate and apply the concepts of buoyancy and stability.
3. To evaluate the boat's performance when subjected to different load conditions.
4. To investigate the potential of sustainable materials as substitutes for traditional
components.
CAWANGAN PAHANG, SARAWAK, JOHOR, PULAU PINANG
SEMESTER : OCTOBER 2024 – FEBRUARY 2025
NAME & MATRIX NO : 1) ADAM DANIAL BIN RAZALI 2023878458
2) MUHAMMAD AFNAN NABIL BIN AFZARIZAL 2023856204
ASSIGNMENT: FLUID MECHANICS (ECW231)
3) MUHAMMAD HAFIZUDDIN AMSYAR BIN 2023641856
JAFRI
4) NORHAIDA BINTI ABU HASHIM 2023626716
GROUP : PEC110 3B2
LECTURER : SATIRA BINTI HAMBALI
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 12/01/2025
Course Outcome Programme Outcome
CO1: Explain basic knowledge of PO1: Apply knowledge of mathematics, natural
fluid mechanics. science, engineering fundamentals and an
engineering specialization to wide practical
procedures and practices.
CO2: Formulate engineering PO2: Identify and analyse well-defined engineering
problems related to fluid problems reaching substantiated conclusions
mechanics. using codified methods of analysis specific to
their field of activity.
SDG 9 - Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
Learning Outcome
By completing this assignment, students should be able to:
- Describe buoyancy principle (CO1-PO1)
- Formulate problems related to buoyancy. (CO2-PO2)
CATEGORY CO1-PO1 CO2-PO2
PROBLEM DEFINITION 5 1/1/25
PROBLEM ANALYSIS 5
PLAN DEVELOPMENT 5
PLAN IMPLEMENTATION 5
OUTCOME EVALUATION 5
5 20
TOTAL 25
, TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 3
2.0 SCOPE OF WORK AND FLOWCHART ................................................................... 4
2.1 SCOPE OF WORK .................................................................................................. 4
2.2 FLOWCHART OF WORK DIVISION ....................................................................... 5
3.0 EXPERIMENTAL METHOD ...................................................................................... 6
3.1 APPARATUS........................................................................................................... 6
3.2 IDEAS & INSPIRATIONS ........................................................................................ 7
3.3 PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................ 8
4.0 DESIGN ANALYSIS.................................................................................................. 9
4.1 DIMENSIONS .......................................................................................................... 9
4.2 FREE-BODY DIAGRAM .......................................................................................... 9
4.3 EQUATIONS/PRINCIPLES ..................................................................................... 9
4.4 WORK CALCULATIONS ................................................................................ 10
5.0 EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND ANALYSIS .............................................................. 12
5.1 DATA OBTAINED ................................................................................................. 12
5.2 COMPARISON BETWEEN THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENT ......................... 12
5.3 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE DIFFERENCE IN THEORETICAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL WORK ............................................................................................. 13
6.0 DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................... 14
7.0 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................ 15
8.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 16
9.0 APPENDICES ......................................................................................................... 17
, 1.0 INTRODUCTION
The principles of buoyancy and stability are fundamental in fluid mechanics, and
comprehension of these concepts is necessary for the design and construction of
floating structures, including boats, ships, and pontoons. This assignment focuses on
applying this knowledge to design a floating boat model that can support a maximum
load of 150 grams without capsizing. By constructing the model and conducting
experimental testing, students will obtain practical insights into how the relationships
between buoyant forces and gravitational forces are able to keep an object afloat.
The project aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation, and
Infrastructure), emphasizing the importance of innovative and eco-friendly design
practices. Additionally, understanding fluid mechanics helps the students to explore
sustainable material alternatives through this assignment, thus reducing reliance on
conventional plastics and encouraging responsibility to the environment.
This report details the collaborative effort to design, construct, and test a floating
boat model. It highlights the scope of work, experimental methodology, design
analysis, results, and discussion of findings. By combining theoretical principles and
practical applications, the project reduces the gap between academic knowledge and
real-world engineering challenges.
Objectives
1. To create and build a model boat that floats using lightweight materials.
2. To illustrate and apply the concepts of buoyancy and stability.
3. To evaluate the boat's performance when subjected to different load conditions.
4. To investigate the potential of sustainable materials as substitutes for traditional
components.
