UBC PSYC 300A Abnormal Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
psychological dysfunction - ANSWER breakdown in cognitive, emotional or behavioural
functioning
personal distress or impairment - ANSWER the behavior must be associated with
distress to be classified as abnormal. the individual must be extremely upset.
DSM-5 - ANSWER -symptoms criteria
-impairment
-distress
-excessive or atypical in cultural context
models of psychological disorders - ANSWER -spiritual
-biological
-psychonatural
Spiritual model - ANSWER -religious, humanistic
-soul loss, possession, magical insertion, ancestral offences
spiritual treatments - ANSWER -purification rituals, spiritual counseling
-religiosity gap between mental health professionals and clients
biological model - ANSWER -psychological problems arise out of underlying biological
processes
-psychoses: exogenous (external cause) vs endogenous (internal cause) (Emil Kraeplin)
-neuroses: neurasthenia (weak nerves) vs. psychaesthenia (weak psyche)
Biological Treatments - ANSWER -surgical procedures, convulsive therapies (Meduna)
(early 20th century)
-neuroleptic medications: handle impairments, but lasting neg effects
psychological model - ANSWER psychological disorders arise as a result of life
experiences
moral treatment - ANSWER under psychological model
,-first revolution in psychiatry
-Phillippe Pinel
-moral treatment of institutionalized patients
-declined because not feasible with so many patients (Dorothea Dix)
psychoanalytic models - ANSWER second revolution in psychiatry
-mesmer (hypnosis for hysteria)
-Janet: repression & the unconscious
-Breuer: talking cure for hysteria
Freud Psychoanalytic Theory - ANSWER -tripartite mind (unconscious, conscious,
subconscious) & psyche (id: biological drives, ego: problem solver, superego: learned
morals)
-motivation: discharge biological impulses (sexual, life-death)
-learned defense mechanisms to supress urges
treatment: make unconscious conscious (free association, dream analysis)
psychodynamic models - ANSWER psychological model focused on interpersonal
dynamics
-object relations
-introjected significant others
development of ego boundaries and sense of self
humanistic models - ANSWER -Maslow's hierarchy of needs
-rejection of a lot of Freud
-focus on human potential and fulfillment through personal growth
learning theories - ANSWER operant and classical conditioning
operant conditioning - ANSWER Skinner
reinforcement, punishment
behaviour modification
classical conditioning - ANSWER Wolpe
conditioned fear
, counter-conditioning
behavior therapy - ANSWER modify conditioned responses
-graduated exposure
-systematic desensitization
-ERP: exposure response prevention (OCD) (jack rachman)
observational learning - ANSWER Bandrua
-modeling
-treatment: model good behavior
cognitive theories - ANSWER Beck
-illogical reasoning
-beginning of modern cognitive theory
biological contributions to psychological disorders - ANSWER -genetic contributions
-childhood adversity
-heritability
-neurochemical systems
-brain structure
gene - ANSWER sequence of DNA molecules
around 20,000 genes
chromosome - ANSWER series of genes
46 chromosomes in 23 pairs
genotype - ANSWER genetic code
phenotype - ANSWER genetic expression
With Correct Answers
psychological dysfunction - ANSWER breakdown in cognitive, emotional or behavioural
functioning
personal distress or impairment - ANSWER the behavior must be associated with
distress to be classified as abnormal. the individual must be extremely upset.
DSM-5 - ANSWER -symptoms criteria
-impairment
-distress
-excessive or atypical in cultural context
models of psychological disorders - ANSWER -spiritual
-biological
-psychonatural
Spiritual model - ANSWER -religious, humanistic
-soul loss, possession, magical insertion, ancestral offences
spiritual treatments - ANSWER -purification rituals, spiritual counseling
-religiosity gap between mental health professionals and clients
biological model - ANSWER -psychological problems arise out of underlying biological
processes
-psychoses: exogenous (external cause) vs endogenous (internal cause) (Emil Kraeplin)
-neuroses: neurasthenia (weak nerves) vs. psychaesthenia (weak psyche)
Biological Treatments - ANSWER -surgical procedures, convulsive therapies (Meduna)
(early 20th century)
-neuroleptic medications: handle impairments, but lasting neg effects
psychological model - ANSWER psychological disorders arise as a result of life
experiences
moral treatment - ANSWER under psychological model
,-first revolution in psychiatry
-Phillippe Pinel
-moral treatment of institutionalized patients
-declined because not feasible with so many patients (Dorothea Dix)
psychoanalytic models - ANSWER second revolution in psychiatry
-mesmer (hypnosis for hysteria)
-Janet: repression & the unconscious
-Breuer: talking cure for hysteria
Freud Psychoanalytic Theory - ANSWER -tripartite mind (unconscious, conscious,
subconscious) & psyche (id: biological drives, ego: problem solver, superego: learned
morals)
-motivation: discharge biological impulses (sexual, life-death)
-learned defense mechanisms to supress urges
treatment: make unconscious conscious (free association, dream analysis)
psychodynamic models - ANSWER psychological model focused on interpersonal
dynamics
-object relations
-introjected significant others
development of ego boundaries and sense of self
humanistic models - ANSWER -Maslow's hierarchy of needs
-rejection of a lot of Freud
-focus on human potential and fulfillment through personal growth
learning theories - ANSWER operant and classical conditioning
operant conditioning - ANSWER Skinner
reinforcement, punishment
behaviour modification
classical conditioning - ANSWER Wolpe
conditioned fear
, counter-conditioning
behavior therapy - ANSWER modify conditioned responses
-graduated exposure
-systematic desensitization
-ERP: exposure response prevention (OCD) (jack rachman)
observational learning - ANSWER Bandrua
-modeling
-treatment: model good behavior
cognitive theories - ANSWER Beck
-illogical reasoning
-beginning of modern cognitive theory
biological contributions to psychological disorders - ANSWER -genetic contributions
-childhood adversity
-heritability
-neurochemical systems
-brain structure
gene - ANSWER sequence of DNA molecules
around 20,000 genes
chromosome - ANSWER series of genes
46 chromosomes in 23 pairs
genotype - ANSWER genetic code
phenotype - ANSWER genetic expression
