Exam 2 Module 4: NUR 2474 / NUR2474 (Latest
Update ) Pharmacology for Professional
Nursing | Questions & Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - Rasmussen
How long do statins take to start working?
2-4 weeks to start seeing affects
What time of day should a patient take
statins?
evening on an empty stomach is best
dietary restrictions with statins?
avoid grapefruit-can increase risk of
rhabdomyolysis
What do we want our ratio for cholesterol to
be
3:1 LDL: HDL
2:1 is more ideal, when it is 6:1 or 5:1 is when
we start to medicate
how does cholestyramine work?
for elevated cholesterol.
It is a bile sequestrant (bile is made with
,cholesterol), so it binds to bile acids and
prevents them from being reabsorbed/reused
and accelerates their excretion. Therefore liver
needs to make more using LDLs-the liver
increases number of LDL receptors, increasing
the LDL uptake (which decreases LDL plasma
levels)
What other labs will be needed when taking
statins/HMG-COA inhibitors
besides cholesterol and triglycerides, liver
enzymes must me checked.
what can happen if patient takes
cholestyramine without dilution?
it is like a cement and can lead to erosion in
throat or GI tract.
must mix with 4 oz of fluid/soup/applesauce
8 oz is more ideal
how are colesevelam and cholestyramine
different?
Cholestyramine can affect absorption of fat
soluble vitamins. frequently causes constipation,
abdominal discomfort and bloating
, Colesevelam does not affect absorption of the
fat-soluble vitamins, minimal effects on other
drugs, better tolerated. Can lower blood sugar-
great for type 2 diabetes, but not type 1!
What drugs can be used for hyptertension?
ACE inhibitors
CCBs
Beta blockers
Diuretics
alpha blockers
ARBs
DRIs
What problems are caused by untreated
HTN?
stroke, heart attack, plaque, kidney
injury/problems, heart failure
how does plaque form
HTN causes fissures in arteries, macrophages
enter that bind with LDLs, platelets and debris
adhere, plaque grows, impedes blood flow
How is dilutional hyponatremia different
from diuretic induced hyponatremia
Update ) Pharmacology for Professional
Nursing | Questions & Answers | 100% Correct |
Grade A - Rasmussen
How long do statins take to start working?
2-4 weeks to start seeing affects
What time of day should a patient take
statins?
evening on an empty stomach is best
dietary restrictions with statins?
avoid grapefruit-can increase risk of
rhabdomyolysis
What do we want our ratio for cholesterol to
be
3:1 LDL: HDL
2:1 is more ideal, when it is 6:1 or 5:1 is when
we start to medicate
how does cholestyramine work?
for elevated cholesterol.
It is a bile sequestrant (bile is made with
,cholesterol), so it binds to bile acids and
prevents them from being reabsorbed/reused
and accelerates their excretion. Therefore liver
needs to make more using LDLs-the liver
increases number of LDL receptors, increasing
the LDL uptake (which decreases LDL plasma
levels)
What other labs will be needed when taking
statins/HMG-COA inhibitors
besides cholesterol and triglycerides, liver
enzymes must me checked.
what can happen if patient takes
cholestyramine without dilution?
it is like a cement and can lead to erosion in
throat or GI tract.
must mix with 4 oz of fluid/soup/applesauce
8 oz is more ideal
how are colesevelam and cholestyramine
different?
Cholestyramine can affect absorption of fat
soluble vitamins. frequently causes constipation,
abdominal discomfort and bloating
, Colesevelam does not affect absorption of the
fat-soluble vitamins, minimal effects on other
drugs, better tolerated. Can lower blood sugar-
great for type 2 diabetes, but not type 1!
What drugs can be used for hyptertension?
ACE inhibitors
CCBs
Beta blockers
Diuretics
alpha blockers
ARBs
DRIs
What problems are caused by untreated
HTN?
stroke, heart attack, plaque, kidney
injury/problems, heart failure
how does plaque form
HTN causes fissures in arteries, macrophages
enter that bind with LDLs, platelets and debris
adhere, plaque grows, impedes blood flow
How is dilutional hyponatremia different
from diuretic induced hyponatremia
