Pathophysiology NU545 Unit 4 Questions and
Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers)
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Quiz: Infectious Mononucleosis
Ans: An acute, self-limiting viral infection of B cells, most commonly caused Epstein - Barr
Virus ( EBV) but can be caused by CMV, adenovirus, hepatitis A, influenza A and B, rubella,
bacteria toxoplasma gondii, corynebacterium diptheriae, and coxiella burnetii.
Quiz: Infectious Mononucleosis triad of symptoms
Ans: Pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, fever
Quiz: Infectious Mononucleosis
Ans: Transmission is through saliva ("kissing disease") and blood
Quiz: Incubation period Mononucleosis
Ans: Approx. 30-50 days/4-8 weeks, followed by a 3-5 day prodrome of fever, malaise, and
arthralgias.
Quiz: Symptoms of Mononucleosis
Ans: Fatigue may last for 1-2 months after resolution of the infection. Rarely the lymph
nodes and spleen will become enlarged causing splenomegally 50% of the time.
Quiz: Leading cause of death from Mononucleosis
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, Ans: Splenic rupture is rare but can occur and is the leading cause of death.
Quiz: Diagnostic Criteria for Mononucleosis
Ans: Diagnosis is based on Hoagland's criteria of at least 50% lymphocytes and at least
10% atypical lymphocytes in the blood in the presence of fever, pharyngitis, and
adenopathy confirmed by a positive serologic test. 5-15% of Monospot tests yield false-
positive results.
Quiz: Mononucleosis Treatment
Ans: Is usually self-limiting, medical intervention is rarely required. Treatment is
supportive including rest, analgesics and antipyretics.
Quiz: Mononucleosis Treatment
Ans: Ibuprofen, NOT ASPIRIN, is used in children and adolescents due to reported
incidence of Reye syndrome associated with EBV. Ampicillin is contraindicated because it
can cause a rash in most cases of IM. Bed rest and avoidance of strenuous activity should
be included, as well as steroids. Acyclovir has been used in immunosuppressed individuals.
Quiz: Leukemia
Ans: an uncontrolled proliferation of malignant leukocytes, causing an overcrowding of
bone marrow and decreased production and function of normal hematopoietic cells.
Quiz: Leukemia
Ans: classified by its predominant cell of origin (myeloid or lymphoid) and the rate of
progression (chronic or acute).
o
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, Quiz: Four types of Leukemia
Ans: Acute lymphocytic (ALL), acute myelogenous (AML), chronic lymphocytic (CLL), and
chronic myelogenous (CML).
Quiz: Leukemia
Ans: White children have higher rates of occurrence. ALL is the least common overall but
is the most common in children.
Quiz: Leukemia Patho
Ans: Blasts "crowd out" bone marrow and cause cellular proliferation of the other cell
lines to decrease, possibly resulting in pancytopenia (reduction in all cellular components
of blood).
Quiz: Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Ans: • most common childhood leukemia
• greater than 30% lymphoblasts in bone marrow or blood
• genetic anomaly - Philadelphia chromosome (between chromosomes 9 and 22)
• risk factors: prenatal x-ray exposure, postnatal exposure to high-dose radiation, viral
infections with HTLV-1 (can cause rare form of ALL and EBV), Down syndrome
Quiz: Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
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, Ans: • most common adult leukemia
• Down syndrome increases risk
• caused by abnormal proliferation of myeloid precursor cells, decreased rate of apoptosis,
arrest in cellular differentiation, mutation in the receptor tyrosine kinase FLT3
• risk factors include exposure to radiation, benzene, chemotherapy, hereditary conditions
Quiz: Manifestations of Acute Leukemia
Ans: • fatigue from anemia
• bleeding from thrombocytopenia (reduced platelets)
• fever from infection
• anorexia, weight loss, diminished sensitivity to sweet and sour tastes, muscle wasting,
difficulty swallowing
• CNS involvement
Quiz: Treatment of Acute Leukemia
Ans: • chemotherapy
• supportive measures (blood transfusions, abx, antifungals, antivirals)
• allopurinol which prevents production of uric acid (which is elevated from cellular death
due to treatment)
• stem cell transplantation
• bone marrow transplant
Quiz: Complications of Acute Leukemia
o
o
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Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers)
||Already Graded A+||Newest Version
Quiz: Infectious Mononucleosis
Ans: An acute, self-limiting viral infection of B cells, most commonly caused Epstein - Barr
Virus ( EBV) but can be caused by CMV, adenovirus, hepatitis A, influenza A and B, rubella,
bacteria toxoplasma gondii, corynebacterium diptheriae, and coxiella burnetii.
Quiz: Infectious Mononucleosis triad of symptoms
Ans: Pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, fever
Quiz: Infectious Mononucleosis
Ans: Transmission is through saliva ("kissing disease") and blood
Quiz: Incubation period Mononucleosis
Ans: Approx. 30-50 days/4-8 weeks, followed by a 3-5 day prodrome of fever, malaise, and
arthralgias.
Quiz: Symptoms of Mononucleosis
Ans: Fatigue may last for 1-2 months after resolution of the infection. Rarely the lymph
nodes and spleen will become enlarged causing splenomegally 50% of the time.
Quiz: Leading cause of death from Mononucleosis
o
o
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in the number given.
, Ans: Splenic rupture is rare but can occur and is the leading cause of death.
Quiz: Diagnostic Criteria for Mononucleosis
Ans: Diagnosis is based on Hoagland's criteria of at least 50% lymphocytes and at least
10% atypical lymphocytes in the blood in the presence of fever, pharyngitis, and
adenopathy confirmed by a positive serologic test. 5-15% of Monospot tests yield false-
positive results.
Quiz: Mononucleosis Treatment
Ans: Is usually self-limiting, medical intervention is rarely required. Treatment is
supportive including rest, analgesics and antipyretics.
Quiz: Mononucleosis Treatment
Ans: Ibuprofen, NOT ASPIRIN, is used in children and adolescents due to reported
incidence of Reye syndrome associated with EBV. Ampicillin is contraindicated because it
can cause a rash in most cases of IM. Bed rest and avoidance of strenuous activity should
be included, as well as steroids. Acyclovir has been used in immunosuppressed individuals.
Quiz: Leukemia
Ans: an uncontrolled proliferation of malignant leukocytes, causing an overcrowding of
bone marrow and decreased production and function of normal hematopoietic cells.
Quiz: Leukemia
Ans: classified by its predominant cell of origin (myeloid or lymphoid) and the rate of
progression (chronic or acute).
o
o
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WhatsApp or call o Resources & Updates: [Testtrackers - Stuvia US]
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in the number given.
, Quiz: Four types of Leukemia
Ans: Acute lymphocytic (ALL), acute myelogenous (AML), chronic lymphocytic (CLL), and
chronic myelogenous (CML).
Quiz: Leukemia
Ans: White children have higher rates of occurrence. ALL is the least common overall but
is the most common in children.
Quiz: Leukemia Patho
Ans: Blasts "crowd out" bone marrow and cause cellular proliferation of the other cell
lines to decrease, possibly resulting in pancytopenia (reduction in all cellular components
of blood).
Quiz: Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Ans: • most common childhood leukemia
• greater than 30% lymphoblasts in bone marrow or blood
• genetic anomaly - Philadelphia chromosome (between chromosomes 9 and 22)
• risk factors: prenatal x-ray exposure, postnatal exposure to high-dose radiation, viral
infections with HTLV-1 (can cause rare form of ALL and EBV), Down syndrome
Quiz: Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
o
o
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in the number given.
, Ans: • most common adult leukemia
• Down syndrome increases risk
• caused by abnormal proliferation of myeloid precursor cells, decreased rate of apoptosis,
arrest in cellular differentiation, mutation in the receptor tyrosine kinase FLT3
• risk factors include exposure to radiation, benzene, chemotherapy, hereditary conditions
Quiz: Manifestations of Acute Leukemia
Ans: • fatigue from anemia
• bleeding from thrombocytopenia (reduced platelets)
• fever from infection
• anorexia, weight loss, diminished sensitivity to sweet and sour tastes, muscle wasting,
difficulty swallowing
• CNS involvement
Quiz: Treatment of Acute Leukemia
Ans: • chemotherapy
• supportive measures (blood transfusions, abx, antifungals, antivirals)
• allopurinol which prevents production of uric acid (which is elevated from cellular death
due to treatment)
• stem cell transplantation
• bone marrow transplant
Quiz: Complications of Acute Leukemia
o
o
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