Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
MDC3 Final Study G m m m
uide
• Left Sided Heart Failure (left side: backs up into the lungs)
m m m m m m m m m m
Left atrium, Left ventricle, mitral valve, or aortic valve
m m m m m m m m
o Ejection fraction needed to dx LHF <40
m m m m m m
o Causes: HTN, Coronary artery disease (CAD), valvular disease
m m m m m m m
Education: restrict sodium, and possible fluid restriction, daily weigh
o
m m m m m m m m
t
(report 2lb in 1 night or 3-5lb in 1-
m m m m m m m m
week weight gain), report sleep sitting up, use pillows to prop themse
m m m m m m m m m m m
lves up, notify provider is increase swelling, and decreased activity to
m m m m m m m m m m
lerance, med compliance (no skipping Lasik’s)
m m m m m
o Signs and symptoms: increased BP and pooling of blood, pink froth
m m m m m m m m m m
ysputum, dyspnea and night, crackles, fatigue, pulmonary congestio
m m m m m m m m
n, crackles, wheezing
m m
o The main goal is to prevent exacerbation in chronic conditions
m m m m m m m m m
o Diagnosis: Ejection fraction (echocardiogram), Lab: BNP (flui
m m m m m m
doverload), Chest Xray, ECG
m m m m
o Interventions: Oxygen, position, assess lung sounds, assess VS
m m m m m m m
, cough, and deep breath
m m m m
o Tx: DASH Diet,
m m
▪ Medications: Overall goal is to manage fluid volume and hel
m m m m m m m m m
p the heart to control the fluid volume that is there.
m m m m m m m m m m
• Diuretics ---- Enhance selective excretion of various m m m m
electrolytes & water m m
Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
,Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
mLatest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m
o Loop: furosemide: monitor potassium and electrol
m m m m m
ytes, dehydration (monitor daily weight andI&O, s
m m m m m m m
kin turgor, MOITOR BP before giving). If IV pus
m m m m m m m m
h give slowly. Adverse effects: Tinnitus (chronic)
m m m m m m
o Thiazide: monitor potassium, possible supplements
m m m m
o Potassium Sparing- m
Spironolactone: Monitor POSTASSIUM –
m m m m
This is potassium sparing.
m m m m
• Ace inhibitors (-pril)
m m
• Arbs
• Beta Blockers (-olol): lowers HR
m m m m
Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
mLatest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m
,Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
• Digoxin --- Enhance Contractility, reduce HR, inhibit m m m m
sodium potassium m
o Complications: Fluid overload (Pulmonary Edema) m m m m
• Heart Failure in General
m m m
o Education: monitor daily weight, stay active, low sodium diet,
m m m m m m m m
possible fluid restrictions, Med adherence, avoid NSAID (can lead t
m m m m m m m m m
osodium and fluid retention)
m m m m
o What labs do you monitor for HF: BNP (if elevated anticipation tha
m m m m m m m m m m m
t diuretic because it is showing that the heart is stressed, and it sho
m m m m m m m m m m m m m
ws that more fluid is on the heart)
m m m m m m m
o Best tool for dx of HF in general-
m m m m m m m
m Echocardiogram. This looks at theblood flow m m m m m m
Difference between Left and Right HF: Left backs up into lungs, righ
m m m m m m m m m m m
t backs up into the rest of you. Right side of heart is systemic edema.
m m m m m m m m m m m m m m
Left side is pulmonary edema and the left will lead to the right. Know
m m m m m m m m m m m m m
the signs and symptoms of each and the differences between them
m m m m m m m m m m
o What else leads to heart failure in general: HTN, valve disorders, co
m m m m m m m m m m m
r pulmonal, smoking, DM, A Fib, MI.
m m m m m m
o PRIORITY IS ALWAYS YOUR ABC’s. m m m m
o End stage heart failure, the last treatment would be a transplant. The
m m m m m m m m m m m
y will also be on the LVAD. Education post-
m m m m m m m m
transplant: immunosuppressant (avoid large crows, infection, do not
m m m m m m m m
eat raw fishor meat, no fresh flowers hand washing, lab and med ad
m m m m m m m m m m m m m
Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
, Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
herence, watch for low grade fever), confusion
m m m m m m
o Hypertension with right sided HF, Hypotension with left sided HF
m m m m m m m m m
• Right sided heart Failure
m m m
o RF: Left sided HF (left ventricular failure), Right ventricular MI,
m m m m m m m m m
Lung disease, Pulmonary Hypertension, pulmonary fibrosi
m m m m m
s Right atrium
m m
Tricuspid Valve m m
Right ventricle m
Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
MDC3 Final Study G m m m
uide
• Left Sided Heart Failure (left side: backs up into the lungs)
m m m m m m m m m m
Left atrium, Left ventricle, mitral valve, or aortic valve
m m m m m m m m
o Ejection fraction needed to dx LHF <40
m m m m m m
o Causes: HTN, Coronary artery disease (CAD), valvular disease
m m m m m m m
Education: restrict sodium, and possible fluid restriction, daily weigh
o
m m m m m m m m
t
(report 2lb in 1 night or 3-5lb in 1-
m m m m m m m m
week weight gain), report sleep sitting up, use pillows to prop themse
m m m m m m m m m m m
lves up, notify provider is increase swelling, and decreased activity to
m m m m m m m m m m
lerance, med compliance (no skipping Lasik’s)
m m m m m
o Signs and symptoms: increased BP and pooling of blood, pink froth
m m m m m m m m m m
ysputum, dyspnea and night, crackles, fatigue, pulmonary congestio
m m m m m m m m
n, crackles, wheezing
m m
o The main goal is to prevent exacerbation in chronic conditions
m m m m m m m m m
o Diagnosis: Ejection fraction (echocardiogram), Lab: BNP (flui
m m m m m m
doverload), Chest Xray, ECG
m m m m
o Interventions: Oxygen, position, assess lung sounds, assess VS
m m m m m m m
, cough, and deep breath
m m m m
o Tx: DASH Diet,
m m
▪ Medications: Overall goal is to manage fluid volume and hel
m m m m m m m m m
p the heart to control the fluid volume that is there.
m m m m m m m m m m
• Diuretics ---- Enhance selective excretion of various m m m m
electrolytes & water m m
Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
,Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
mLatest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m
o Loop: furosemide: monitor potassium and electrol
m m m m m
ytes, dehydration (monitor daily weight andI&O, s
m m m m m m m
kin turgor, MOITOR BP before giving). If IV pus
m m m m m m m m
h give slowly. Adverse effects: Tinnitus (chronic)
m m m m m m
o Thiazide: monitor potassium, possible supplements
m m m m
o Potassium Sparing- m
Spironolactone: Monitor POSTASSIUM –
m m m m
This is potassium sparing.
m m m m
• Ace inhibitors (-pril)
m m
• Arbs
• Beta Blockers (-olol): lowers HR
m m m m
Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
mLatest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m
,Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
• Digoxin --- Enhance Contractility, reduce HR, inhibit m m m m
sodium potassium m
o Complications: Fluid overload (Pulmonary Edema) m m m m
• Heart Failure in General
m m m
o Education: monitor daily weight, stay active, low sodium diet,
m m m m m m m m
possible fluid restrictions, Med adherence, avoid NSAID (can lead t
m m m m m m m m m
osodium and fluid retention)
m m m m
o What labs do you monitor for HF: BNP (if elevated anticipation tha
m m m m m m m m m m m
t diuretic because it is showing that the heart is stressed, and it sho
m m m m m m m m m m m m m
ws that more fluid is on the heart)
m m m m m m m
o Best tool for dx of HF in general-
m m m m m m m
m Echocardiogram. This looks at theblood flow m m m m m m
Difference between Left and Right HF: Left backs up into lungs, righ
m m m m m m m m m m m
t backs up into the rest of you. Right side of heart is systemic edema.
m m m m m m m m m m m m m m
Left side is pulmonary edema and the left will lead to the right. Know
m m m m m m m m m m m m m
the signs and symptoms of each and the differences between them
m m m m m m m m m m
o What else leads to heart failure in general: HTN, valve disorders, co
m m m m m m m m m m m
r pulmonal, smoking, DM, A Fib, MI.
m m m m m m
o PRIORITY IS ALWAYS YOUR ABC’s. m m m m
o End stage heart failure, the last treatment would be a transplant. The
m m m m m m m m m m m
y will also be on the LVAD. Education post-
m m m m m m m m
transplant: immunosuppressant (avoid large crows, infection, do not
m m m m m m m m
eat raw fishor meat, no fresh flowers hand washing, lab and med ad
m m m m m m m m m m m m m
Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
, Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
herence, watch for low grade fever), confusion
m m m m m m
o Hypertension with right sided HF, Hypotension with left sided HF
m m m m m m m m m
• Right sided heart Failure
m m m
o RF: Left sided HF (left ventricular failure), Right ventricular MI,
m m m m m m m m m
Lung disease, Pulmonary Hypertension, pulmonary fibrosi
m m m m m
s Right atrium
m m
Tricuspid Valve m m
Right ventricle m
Rasmussen College: NURSING 2502/MDC3 Final Exam Study Guide
m m m m m m m
Latest 2021/2022,100% CORRECT
m m m
