Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced
g g g g g
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam | Q
g g g g g g g
uestions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)-
g g g g g g
Chamberlain
Whengisgitgusedg-gASCVDgRiskgScoreg-gANSWER-
Ingchildrengagscreeninggshouldgbegdonegbetweengagesg9gandg11gandgthenga
gaingatgagesg19gandg21.gForgadultsgeveryg5gyearsgaftergthegagegofg20.gSome
gpeoplegaregatggreatergriskglikegthosegwithgdiabetesgandgagriskgscoreggreater
gthang7.5%gandgshouldgbegscreenedgmoregoften
ezetimibe-gwhengcangitgbegused?g-gANSWER-
pregnancy/breastfeedinggcangbegusegingmonotherapygorgasgadjunctgtherapy
withgagstatingorgagfibrate
g
Whatgisgezetimibe?g-gANSWER-CholesterolgAbsorptiongInhibitor-
glowersgcholesterolglevelsgbygdecreasinggthegamountgofgcholesterolgthatgisg
absorbedgfromgthegsmallgintestine,gsogthatgtheregisglessgintestinalgcholeste
rolgdeliveredgtogthegliver.gDoesgnotgaffectgtriglycerides
lifestylegchangesgforghighgcholesterolg-gANSWER-
LifestylegchangesgaregnongdruggmeasuresgusedgtoglowergLDL.gFourgmaingi
ssuesgaregdiet,gexercise,gweightgcontrol,gandgsmokinggcessation
Ifgagpatientgwantedgtogminimizegsidegeffects,gwhichgdruggclassificationgisga
ggoodgchoice? g-gANSWER-Non-statins-
gfibrates,gEzetimibe,gBilegacidgsequestrants.gStatinsgareggenerallygwellgtole
ratedgandgsidegeffectsgareguncommon.gSomegpatientsgdevelopgheadache,gfl
atulence,gconstipation,gorgGIgdisturbances,gbutgthesegeffectsgaregusuallygmi
ldgandgtransient
, Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced
g g g g g
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam | Q
g g g g g g g
uestions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)-
g g g g g g
Chamberlain
Therapeuticgactiongofgorganicgnitratesg(nitroglycerin)g-gANSWER-
directgrelaxantgeffectgongvasculargsmoothgmuscles,gandgthegdilationgofgcor
onarygvesselsgimprovesgoxygengsupplygtogthegmyocardium.gThegdilationgo
fgperipheralgveins,gandginghighergdosesgperipheralgarteries,greducesgpreloa
dgandgafterload,gandgtherebyglowersgmyocardialgoxygengconsumption.
promotegvasodilation
Contraindicationsgforgranolazineg-gANSWER-
AgentsgthatginhibitgCYP3A4gcangincreasegtheglevelsgofgranolazinegandgt
herebygincreasegthegriskgofgtorsadesgdegpointes.gThesegthingsginclude:ggr
apefruitgjuice,gHIVgproteaseginhibitors,gmacrolidegantibiotics,gazoleganti
fungalgdrugs,gandgsomegCCB.gMostgCCBgbutgnotgamlodipinegcangincrea
seglevelsgofgranolazine.gDrugsgthatgprolonggthegQTgintervalgcangincrease
gthegriskgofgtorsadesgdegpointes.g(quinidine,gsotalol).
Atgwhatgagegcangstatinsgbegprescribed?g-gANSWER-
avoidgstatingusegingchildrengundergthegagegofg10
CCBgrolegwithgvariantganginag-gANSWER-
promotegrelaxationgofgcoronarygarterygspasm,gincreasinggcardiacgo
xygengsupply
whatgmedicationgcangbegaddedgforgpatientsgwithgworseninggsymptomsgofg
HF?g-gANSWER-aldosteronegantagonist-
gpromotesgmyocardialgremodelinggandgfibrosis,ghelpgwithgsymptoms
, Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced
g g g g g
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam | Q
g g g g g g g
uestions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)-
g g g g g g
Chamberlain
CCBgstableganginag-gANSWER-
promotegrelaxationgofgperipheralgarterioles,gdecreasinggafterloadgandg
reducinggcardiacgoxygengdemand
Ag41gyeargoldgpatientgcomesgintogthegclinicgcomplaininggofgincreasedgh
eartgrategaftergstartinggnitrogpatchesgforgstablegangina.gWhatgwouldganga
ppropriategresponsegbe?
1. letsglowergthegdosegandgfrequencygofguse
2. IgwillgprescribegagBBgtoghelpgwithgthis
3. Nextgtimegthisghappens,gliegdowngandgpracticegdeepgbreathing,gthisgwillg
bringgyourgheartgrategdowng-gANSWER-2-
gIgwillgprescribegagBBgtoghelpgwithgthis
WhatgdogCYP450ginhibitorsgandgreducersgdogwhengnotgusedgcorrectly
/whatgwouldgpatientgexperience?g-gANSWER-
increasedgsidegeffects,gadversegreactionsgandgtoxicity
Ag55gyeargoldgmalegcomesgintogthegclinicgwithgaggoutygarthritis.gHegstatesgt
hatgheghasgonegflareupgagyear.gYourgresponsegis:
1. Igwillgprescribegyougglucocorticoidsgtoghelpgwithginflammation
2. Letsgstartgyougongprophylacticgtherapygcolchicine.
3. ItgwillgbeghelpfulgtogtakegangNSAIDgtogstartgwithgtoghelpgrelivegsomegi
nflammation.gI'llgprescribegnaproxen.g-gANSWER-3-gingpatientsgwith
, Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced
g g g g g
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam | Q
g g g g g g g
uestions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)-
g g g g g g
Chamberlain
infrequentgflareups,gbeingglessgthangthreegpergyear,gtreatmentgofgsy
mptomsgisgallgthatsgneeded.gNSAIDSgaregthegfirstglinegagentgforgrel
ievinggpaingofgangacuteggoutgattack.
AgpatientgcomesgingstatinggthatghegtriedgNSAIDSgtogrelievegaggoutygattackg
butgitghasntghelped.gHegasks,g"whatgaregmygoptions?"gHegfurthergstatesgthat
gheghasgattacksgeverygfewgyearsgbutgwhenghegdoesgNSAIDSgdo gnotghelp.gY
ourgresponsegis:
1. Igcangprescribegagglucocorticoidg(prednisone)gandgthatgwillgbringgdowngt
heginflammationgandgpain.
2. HavegyourgtriedgincreasinggyourgdosagegofgNSAIDSgandgdrinkgplentyg
ofgwater?
3. Letsgstartgbygmakinggsomegchangesgingyourgdiet,gcangyougtellgmegwhatg
yougeatgregularly?g-gANSWER-1
3-gcangalsogbegcorrectgbutgBESTganswer
Colchicinegisgconsideredgforglonggtermgtreatmentgifgagpersonghasghowgman
yggoutygattacksgpergyear?g-gANSWER-threegorgmore
Colchicinegshouldgnotgbegtakengwithgwhatgmedications?g-gANSWER-
statins,gCYP3A4ginhibitors
g
adversegeffectsgofgcolchicineg-gANSWER-
nausea,gvomiting,gdiarrhea,gmyelosuppression,gmyopathy,grhabdomyolys
is
g g g g g
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam | Q
g g g g g g g
uestions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)-
g g g g g g
Chamberlain
Whengisgitgusedg-gASCVDgRiskgScoreg-gANSWER-
Ingchildrengagscreeninggshouldgbegdonegbetweengagesg9gandg11gandgthenga
gaingatgagesg19gandg21.gForgadultsgeveryg5gyearsgaftergthegagegofg20.gSome
gpeoplegaregatggreatergriskglikegthosegwithgdiabetesgandgagriskgscoreggreater
gthang7.5%gandgshouldgbegscreenedgmoregoften
ezetimibe-gwhengcangitgbegused?g-gANSWER-
pregnancy/breastfeedinggcangbegusegingmonotherapygorgasgadjunctgtherapy
withgagstatingorgagfibrate
g
Whatgisgezetimibe?g-gANSWER-CholesterolgAbsorptiongInhibitor-
glowersgcholesterolglevelsgbygdecreasinggthegamountgofgcholesterolgthatgisg
absorbedgfromgthegsmallgintestine,gsogthatgtheregisglessgintestinalgcholeste
rolgdeliveredgtogthegliver.gDoesgnotgaffectgtriglycerides
lifestylegchangesgforghighgcholesterolg-gANSWER-
LifestylegchangesgaregnongdruggmeasuresgusedgtoglowergLDL.gFourgmaingi
ssuesgaregdiet,gexercise,gweightgcontrol,gandgsmokinggcessation
Ifgagpatientgwantedgtogminimizegsidegeffects,gwhichgdruggclassificationgisga
ggoodgchoice? g-gANSWER-Non-statins-
gfibrates,gEzetimibe,gBilegacidgsequestrants.gStatinsgareggenerallygwellgtole
ratedgandgsidegeffectsgareguncommon.gSomegpatientsgdevelopgheadache,gfl
atulence,gconstipation,gorgGIgdisturbances,gbutgthesegeffectsgaregusuallygmi
ldgandgtransient
, Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced
g g g g g
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam | Q
g g g g g g g
uestions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)-
g g g g g g
Chamberlain
Therapeuticgactiongofgorganicgnitratesg(nitroglycerin)g-gANSWER-
directgrelaxantgeffectgongvasculargsmoothgmuscles,gandgthegdilationgofgcor
onarygvesselsgimprovesgoxygengsupplygtogthegmyocardium.gThegdilationgo
fgperipheralgveins,gandginghighergdosesgperipheralgarteries,greducesgpreloa
dgandgafterload,gandgtherebyglowersgmyocardialgoxygengconsumption.
promotegvasodilation
Contraindicationsgforgranolazineg-gANSWER-
AgentsgthatginhibitgCYP3A4gcangincreasegtheglevelsgofgranolazinegandgt
herebygincreasegthegriskgofgtorsadesgdegpointes.gThesegthingsginclude:ggr
apefruitgjuice,gHIVgproteaseginhibitors,gmacrolidegantibiotics,gazoleganti
fungalgdrugs,gandgsomegCCB.gMostgCCBgbutgnotgamlodipinegcangincrea
seglevelsgofgranolazine.gDrugsgthatgprolonggthegQTgintervalgcangincrease
gthegriskgofgtorsadesgdegpointes.g(quinidine,gsotalol).
Atgwhatgagegcangstatinsgbegprescribed?g-gANSWER-
avoidgstatingusegingchildrengundergthegagegofg10
CCBgrolegwithgvariantganginag-gANSWER-
promotegrelaxationgofgcoronarygarterygspasm,gincreasinggcardiacgo
xygengsupply
whatgmedicationgcangbegaddedgforgpatientsgwithgworseninggsymptomsgofg
HF?g-gANSWER-aldosteronegantagonist-
gpromotesgmyocardialgremodelinggandgfibrosis,ghelpgwithgsymptoms
, Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced
g g g g g
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam | Q
g g g g g g g
uestions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)-
g g g g g g
Chamberlain
CCBgstableganginag-gANSWER-
promotegrelaxationgofgperipheralgarterioles,gdecreasinggafterloadgandg
reducinggcardiacgoxygengdemand
Ag41gyeargoldgpatientgcomesgintogthegclinicgcomplaininggofgincreasedgh
eartgrategaftergstartinggnitrogpatchesgforgstablegangina.gWhatgwouldganga
ppropriategresponsegbe?
1. letsglowergthegdosegandgfrequencygofguse
2. IgwillgprescribegagBBgtoghelpgwithgthis
3. Nextgtimegthisghappens,gliegdowngandgpracticegdeepgbreathing,gthisgwillg
bringgyourgheartgrategdowng-gANSWER-2-
gIgwillgprescribegagBBgtoghelpgwithgthis
WhatgdogCYP450ginhibitorsgandgreducersgdogwhengnotgusedgcorrectly
/whatgwouldgpatientgexperience?g-gANSWER-
increasedgsidegeffects,gadversegreactionsgandgtoxicity
Ag55gyeargoldgmalegcomesgintogthegclinicgwithgaggoutygarthritis.gHegstatesgt
hatgheghasgonegflareupgagyear.gYourgresponsegis:
1. Igwillgprescribegyougglucocorticoidsgtoghelpgwithginflammation
2. Letsgstartgyougongprophylacticgtherapygcolchicine.
3. ItgwillgbeghelpfulgtogtakegangNSAIDgtogstartgwithgtoghelpgrelivegsomegi
nflammation.gI'llgprescribegnaproxen.g-gANSWER-3-gingpatientsgwith
, Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced
g g g g g
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam | Q
g g g g g g g
uestions and Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update)-
g g g g g g
Chamberlain
infrequentgflareups,gbeingglessgthangthreegpergyear,gtreatmentgofgsy
mptomsgisgallgthatsgneeded.gNSAIDSgaregthegfirstglinegagentgforgrel
ievinggpaingofgangacuteggoutgattack.
AgpatientgcomesgingstatinggthatghegtriedgNSAIDSgtogrelievegaggoutygattackg
butgitghasntghelped.gHegasks,g"whatgaregmygoptions?"gHegfurthergstatesgthat
gheghasgattacksgeverygfewgyearsgbutgwhenghegdoesgNSAIDSgdo gnotghelp.gY
ourgresponsegis:
1. Igcangprescribegagglucocorticoidg(prednisone)gandgthatgwillgbringgdowngt
heginflammationgandgpain.
2. HavegyourgtriedgincreasinggyourgdosagegofgNSAIDSgandgdrinkgplentyg
ofgwater?
3. Letsgstartgbygmakinggsomegchangesgingyourgdiet,gcangyougtellgmegwhatg
yougeatgregularly?g-gANSWER-1
3-gcangalsogbegcorrectgbutgBESTganswer
Colchicinegisgconsideredgforglonggtermgtreatmentgifgagpersonghasghowgman
yggoutygattacksgpergyear?g-gANSWER-threegorgmore
Colchicinegshouldgnotgbegtakengwithgwhatgmedications?g-gANSWER-
statins,gCYP3A4ginhibitors
g
adversegeffectsgofgcolchicineg-gANSWER-
nausea,gvomiting,gdiarrhea,gmyelosuppression,gmyopathy,grhabdomyolys
is
