SOUL BELIEFS EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
hunter-gatherer - Answers :focused on survival, living day-by-day, not concerned with
the afterlife
egalitarian - Answers :everyone has authority, no one tells anyone what to do
ancestor worship - Answers :brought tribes together through rituals and prayer to the
deceased
ritualized music - Answers :brought tribes together through dance, bonding and coming
together. a way to survive
immediate return system - Answers :minimum attention to the future, eat it now, not
later
Hadza tribe - Answers :grow no food, raise no livestock, without rules and calendars,
hunter and gatherer society for more than 10,000 years in Africa
Piraha tribe - Answers :Amazon tribe. Fiercely Egalitaria, immediate return system,
"getting ahead" is not a part of their world view
Gilgamesh - Answers :King of Uruk Mesopotamia, demigod of superhuman strength,
man who seemed immortality
Ancient Egypt - Answers :three essential elements of a person: Ka soul, Ba soul, Akh
Ka soul - Answers :A person's double, separated from the body at death
ba soul - Answers :part of the soul that could travel between the worlds of living and
dead
Akh - Answers :spirit that survived death and mingled with the gods
Homer - Answers :Greek author of the Lilad and the Oddessey in the 8th century
Pythagoras - Answers :Greek philosopher, started his own religion "pythaoreanism"--the
belief based on music, astronomy, and math
dualism - Answers :in philosophy, mind/body separation
monism - Answers :theory that denies the existence of dualist
irrational element - Answers :governed by our lower animalistic appetites, animalistic
part of the soul
, rational element - Answers :governed by higher reason, enables us to reason
ritual salvation - Answers :the first path to salvation in Hinduism
monotheism - Answers :belief in one G-D
polytheism - Answers :beliefs in many gods
monolatry - Answers :accepting the existence of the gods of defeated nations by
allowing them to be worshiped. allowing a group to keep a religion, allowing a nation
that is controlled by another to worship their own G-D
Plato - Answers :Greek philosopher, believed in recycled souls similar to Hinduism. The
soul is immortal; after death, the soul retains essential parts of a person; a true
philosopher is concerned with the soul and not the body; the soul is perfect, but can be
contaminated by the body (the body isn't a happy place for the soul); "will" allows one to
choose the "better" or "worse" part of the soul
Aristotle - Answers :Greek philosopher, believed that the soul is what gives every living
organism the floor plan to become what it is, is it the formative principle in every living
thing, the body exists for the soul. Studied under Plato, souls give us ability to imagine
other realities, rational soul, the soul doesn't exist without the body, but doesn't exist for
the body either
Hesiod - Answers :Alternative to Hades, warriors are sent to the Isle of Blest where
eternal life is good. Came up with description of isles of the Blest in 7th century BCE.
Claims there is an afterlife and there's no suffering, sorrow or death but only people with
the right credentials are admitted to this land of paradise. The good life was only
available to heroes who were killed in war combat. Story of "The blessed" (Isle of Blest)
Christianity - Answers :People born into the world of sin, salvation through Jesus Christ,
final judgement day, eternal damnation vs. salvation
Islam - Answers :There is no G-D but G-D. We are born pure and at death we are
visited by two angels. Soul gets final judgement on day of resurrection
Hinduism - Answers :Not a single religion, no particular founder or clear time of origin,
ultimate goal is to seek release from the cycle of rebirths and attain union with ultimate
reality
Judaism - Answers :Day of judgement with the garden of eden and gehinnom (hell). G-
D is the hallmark of monotheism. the one and only G-D that controls everything
Buddhism - Answers :World's third or fourth most popular religion. The four noble truths.
Everything is always changing, and this moment exists, the soul does not exist
hunter-gatherer - Answers :focused on survival, living day-by-day, not concerned with
the afterlife
egalitarian - Answers :everyone has authority, no one tells anyone what to do
ancestor worship - Answers :brought tribes together through rituals and prayer to the
deceased
ritualized music - Answers :brought tribes together through dance, bonding and coming
together. a way to survive
immediate return system - Answers :minimum attention to the future, eat it now, not
later
Hadza tribe - Answers :grow no food, raise no livestock, without rules and calendars,
hunter and gatherer society for more than 10,000 years in Africa
Piraha tribe - Answers :Amazon tribe. Fiercely Egalitaria, immediate return system,
"getting ahead" is not a part of their world view
Gilgamesh - Answers :King of Uruk Mesopotamia, demigod of superhuman strength,
man who seemed immortality
Ancient Egypt - Answers :three essential elements of a person: Ka soul, Ba soul, Akh
Ka soul - Answers :A person's double, separated from the body at death
ba soul - Answers :part of the soul that could travel between the worlds of living and
dead
Akh - Answers :spirit that survived death and mingled with the gods
Homer - Answers :Greek author of the Lilad and the Oddessey in the 8th century
Pythagoras - Answers :Greek philosopher, started his own religion "pythaoreanism"--the
belief based on music, astronomy, and math
dualism - Answers :in philosophy, mind/body separation
monism - Answers :theory that denies the existence of dualist
irrational element - Answers :governed by our lower animalistic appetites, animalistic
part of the soul
, rational element - Answers :governed by higher reason, enables us to reason
ritual salvation - Answers :the first path to salvation in Hinduism
monotheism - Answers :belief in one G-D
polytheism - Answers :beliefs in many gods
monolatry - Answers :accepting the existence of the gods of defeated nations by
allowing them to be worshiped. allowing a group to keep a religion, allowing a nation
that is controlled by another to worship their own G-D
Plato - Answers :Greek philosopher, believed in recycled souls similar to Hinduism. The
soul is immortal; after death, the soul retains essential parts of a person; a true
philosopher is concerned with the soul and not the body; the soul is perfect, but can be
contaminated by the body (the body isn't a happy place for the soul); "will" allows one to
choose the "better" or "worse" part of the soul
Aristotle - Answers :Greek philosopher, believed that the soul is what gives every living
organism the floor plan to become what it is, is it the formative principle in every living
thing, the body exists for the soul. Studied under Plato, souls give us ability to imagine
other realities, rational soul, the soul doesn't exist without the body, but doesn't exist for
the body either
Hesiod - Answers :Alternative to Hades, warriors are sent to the Isle of Blest where
eternal life is good. Came up with description of isles of the Blest in 7th century BCE.
Claims there is an afterlife and there's no suffering, sorrow or death but only people with
the right credentials are admitted to this land of paradise. The good life was only
available to heroes who were killed in war combat. Story of "The blessed" (Isle of Blest)
Christianity - Answers :People born into the world of sin, salvation through Jesus Christ,
final judgement day, eternal damnation vs. salvation
Islam - Answers :There is no G-D but G-D. We are born pure and at death we are
visited by two angels. Soul gets final judgement on day of resurrection
Hinduism - Answers :Not a single religion, no particular founder or clear time of origin,
ultimate goal is to seek release from the cycle of rebirths and attain union with ultimate
reality
Judaism - Answers :Day of judgement with the garden of eden and gehinnom (hell). G-
D is the hallmark of monotheism. the one and only G-D that controls everything
Buddhism - Answers :World's third or fourth most popular religion. The four noble truths.
Everything is always changing, and this moment exists, the soul does not exist
