Group dynamics
HOORCOLLEGE 1
Introduction
Kurt Lewin is the founder of the term Group Dynamics. Also the founder of social
Psychology. Known fort he formula B = f(P,E), where Behavior (B) of group
members is a function f of the interaction of ther personal charcateristics P with
environmental factors E, wich include features of the group, the group members,
and the situation.
= important
We kijken naar:
- How does being included vs, excluded from a group shapes feelings and
vehad=vios in the group?
- How do people influence each other in a group
- Do groups make better or worse decisions than individuals
- How to build good & effective groups
But isnt it all just common sense? no cus our intuities can be wrong
Do people become more or less helpfull after being excluded, and why?
Kan voor beide iets te zeggen zijn.
Do students become more or less group-seeking under stress vaak meer, want
de groep kan helpen of voor support zorgen.
Maar soms zorgt het mensen om je heen hebben voor meer stress omdat je je
bijvoorbeeld schaamt voor de stressgevende factor. Dan kan het nemen van een
sociaal huisdier erg helpen want dit zorgt voor sociale support maar niet voor de
evaluatie van jou,
Wich group is more productive: strong or weak ties (banden)
Gemiddeld gesproken: hoe meer cohesie hoe meer productief een groep KAN zijn,
maar vaak stellen zij andere prioriteiten (zorgen voor dat het gezellig is)
waardoor het minder productief word.
,Groep: two or more people who are connected and are inter-dependent, in the
sense that their needs and goals cause them to influence each other
Varieties of groups:
Primary groups: groups you were born in famalie, close friends, combat
squads
Social/secondary groups: small, interacting over long time (coworkers,
study friends)
Collective: large, similiraty in actions en outlook (movie crowd, people in a
line)
Categories: large, ponle have common attribute (people who live in the
netheralnd
Some characteristics of groups
Composition, boundaries, size
Type of group interaction
The way in whicht group members are interdependent (zie ppt)
Group unity
Group origin
Group structure
Aantal verbindingen in een groep maximaal n(n-1) / 2
Dus groep van 12 is maximaal 12*11/2=66
Types of group interaction
1. Task interaction
a. Focused on groups work/project
b. Coordination in needed
2. Relationship pnteraction
a. Emotional en personal bonds
b. Sustaining or undermining actions ( social support)
Maar kunt beargumenteren dat er meerdere types zijn , zoals bijvoorbeeld bij een
groep aansluiten om erachter te komen wie jij bent. Zit een beetje tussen de
andere 2 types in.
Interdependency
,Group unity
- Cohesiveness
o Solidatiry and unity of a group. The strength of ties in a group
o Often based on commitment to the groups purpose.
- Entitativity
o The perceived cohesiveness of a group
o Affected by similarity, proximity, common fate
Group origin
Planned
o Deliberetaly formed by the members or an external external
authority
Organized
Task focused
Formal
Clear boundary
Bv. hockeyteam
Emergent
o Comes in existenve spontaneously (people find themselves in the
same location of gradually over time interact with one another
repeatedly)
Bv. alle mensen op een schaatsbaan
Group structure
How is the group organized?
Who talks to whom? Who likes/dislikes whom? Whom people look to for help?
The roles, norms, and relationships between group members that organize the
group.
Roles: leader, follower, information seekers, information giver, compromiser
Norms: defined and re-negotiated over time. Conflicts often emerge as members
violate the norms
Why should we care?
Knowing about these (and other) dimensions allow us to predict outcomes How
group members feel in a group? How well a group work together? What are the
outcomes for a group?
,
HOORCOLLEGE 1
Introduction
Kurt Lewin is the founder of the term Group Dynamics. Also the founder of social
Psychology. Known fort he formula B = f(P,E), where Behavior (B) of group
members is a function f of the interaction of ther personal charcateristics P with
environmental factors E, wich include features of the group, the group members,
and the situation.
= important
We kijken naar:
- How does being included vs, excluded from a group shapes feelings and
vehad=vios in the group?
- How do people influence each other in a group
- Do groups make better or worse decisions than individuals
- How to build good & effective groups
But isnt it all just common sense? no cus our intuities can be wrong
Do people become more or less helpfull after being excluded, and why?
Kan voor beide iets te zeggen zijn.
Do students become more or less group-seeking under stress vaak meer, want
de groep kan helpen of voor support zorgen.
Maar soms zorgt het mensen om je heen hebben voor meer stress omdat je je
bijvoorbeeld schaamt voor de stressgevende factor. Dan kan het nemen van een
sociaal huisdier erg helpen want dit zorgt voor sociale support maar niet voor de
evaluatie van jou,
Wich group is more productive: strong or weak ties (banden)
Gemiddeld gesproken: hoe meer cohesie hoe meer productief een groep KAN zijn,
maar vaak stellen zij andere prioriteiten (zorgen voor dat het gezellig is)
waardoor het minder productief word.
,Groep: two or more people who are connected and are inter-dependent, in the
sense that their needs and goals cause them to influence each other
Varieties of groups:
Primary groups: groups you were born in famalie, close friends, combat
squads
Social/secondary groups: small, interacting over long time (coworkers,
study friends)
Collective: large, similiraty in actions en outlook (movie crowd, people in a
line)
Categories: large, ponle have common attribute (people who live in the
netheralnd
Some characteristics of groups
Composition, boundaries, size
Type of group interaction
The way in whicht group members are interdependent (zie ppt)
Group unity
Group origin
Group structure
Aantal verbindingen in een groep maximaal n(n-1) / 2
Dus groep van 12 is maximaal 12*11/2=66
Types of group interaction
1. Task interaction
a. Focused on groups work/project
b. Coordination in needed
2. Relationship pnteraction
a. Emotional en personal bonds
b. Sustaining or undermining actions ( social support)
Maar kunt beargumenteren dat er meerdere types zijn , zoals bijvoorbeeld bij een
groep aansluiten om erachter te komen wie jij bent. Zit een beetje tussen de
andere 2 types in.
Interdependency
,Group unity
- Cohesiveness
o Solidatiry and unity of a group. The strength of ties in a group
o Often based on commitment to the groups purpose.
- Entitativity
o The perceived cohesiveness of a group
o Affected by similarity, proximity, common fate
Group origin
Planned
o Deliberetaly formed by the members or an external external
authority
Organized
Task focused
Formal
Clear boundary
Bv. hockeyteam
Emergent
o Comes in existenve spontaneously (people find themselves in the
same location of gradually over time interact with one another
repeatedly)
Bv. alle mensen op een schaatsbaan
Group structure
How is the group organized?
Who talks to whom? Who likes/dislikes whom? Whom people look to for help?
The roles, norms, and relationships between group members that organize the
group.
Roles: leader, follower, information seekers, information giver, compromiser
Norms: defined and re-negotiated over time. Conflicts often emerge as members
violate the norms
Why should we care?
Knowing about these (and other) dimensions allow us to predict outcomes How
group members feel in a group? How well a group work together? What are the
outcomes for a group?
,
