1 of 79
Term
Which of the following is not required for transport of de novo fatty
acids to the adipose?
Give this one a try later!
LDL apoB100E receptor and LRP (LDL receptor related protein) 1. Enzyme hepatic
lipase has two roles: ligand to facilitate remnant uptake and hydrolyzes any
, remaining TAGs and phospholipids in the remnant itself. Chylomicron remnant is
broken down into its components.
After apoB48 is packaged with TAG and cholesterol, nascent chylomicrons undergo
modifications in the Golgi apparatus before being released from the cell. They are
released into the lymphatics through the chyle and enter the bloodstream through
the thoracic duct. In the case of VLDLs, they are released through the liver and
enter the bloodstream directly.
ApoCII is required for interaction with lipoprotein lipase, VLDLs transport
TAGs from liver, triacylglycerol is synthesized using glycerol 3 phosphate. But
carnitine isn't required here because it moves fatty acids to the mitochondria
for the process of beta oxidation in the fasted state. Carnitine is required for
metabolism rather than transport/storage.
Ketone bodies can be excreted in urine, expired by lungs to spontaneously
produce acetone, or used as a substrate to produce energy in extrahepatic tissues.
They can be taken up by tissues such as skeletal muscle, reconverted to acetyl CoA,
and used in the TCA cycle.
Don't know?
2 of 79
Definition
Carry fatty acids from de novo synthesis in liver. Fatty acids are
packaged into TAGs which are loaded into VLDL particles before
leaving the liver.
Give this one a try later!
, VLDLs Hdls
Chylomicrons What Are Tags?
Don't know?
3 of 79
Definition
All 27 carbons for cholesterol synthesis come from acetyl CoA.
Glucose is oxidized to pyruvate which is converted to acetyl CoA,
which condenses with oxaloacetate to produce citrate, which can be
shuttled out to the cytosol. Citrate is cleaved by citrate lyase back to
acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate., and it can be used for fatty acid and
cholesterol synthesis.
Give this one a try later!
Describe cholesterol synthesis. What is the process of ketogenesis?
How does the LDL receptor Cholesterol synthesis and
degrade? regulation
Don't know?
, 4 of 79
Term
When does fatty acid oxidation occur?
Give this one a try later!
It is a high energy yielding process
During periods of intense exercise that can support cellular needs in
and low carbohydrate intake fasting and when excess energy is
needed.
When glucose levels are elevated When glucagon is high and
and energy is abundant insulin is low
Don't know?
5 of 79
Definition
Major dietary lipids that are digested in the lumen of the intestine.
Intiail products are FFAs and 2 monoacylglycerols. They are
reconverted into TAGs in the intestinal epithelial cells and repackaged
into chylomicrons, which constitue most lipoproteins. Chylomicrons
contain TAGS, cholesterol, and fat soluble vitamins.
Give this one a try later!
Term
Which of the following is not required for transport of de novo fatty
acids to the adipose?
Give this one a try later!
LDL apoB100E receptor and LRP (LDL receptor related protein) 1. Enzyme hepatic
lipase has two roles: ligand to facilitate remnant uptake and hydrolyzes any
, remaining TAGs and phospholipids in the remnant itself. Chylomicron remnant is
broken down into its components.
After apoB48 is packaged with TAG and cholesterol, nascent chylomicrons undergo
modifications in the Golgi apparatus before being released from the cell. They are
released into the lymphatics through the chyle and enter the bloodstream through
the thoracic duct. In the case of VLDLs, they are released through the liver and
enter the bloodstream directly.
ApoCII is required for interaction with lipoprotein lipase, VLDLs transport
TAGs from liver, triacylglycerol is synthesized using glycerol 3 phosphate. But
carnitine isn't required here because it moves fatty acids to the mitochondria
for the process of beta oxidation in the fasted state. Carnitine is required for
metabolism rather than transport/storage.
Ketone bodies can be excreted in urine, expired by lungs to spontaneously
produce acetone, or used as a substrate to produce energy in extrahepatic tissues.
They can be taken up by tissues such as skeletal muscle, reconverted to acetyl CoA,
and used in the TCA cycle.
Don't know?
2 of 79
Definition
Carry fatty acids from de novo synthesis in liver. Fatty acids are
packaged into TAGs which are loaded into VLDL particles before
leaving the liver.
Give this one a try later!
, VLDLs Hdls
Chylomicrons What Are Tags?
Don't know?
3 of 79
Definition
All 27 carbons for cholesterol synthesis come from acetyl CoA.
Glucose is oxidized to pyruvate which is converted to acetyl CoA,
which condenses with oxaloacetate to produce citrate, which can be
shuttled out to the cytosol. Citrate is cleaved by citrate lyase back to
acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate., and it can be used for fatty acid and
cholesterol synthesis.
Give this one a try later!
Describe cholesterol synthesis. What is the process of ketogenesis?
How does the LDL receptor Cholesterol synthesis and
degrade? regulation
Don't know?
, 4 of 79
Term
When does fatty acid oxidation occur?
Give this one a try later!
It is a high energy yielding process
During periods of intense exercise that can support cellular needs in
and low carbohydrate intake fasting and when excess energy is
needed.
When glucose levels are elevated When glucagon is high and
and energy is abundant insulin is low
Don't know?
5 of 79
Definition
Major dietary lipids that are digested in the lumen of the intestine.
Intiail products are FFAs and 2 monoacylglycerols. They are
reconverted into TAGs in the intestinal epithelial cells and repackaged
into chylomicrons, which constitue most lipoproteins. Chylomicrons
contain TAGS, cholesterol, and fat soluble vitamins.
Give this one a try later!
