NSG 6440 Practice Test MAJORITY

NSG 6440 Practice Test MAJORITY A 27-year-old female presents with a chief complaint of burning and pain on urination. She has no previous history of urinary tract infection (UTI). What are some additional symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of lower UTI? a. Back and abdominal pain b. Fever, chills, costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness c. Blood in urine and frequency d. Foul-smelling discharge, perineal itch - ANSWER-c. Blood in urine and frequency .A 30-year-old patient presents with pain on urination. The urine microscopy of unspun urine showed greater than 10 leukocytes/mL, and a dipstick was positive for nitrites. What is probable diagnosis? a. Lower urinary tract infection b. Chlamydia infection c. Candidiasis d. Pyelonephritis - ANSWER-a. Lower urinary tract infection .A 34-year-old patient was treated for a urinary tract infection (UTI) and has not responded to antibiotic therapy. Which of the following actions should be taken next? a. Send a urine specimen for microscopy looking for fungal colonies. b. Increase the dose of antibiotic. c. Order a cytoscopy. d. Order a different antibiotic. - ANSWER-a. Send a urine specimen for microscopy looking for fungal colonies. .A 42-year-old male presents with the following lipid profile. He is not on any medications for cholesterol or herbal supplements. Total: 210 LDL: 145 TG 162 HDL 52 What medication would you recommend? a. Low dose statin b. Low dose bile acid sequestrant c. Low dose fibrate d. Fish oil - ANSWER-Low dose statin .A 42-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with fever, chills, vomiting, and severe dysuria. She is diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. How should this patient be managed? a. 3-day course of oral antibiotics b. Hospitalization c. Encourage cranberry juice intake d. 6-week course of antibiotics - ANSWER-b. Hospitalization .A 58 year old male presents to your office with an episode of chest tightness in his substernal area that radiated to his back while he was jogging. It was relieved with rest. Which of the following does this best describe? Acute myocardial infarction Gastroesophageal reflux disease Angina pectoris Acute costochondritis - ANSWER-Angina pectoris .A 72-year-old female presents to your office with gradual difficulty breathing, non-productive cough, bilateral swelling of her feet, and a 10 pound weight gain. Upon examination you hear crackles and rhonchi with an S3 heart sound. What is the most likely diagnosis? COPD Renal hypertension Congestive heart hailure Asthma - ANSWER-Congestive heart failure .A 78-year-old man is diagnosed with Stage D bladder cancer and asks the provider what that means. Which is the best response? a. "There is no such thing as Stage D cancer." b. "You have cancer that has spread to the surrounding tissue." c. "Your cancer has spread to other organs." d. "Your cancer can be cured by removing your bladder." - ANSWER-c. "Your cancer has spread to other organs." .A blood pressure (BP) of 142/92 is considered: a. Normal. b. Prehypertension. c. Stage 1 hypertension. d. Stage 2 hypertension. - ANSWER-c. Stage 1 hypertension. .A chronic cough lasts longer than: a. 3 weeks. b. 1 month c. 6 months. d. 1 year. - ANSWER-a. 3 weeks. .A Clean-catch, midstream urine sample for urinalysis may exhibit what characteristics? - ANSWER-Cloudy appearance Alkaline pH Hematuria Elevated levels of nitrites Leukocyte esterase Urine sediments of RBCs, WBCs, mucus, and bacterial overgrowth .A Delta wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) may be present in which condition? a. Prinzmetal's angina b. Bundle Branch Block c. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome d. Aortic stenosis - ANSWER-c. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome .A patient is seen in the clinic and diagnosed with Stage I renal cancer. The provider should refer to a nephrologist for which of these appropriate treatments? a. Chemotherapy b. Nephrectomy c. Palliative treatment d. Radiation - ANSWER-b. Nephrectomy .A patient is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of hematuria. Which of the following data should be collected in order to make a differential diagnosis? a. "Do you have a history of liver disease?" b. "What medications are you currently taking?" c. "Have you noticed swelling in your ankles?" d. All of the above - ANSWER-b. "What medications are you currently taking?" .A patient is seen in the clinic with hematuria confirmed on microscopic examination. The clinician should inquire about the ingestion of which of these substances that might be the cause of hematuria? a. NSAIDs b. Beets c. Vitamin A d. Red meat - ANSWER-a. NSAIDs .A patient is seen in the office complaining of severe flank pain. The clinician should assess this patient for which risk factors for kidney stones? a. Hypertension b. Constipation c. Tubal ligation d. Diabetes - ANSWER-a. Hypertension