NR 226 Final Exam – Test Questions And Answers –
n n n n n n n n n
All Correct!! n n
CriticalnThinkingnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-Continuousnprocessncharacterizednbynopen-
mindedness,ncontinualninquiry,nandnperseverance
n-
Recognizingnthat nannissuenexists,nanalyzingninformation,nevaluatingninformation,nandnmaki
ngnconclusionsnusingnansystematicnapprach
CriticalnthinkingnskillsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnInterpretationn
Analysisn
Inferencen
Evaluationn
Explanationn
Self-regulation
Ancriticalnthinkernconsidersnwhat nthings? nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnWhat nisnimportant ninneachnclinical nsituation
Imaginesnandnexploresnalternatives,nconsidersnethicalnprinciples,nandnmakesninformedndeci
sionsnabout nthencarenofnpatients
AspectsnofncriticalnthinkingnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnReflectionn
Languagen
Intuition
LevelsnofncriticalnthinkingnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnCommitment n(leveln3),-
nresultsnfromnannexpert nlevel nofnknowledge, nexperience, ndeveloped nintuition,nandnreflectiven
flexiblenattitudesn
Complexn(leveln2)-
nexpressesnautonomynbynanalyzing nand nexamining ndatanto ndeterminenbest nalternatives
Basicn(leveln1)-nresultsnfromnlimitednknowledgenandnexperience
ComponentsnofncriticalnthinkingnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnKnowledgenbase
Experiencen
Competencen
Attitudesn
Standards
ADPIEnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnAssessment-nwhat nyounsee,nhear,nfeel,ntouchnandnsmell
Diagnosis-nNANDA
Planning-nset nrealisticngoals,nandnoutcomesnandnidentifynappropriatennursingnactions
Implementation-nperformnthennursingnactionsnidentifiedninnplanning
Evaluation-ndeterminenifngoalsnandnexpectednoutcomesnwerenachieved
,Howndonyounknownifnyoundelegatenvsnnot ndelegatentask?`nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnYour nongoing nassessmentsnofnyour npatients, nthenprioritiesnofneach, nfollowing ndelegation ng
uidelinesnandnonlyndelegatingninterventionsnwithinnthendelegatesntrainingnandnability
What nisnconcept nmappingnandnhownisnit nhelpful? nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnA nvisual nrepresentation nofnpatient nproblemsnandninterventionsnthat nshowsntheir nrelationshi
psntononenanother
-
primarynpurposenofnconcept nmappingnisntonbetternsynthesizenrelevant ndatanabout nanpatient,n
includingnassessment ndata,nnursingndiagnoses,nhealthnneeds,nnursingninterventions,nandne
valuationnmeasures
Howncannreflectivenjournalingnbenhelpfulntonannurse? nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnA ntool nusednto nclarifynconceptsnthrough nreflectionnbynthinking nbacknor nrecalling nsituation
-Givesnthenchancentondefinenandnexpressnclinicalnexperiencesninnownnwords
HIPPA nPrivacynRulennnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnGivenpatientsnnewnrightsnto naccessntheir nmedical nrecords, nrestrictnaccessnbynothers, nreques
t nchanges,nandnlearnnhownthey'renaccessedn
Restrict nmost ndisclosuresnofnprotectednhealthninformationn(PHI)ntonminimumnneedednfornhe
althncarentreatment nandnbusinessnoperations
Allnpatientsnarenformallynnotifiednofncoverednentities'nprivacynpractices
EnablenpatientsntondecidenwhontheynincludeninndisclosurenofntheirnPHInfornusesnothernthanntr
eatment nornhealthncarenbusinessnoperations
EstablishnnewncriminalnandncivilnsanctionsnfornimpropernusenorndisclosurenofnPHI
Establishnnewnrequirementsnfornaccessntonrecordsnbynresearchersnandnothers
Establishnbusinessnassociatenagreementsnwithnbusinessnpartnersnwhonsafeguardntheirnusena
ndndisclosurenofnPHI
InnregardsntonHIPPA ninnthenworkplacenwhat nisnimportant ntonrememberntonhelpnprotect nyourn
patientsnprivacy? nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-
Onlynshareninformationnwithnwhonpatient ngivesnpermissionntoo.nIfnpatient nhasnalterednLOCnu
senbest njudgement
-
Donnot ndisplaynpatients'nidentifyingninformationn(name,nsocialnsecuritynnumber,naddress,nte
lephonennumber)ninnpublicnplaces
-
Computernworkstationsnshouldnbenpasswordnprotectednagencyncanntracknwhonisnaccessingn
patients'nrecords
-
Bensurentonsignnoffnfromnyournworkstationneachntimenyounleaventhenconsolensonthat nothersnd
onnot nusenyournpassword
-Keepncomputernworkstationsnshieldednfromnothersnview
-Shrednunkept nmedicalnrecordsnsonprivacynofnPHInisnmaintained
,-Communicatenorallynquietlynthosennot ninvolvedninnpatient'sncarencant nhearnyou
-WhenntransferringnPHInvianfaxnorncomputer,nfollownyournagency'snpoliciesnandnprocedures.
-
Communicatenbyntelephonenusingnanprivatenline,nandnverifynidentitynofnpersonnornagencynrec
eivingninformation
PQRSTU nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nn*PQRSTU* nstandsnfor n*P*rovocativenor npalliative, n*Q*uality nornquantity,n*R*egion nor nradi
ation,n*S*everitynscale,n*T*iming,nandn*U*nderstandingnthenpatient'snperceptionnofnthenpr
oblem.
CommunicablendiseasennnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnInfectiousndiseasentransmitted nfromnonenpersonnto nanother
SymptomaticninfectionnvsnAsymptomaticninfectionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnSymptomatic:n
-Pathogensnmultiplynandncausenclinicalnsignsnandnsymptoms
Asymptomatic:
-Absent nofnsignsnandnsymptoms
ChainnofninfectionnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnInfectiousnagent nornpathogenn
Reservoirnornsourcenfornpathogenn
Portalnofnexit n
Modenofntransmissionn
Portalnofnentryn
Susceptiblenhost
ModesnofntransmissionnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnDirect-nPersonntonpersonn
Personntonsource
Indirect-nPersonntoninanimatenobject
Droplet-nCoughing,nsneezing,ntalkingn(lgnparticlenonlyn3ft)
Airborne-nDroplet nnucleinornresiduensuspendedninnairncarriednonndust nparticles
Vehicles-nFood,nwater,ndrugs,nandnsolutions,nblood,nfomites
Vector-nExternalntransfern
Internalntransmissionn(parasitic)
Mosquito,nlouse,nflea,ntick
StandardnprecautionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nndesigned nto nbenusednfor nthencarenofnall npatients, ninnall nsettings, nregardlessnofnrisknor npresu
medninfectionnstatus.
-Includes-
nUsenofnPPEnwhennthennursenmaynbenexposed nto nor nisnhandilingnblood, nblood nproducts, nbody
nfluids, nsecretions/excretions, nnon-intact nskin, nor nmucousnmembranes
Examples-nHIV nandnAIDS
, Contact nprecautionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-
glovesnandngownn(wearnmask,nandnorngogglesnonlynifnneeded)
-doornclosed,nprivatenroomnorncohort npatients
-Direct/Indirect ncontact nwithnpatient nandntheirnenvironment-c-diff,nMRSA,nherpes,nVRE
Droplet nprecautionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-Wearnmasknwhennwithinn3nfeet nofnpatient
-Door-closednprivatenroomnorncohort npatients
-Dropletsnlargernthann5nmicrons
-nFlu,nStrepnpharyngitis,npneumonia,nmeningitis
Protectivenenvironment nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnAppliesntonsignificantlynimmuno-
compromisednpatients
-positivenairflownwithnHEPA nfiltrationnfornincomingnair
AirbornenprecautionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-nN95nmask
-negativenairnpressurenroomn(HEPAnfilterednandnflowsntonoutside)n
-Privatenroomnwithndoornshut
-transmittednbynsmallndropletsn<5
-nTB,nmeasles,nvaricella
SterilenfieldnincludesnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-1ninchnmargins
-Sterilengloves
-Nevernturningnyournbacknonnthenfield
-Handsnaboventhenwaist nlevel
-AppropriatenPPE
-Drynsurfacenarea
AerobicnbacterianVS.nAnaerobicnbacteriannnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnAerobic:n
Requirenoxygennfornsurvivalnandnfornmultiplicationnsufficient ntoncausendisease
Anaerobic:
Thrivenwherenlittlenornnonfreenoxygennisnavailable
BacteriostasisnVS.nBactericidal nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnBacteriostasis:
Preventionnofngrowthnandnreproductionnofnbacteria
Bactericidal:
Destructiventonbacteria
StagesnofninfectiousnprocessnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnIncubationnperiod-
nInterval nbetweennentrancenofnpathogen ninto nbodynandnappearancenofnfirst nsymptoms
Prodromalnstage-nIntervalnfromnonset nofnnonspecificnsignsnandnsymptoms
Fullnstagenofnillness-
nInterval nwhennpatient nmanifestsnsignsnandnsymptomsnspecificnto ntypenofninfection
Convalescent nperiod-nIntervalnwhennacutensymptomsnofninfectionndisappear
n n n n n n n n n
All Correct!! n n
CriticalnThinkingnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-Continuousnprocessncharacterizednbynopen-
mindedness,ncontinualninquiry,nandnperseverance
n-
Recognizingnthat nannissuenexists,nanalyzingninformation,nevaluatingninformation,nandnmaki
ngnconclusionsnusingnansystematicnapprach
CriticalnthinkingnskillsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnInterpretationn
Analysisn
Inferencen
Evaluationn
Explanationn
Self-regulation
Ancriticalnthinkernconsidersnwhat nthings? nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnWhat nisnimportant ninneachnclinical nsituation
Imaginesnandnexploresnalternatives,nconsidersnethicalnprinciples,nandnmakesninformedndeci
sionsnabout nthencarenofnpatients
AspectsnofncriticalnthinkingnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnReflectionn
Languagen
Intuition
LevelsnofncriticalnthinkingnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnCommitment n(leveln3),-
nresultsnfromnannexpert nlevel nofnknowledge, nexperience, ndeveloped nintuition,nandnreflectiven
flexiblenattitudesn
Complexn(leveln2)-
nexpressesnautonomynbynanalyzing nand nexamining ndatanto ndeterminenbest nalternatives
Basicn(leveln1)-nresultsnfromnlimitednknowledgenandnexperience
ComponentsnofncriticalnthinkingnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnKnowledgenbase
Experiencen
Competencen
Attitudesn
Standards
ADPIEnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnAssessment-nwhat nyounsee,nhear,nfeel,ntouchnandnsmell
Diagnosis-nNANDA
Planning-nset nrealisticngoals,nandnoutcomesnandnidentifynappropriatennursingnactions
Implementation-nperformnthennursingnactionsnidentifiedninnplanning
Evaluation-ndeterminenifngoalsnandnexpectednoutcomesnwerenachieved
,Howndonyounknownifnyoundelegatenvsnnot ndelegatentask?`nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnYour nongoing nassessmentsnofnyour npatients, nthenprioritiesnofneach, nfollowing ndelegation ng
uidelinesnandnonlyndelegatingninterventionsnwithinnthendelegatesntrainingnandnability
What nisnconcept nmappingnandnhownisnit nhelpful? nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnA nvisual nrepresentation nofnpatient nproblemsnandninterventionsnthat nshowsntheir nrelationshi
psntononenanother
-
primarynpurposenofnconcept nmappingnisntonbetternsynthesizenrelevant ndatanabout nanpatient,n
includingnassessment ndata,nnursingndiagnoses,nhealthnneeds,nnursingninterventions,nandne
valuationnmeasures
Howncannreflectivenjournalingnbenhelpfulntonannurse? nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnA ntool nusednto nclarifynconceptsnthrough nreflectionnbynthinking nbacknor nrecalling nsituation
-Givesnthenchancentondefinenandnexpressnclinicalnexperiencesninnownnwords
HIPPA nPrivacynRulennnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnGivenpatientsnnewnrightsnto naccessntheir nmedical nrecords, nrestrictnaccessnbynothers, nreques
t nchanges,nandnlearnnhownthey'renaccessedn
Restrict nmost ndisclosuresnofnprotectednhealthninformationn(PHI)ntonminimumnneedednfornhe
althncarentreatment nandnbusinessnoperations
Allnpatientsnarenformallynnotifiednofncoverednentities'nprivacynpractices
EnablenpatientsntondecidenwhontheynincludeninndisclosurenofntheirnPHInfornusesnothernthanntr
eatment nornhealthncarenbusinessnoperations
EstablishnnewncriminalnandncivilnsanctionsnfornimpropernusenorndisclosurenofnPHI
Establishnnewnrequirementsnfornaccessntonrecordsnbynresearchersnandnothers
Establishnbusinessnassociatenagreementsnwithnbusinessnpartnersnwhonsafeguardntheirnusena
ndndisclosurenofnPHI
InnregardsntonHIPPA ninnthenworkplacenwhat nisnimportant ntonrememberntonhelpnprotect nyourn
patientsnprivacy? nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-
Onlynshareninformationnwithnwhonpatient ngivesnpermissionntoo.nIfnpatient nhasnalterednLOCnu
senbest njudgement
-
Donnot ndisplaynpatients'nidentifyingninformationn(name,nsocialnsecuritynnumber,naddress,nte
lephonennumber)ninnpublicnplaces
-
Computernworkstationsnshouldnbenpasswordnprotectednagencyncanntracknwhonisnaccessingn
patients'nrecords
-
Bensurentonsignnoffnfromnyournworkstationneachntimenyounleaventhenconsolensonthat nothersnd
onnot nusenyournpassword
-Keepncomputernworkstationsnshieldednfromnothersnview
-Shrednunkept nmedicalnrecordsnsonprivacynofnPHInisnmaintained
,-Communicatenorallynquietlynthosennot ninvolvedninnpatient'sncarencant nhearnyou
-WhenntransferringnPHInvianfaxnorncomputer,nfollownyournagency'snpoliciesnandnprocedures.
-
Communicatenbyntelephonenusingnanprivatenline,nandnverifynidentitynofnpersonnornagencynrec
eivingninformation
PQRSTU nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nn*PQRSTU* nstandsnfor n*P*rovocativenor npalliative, n*Q*uality nornquantity,n*R*egion nor nradi
ation,n*S*everitynscale,n*T*iming,nandn*U*nderstandingnthenpatient'snperceptionnofnthenpr
oblem.
CommunicablendiseasennnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nnInfectiousndiseasentransmitted nfromnonenpersonnto nanother
SymptomaticninfectionnvsnAsymptomaticninfectionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnSymptomatic:n
-Pathogensnmultiplynandncausenclinicalnsignsnandnsymptoms
Asymptomatic:
-Absent nofnsignsnandnsymptoms
ChainnofninfectionnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnInfectiousnagent nornpathogenn
Reservoirnornsourcenfornpathogenn
Portalnofnexit n
Modenofntransmissionn
Portalnofnentryn
Susceptiblenhost
ModesnofntransmissionnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnDirect-nPersonntonpersonn
Personntonsource
Indirect-nPersonntoninanimatenobject
Droplet-nCoughing,nsneezing,ntalkingn(lgnparticlenonlyn3ft)
Airborne-nDroplet nnucleinornresiduensuspendedninnairncarriednonndust nparticles
Vehicles-nFood,nwater,ndrugs,nandnsolutions,nblood,nfomites
Vector-nExternalntransfern
Internalntransmissionn(parasitic)
Mosquito,nlouse,nflea,ntick
StandardnprecautionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-
nndesigned nto nbenusednfor nthencarenofnall npatients, ninnall nsettings, nregardlessnofnrisknor npresu
medninfectionnstatus.
-Includes-
nUsenofnPPEnwhennthennursenmaynbenexposed nto nor nisnhandilingnblood, nblood nproducts, nbody
nfluids, nsecretions/excretions, nnon-intact nskin, nor nmucousnmembranes
Examples-nHIV nandnAIDS
, Contact nprecautionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-
glovesnandngownn(wearnmask,nandnorngogglesnonlynifnneeded)
-doornclosed,nprivatenroomnorncohort npatients
-Direct/Indirect ncontact nwithnpatient nandntheirnenvironment-c-diff,nMRSA,nherpes,nVRE
Droplet nprecautionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-Wearnmasknwhennwithinn3nfeet nofnpatient
-Door-closednprivatenroomnorncohort npatients
-Dropletsnlargernthann5nmicrons
-nFlu,nStrepnpharyngitis,npneumonia,nmeningitis
Protectivenenvironment nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnAppliesntonsignificantlynimmuno-
compromisednpatients
-positivenairflownwithnHEPA nfiltrationnfornincomingnair
AirbornenprecautionsnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-nN95nmask
-negativenairnpressurenroomn(HEPAnfilterednandnflowsntonoutside)n
-Privatenroomnwithndoornshut
-transmittednbynsmallndropletsn<5
-nTB,nmeasles,nvaricella
SterilenfieldnincludesnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nn-1ninchnmargins
-Sterilengloves
-Nevernturningnyournbacknonnthenfield
-Handsnaboventhenwaist nlevel
-AppropriatenPPE
-Drynsurfacenarea
AerobicnbacterianVS.nAnaerobicnbacteriannnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnAerobic:n
Requirenoxygennfornsurvivalnandnfornmultiplicationnsufficient ntoncausendisease
Anaerobic:
Thrivenwherenlittlenornnonfreenoxygennisnavailable
BacteriostasisnVS.nBactericidal nnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnBacteriostasis:
Preventionnofngrowthnandnreproductionnofnbacteria
Bactericidal:
Destructiventonbacteria
StagesnofninfectiousnprocessnnnnnnnnnCorrect nansnnn-nnIncubationnperiod-
nInterval nbetweennentrancenofnpathogen ninto nbodynandnappearancenofnfirst nsymptoms
Prodromalnstage-nIntervalnfromnonset nofnnonspecificnsignsnandnsymptoms
Fullnstagenofnillness-
nInterval nwhennpatient nmanifestsnsignsnandnsymptomsnspecificnto ntypenofninfection
Convalescent nperiod-nIntervalnwhennacutensymptomsnofninfectionndisappear
