SED Test 1 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
What is a disability? - ANSWERS• Anyone with a physical or mental impairment that
substantially limits one or more of the major life activities: -walking -hearing -breathing -seeing -
speaking -standing -thinking -working -sitting -learning -self-care
Having a disability... - ANSWERSAn individual has cognitive, physical or emotional characteristics
that may affect the way they interact with their environment • Each one of us is unique and
share some characteristics
Impairment versus disability - ANSWERSImpairment = the actual manifestation of a disability •
Disability and the environment
What not to call someone with a disability: - ANSWERSHandicapped, Crippled, Retarded,
Wheelchair-bound, Disabled
Words disabled people find acceptable: - ANSWERSDisabled people / person, Wheelchair user,
Accessible toilet, Non - disabled people, Person with an impairment / conditions, People with
learning disability, Do you have specific needs?
What is special education? - ANSWERSVehicle for children with disabilities to receive an
education. Designed to help them reach their learning potential. Customized instructional
programming designed to meet the unique needs of the individual learner. May use:
Equipment, Technologies, Services, Instructional Strategies
Special Education is... - ANSWERSNot a location, Services, Providers of special education: Special
education teachers, General education teachers, Para-educators, Related service providers ,
Professionals, Specialists, Collaboration!
,IDEA - ANSWERSIndividuals with Disabilities Education Act, Federal special education law,
Specifies 13 categories of eligibility, Eligible for: Resources, Services, Supports, Funding is both
state and federal
13 Disability Categories - ANSWERSAutism, Deaf-blindness, Deafness, Emotional disturbance,
Hearing impairment, Intellectual disability, Multiple disabilities, Orthopedic impairment, Other
health impairment, Specific learning disability, Speech or language impairment, Traumatic brain
injury, Visual impairment (including blindness)
Why label? - ANSWERSPros: Access to services and supports
Cons: stigmatization, lower expectations
How many students with disabilities are there? - ANSWERS• US Department of Education
• Prevalence rates
• Low incidence: Relatively few, Autism, Physical disabilities, Other health impairments, Severe
and multiple disabilities, Vision impairment, Hearing impairments, Deaf-blindness, High
Incidence: Large numbers of students, Learning Disabilities, Speech Language impairments,
Emotional disturbance, Intellectual disability
Trends in Special Education - ANSWERSThe US Government keeps track of how many students
receive special education services each year
• Number of children receiving special education grew rapidly
• Approximately 3.5 million in the 1976-77 school year
• Approximately 7 million during the 2004-05 school year.
• For the past decade the population of students receiving special education has stabilized.
Early History-1800's - ANSWERSLate 18th - Early 19th centuries
• No documentation prior to 1700's
,• Archeological artifacts show disabilities did exist
• Disability mentioned in Islamic and JudeaChristian Scriptures: Blind, Deaf
• Down syndrome described 2,500 years ago
• Wide variation in ways people were perceived and treated by others
History- continued - ANSWERS• Progress began
• Schools started in Europe in 1800s
• Schools started in United States in 1800s
• First school for children with deafness in 1817
• First school for children with visual impairments in 1832
"Wild Boy of Aveyron" - ANSWERS1799
• Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard, French physician
• Aveyron, France
• Wild child raised by wolves in the woods
• Believed to be a "hopeless idiot"
"Wild Boy" continued - ANSWERSCame to Paris, France
• Named wild boy, Victor
• Thought to be a teenager
• Most likely abandoned by his parents
• Itard believed learning difficulties stemmed from lack of learning opportunities
• Thought Victor simply needed someone to teach him
• Itard believed the knowledge came through the senses
• Victor: Could not speak, Exhibited animal like behavior, Would not sleep in a bed, Would not
wear clothes, Would not eat cooked meat, Victor made strides
, • Itard grew tired of too slow progress
Father of Special Education - ANSWERS• First person to: Keep detailed records of progress, Keep
detailed records of his teaching methods, Measure a child's progress against goals and
objectives • Special Education is...Implementing instructions, Keeping a record of a child's
progress on how they respond to the instructions
Contribution - ANSWERS• Not from demonstrating effective teaching methods
• Rather challenging the belief that nothing could be done for learning disabilities
• Itard legitimized the belief that people with intellectual disability could profit from educational
opportunities
Limited Success, However... - ANSWERS• First person to document instructional efforts
• Work went on to inspire many others to provide special education
• Ushered in a period of optimism
Louis Braille - ANSWERS• Early 1800's
• Blind
• Student at the Paris Residential School
• Developed an alphabet code made up of 6 raised dots
• Position of the dots represented different letters
Louis Braille - continued - ANSWERS• Lost vision due to an accident
• Poked his eyes with his father's awls
• Used the awl to develop the raised dot system of Braille
• System ignored by the school he attended
• Wide use came 2 years after his death
ANSWERS
What is a disability? - ANSWERS• Anyone with a physical or mental impairment that
substantially limits one or more of the major life activities: -walking -hearing -breathing -seeing -
speaking -standing -thinking -working -sitting -learning -self-care
Having a disability... - ANSWERSAn individual has cognitive, physical or emotional characteristics
that may affect the way they interact with their environment • Each one of us is unique and
share some characteristics
Impairment versus disability - ANSWERSImpairment = the actual manifestation of a disability •
Disability and the environment
What not to call someone with a disability: - ANSWERSHandicapped, Crippled, Retarded,
Wheelchair-bound, Disabled
Words disabled people find acceptable: - ANSWERSDisabled people / person, Wheelchair user,
Accessible toilet, Non - disabled people, Person with an impairment / conditions, People with
learning disability, Do you have specific needs?
What is special education? - ANSWERSVehicle for children with disabilities to receive an
education. Designed to help them reach their learning potential. Customized instructional
programming designed to meet the unique needs of the individual learner. May use:
Equipment, Technologies, Services, Instructional Strategies
Special Education is... - ANSWERSNot a location, Services, Providers of special education: Special
education teachers, General education teachers, Para-educators, Related service providers ,
Professionals, Specialists, Collaboration!
,IDEA - ANSWERSIndividuals with Disabilities Education Act, Federal special education law,
Specifies 13 categories of eligibility, Eligible for: Resources, Services, Supports, Funding is both
state and federal
13 Disability Categories - ANSWERSAutism, Deaf-blindness, Deafness, Emotional disturbance,
Hearing impairment, Intellectual disability, Multiple disabilities, Orthopedic impairment, Other
health impairment, Specific learning disability, Speech or language impairment, Traumatic brain
injury, Visual impairment (including blindness)
Why label? - ANSWERSPros: Access to services and supports
Cons: stigmatization, lower expectations
How many students with disabilities are there? - ANSWERS• US Department of Education
• Prevalence rates
• Low incidence: Relatively few, Autism, Physical disabilities, Other health impairments, Severe
and multiple disabilities, Vision impairment, Hearing impairments, Deaf-blindness, High
Incidence: Large numbers of students, Learning Disabilities, Speech Language impairments,
Emotional disturbance, Intellectual disability
Trends in Special Education - ANSWERSThe US Government keeps track of how many students
receive special education services each year
• Number of children receiving special education grew rapidly
• Approximately 3.5 million in the 1976-77 school year
• Approximately 7 million during the 2004-05 school year.
• For the past decade the population of students receiving special education has stabilized.
Early History-1800's - ANSWERSLate 18th - Early 19th centuries
• No documentation prior to 1700's
,• Archeological artifacts show disabilities did exist
• Disability mentioned in Islamic and JudeaChristian Scriptures: Blind, Deaf
• Down syndrome described 2,500 years ago
• Wide variation in ways people were perceived and treated by others
History- continued - ANSWERS• Progress began
• Schools started in Europe in 1800s
• Schools started in United States in 1800s
• First school for children with deafness in 1817
• First school for children with visual impairments in 1832
"Wild Boy of Aveyron" - ANSWERS1799
• Jean-Marc Gaspard Itard, French physician
• Aveyron, France
• Wild child raised by wolves in the woods
• Believed to be a "hopeless idiot"
"Wild Boy" continued - ANSWERSCame to Paris, France
• Named wild boy, Victor
• Thought to be a teenager
• Most likely abandoned by his parents
• Itard believed learning difficulties stemmed from lack of learning opportunities
• Thought Victor simply needed someone to teach him
• Itard believed the knowledge came through the senses
• Victor: Could not speak, Exhibited animal like behavior, Would not sleep in a bed, Would not
wear clothes, Would not eat cooked meat, Victor made strides
, • Itard grew tired of too slow progress
Father of Special Education - ANSWERS• First person to: Keep detailed records of progress, Keep
detailed records of his teaching methods, Measure a child's progress against goals and
objectives • Special Education is...Implementing instructions, Keeping a record of a child's
progress on how they respond to the instructions
Contribution - ANSWERS• Not from demonstrating effective teaching methods
• Rather challenging the belief that nothing could be done for learning disabilities
• Itard legitimized the belief that people with intellectual disability could profit from educational
opportunities
Limited Success, However... - ANSWERS• First person to document instructional efforts
• Work went on to inspire many others to provide special education
• Ushered in a period of optimism
Louis Braille - ANSWERS• Early 1800's
• Blind
• Student at the Paris Residential School
• Developed an alphabet code made up of 6 raised dots
• Position of the dots represented different letters
Louis Braille - continued - ANSWERS• Lost vision due to an accident
• Poked his eyes with his father's awls
• Used the awl to develop the raised dot system of Braille
• System ignored by the school he attended
• Wide use came 2 years after his death
