1. Which of the following is considered the basic
unit of life?
A. Atom
B. Molecule
C. Cell
D. Organ
o Answer: C
o Rationale: Cells are the fundamental membrane-
bound units that contain the molecules of life and
constitute all living things (Cell | Definition, Types,
Functions, Diagram, Division, Theory, & Facts |
Britannica).
2. Who first articulated the cell theory stating that all
living organisms are composed of cells?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann
C. Robert Hooke
D. Rudolf Virchow
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Schleiden and Schwann proposed
that cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in plants and animals, respectively (Cell
theory | Definition, History, Importance,
Scientists, First Proposed, & Facts | Britannica).
3. Which level of organization is directly above
‘tissue’?
, A. Cell
B. Organ
C. Organ system
D. Molecule
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Tissues combine to form organs,
which perform specific functions in the body.
4. Homeostasis refers to the body’s ability to:
A. Grow
B. Reproduce
C. Maintain stable internal conditions
D. Metabolize nutrients
o Answer: C
o Rationale: Homeostasis is the dynamic
equilibrium of physiological variables such as
temperature and pH.
2. Cell Structure and Function
5. Which organelle is responsible for ATP
production?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
o Answer: C
, o Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through
oxidative phosphorylation.
6. Which cell structure controls the movement of
substances into and out of the cell?
A. Cell wall
B. Plasma membrane
C. Cytoplasm
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The plasma membrane is a
selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer
regulating transport (Cell (biology)).
7. What is the function of ribosomes?
A. Lipid synthesis
B. Protein synthesis
C. DNA replication
D. Energy storage
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into
polypeptide chains.
8. Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA
replication?
A. G₁ phase
B. S phase
C. G₂ phase
D. M phase
unit of life?
A. Atom
B. Molecule
C. Cell
D. Organ
o Answer: C
o Rationale: Cells are the fundamental membrane-
bound units that contain the molecules of life and
constitute all living things (Cell | Definition, Types,
Functions, Diagram, Division, Theory, & Facts |
Britannica).
2. Who first articulated the cell theory stating that all
living organisms are composed of cells?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann
C. Robert Hooke
D. Rudolf Virchow
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Schleiden and Schwann proposed
that cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in plants and animals, respectively (Cell
theory | Definition, History, Importance,
Scientists, First Proposed, & Facts | Britannica).
3. Which level of organization is directly above
‘tissue’?
, A. Cell
B. Organ
C. Organ system
D. Molecule
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Tissues combine to form organs,
which perform specific functions in the body.
4. Homeostasis refers to the body’s ability to:
A. Grow
B. Reproduce
C. Maintain stable internal conditions
D. Metabolize nutrients
o Answer: C
o Rationale: Homeostasis is the dynamic
equilibrium of physiological variables such as
temperature and pH.
2. Cell Structure and Function
5. Which organelle is responsible for ATP
production?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
o Answer: C
, o Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through
oxidative phosphorylation.
6. Which cell structure controls the movement of
substances into and out of the cell?
A. Cell wall
B. Plasma membrane
C. Cytoplasm
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The plasma membrane is a
selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer
regulating transport (Cell (biology)).
7. What is the function of ribosomes?
A. Lipid synthesis
B. Protein synthesis
C. DNA replication
D. Energy storage
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into
polypeptide chains.
8. Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA
replication?
A. G₁ phase
B. S phase
C. G₂ phase
D. M phase
