NUR 1172 Nutrition Exam 1 Study Guide / NUR1172 Nutrition Exam 1 Study Guide(LATEST, 2020): Nutritional Principles in Nursing: Rasmussen College(Updated Guide, Download to Score A)

NUR 1172 Nutrition Exam 1 Study Guide
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Chapter 2


I. Digestion

A. Movement of food through the digestive tract

1. Muscular

a. Mouth – mastication. Swallowing involves mouth and pharynx. Brain

once started cannot be stopped.

b. Esophagus – connects mouth and throat with stomach.moves by

peristaltic

(1) Upper esophageal sphincter (UES): controls entry of food bolus into

esophagus.

(2) Lower esophageal sphincter (LES): controls food into stomach

c. Stomach

(1) Kneading and churning: moves food to pyloric valve by peristatic

d. Small intestine

(1) Peristalsis:

e. End Products of Digestion



Carbohydrate Glucose, fructose, and galactose (monosaccharides)




Fat Fatty acids, monoglycerides, diglycerides, and glycerol




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, NUR 1172 Nutrition Exam 1 Study Guide
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Protein Amino acids, dipeptides




2. Chemical

a. Mouth:

(1) Salivary amylase

(2) Saliva: moisten food particles, releases lingual lipase ( fat digestion)

(3) Mucous

b. Stomach

(1) hydrochloric acid: creates a acidic environemt for certain enzymes to

work.

(2) Mucus: protects stomach lining from the HCL. Binds and mixes food.

(3) Enzymes: pepsin break downs proteins. Activated by HCL. Gastric

lipase.




c. Small intestine: regulatory center.

(1) Enzymes:

a. certain enzymes act on specific macronutrients to bring their

final breakdown so the body can use and absorb them.

(2) Mucus:



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