AQA GCSE PHYSICS PAPER1 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+ GUARANTEED SUCCESS
What is thermal conductivity?
A measure of how quickly energy is transferred through a material via conduction
How can work be done?
When a current flows or by a force moving an object
Kinetic energy formula
E=1/2mv²
Kinetic energy(J) = 0.5 x mass(kg) x speed²(m/s)
Gravitational potential energy formula
E=mgh
G.P.E(J) = mass(kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg) x height (m)
What is convection?
Where energetic particles move away from hotter to cooler regions
Energy is transferred to the thermal energy stores of the object and is shared across
the kinetic stores
What do radiators create?
Convection currents
Convection currents - process
1) Energy is transferred from the radiator to the nearby air particles by conduction
2) The air by the radiator becomes warmer and less dense as the particles move
quicker
3) The warm air rises and displaces the cooler air, which is then heated by the
radiator
1
,4) The previously heated air transfers energy to the surroundings - the air cools,
becomes denser and sinks
What happens when an object falls and there's no air resistance?
Energy lost from the g.p.e store = energy gained in the kinetic energy store
What does air resistance do when acting against falling objects?
It causes some energy to be transferred to other energy stores e.g. the thermal energy
stores of the object and the surroundings
Elastic potential energy formula
E=1/2ke²
E.P.E(J) = 0.5 x spring constant(N/m) x extension²(m)
What is SHC?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
SHC formula
E=mcθ
Change in thermal energy(J) = mass(kg) x SHC(J/kg/°C) x temperature change(°C)
What is the conservation of energy principle?
Energy can be transferred usefully, or stored or dissipated (wasted energy), but can
never be created or destroyed
What is power?
The rate of energy transfer, or the rate of doing work
What is 1W equal to?
1J of energy transferred per second
Power Equation 1
E=Pt
2
, Energy transferred(J) = power(W) x time(s)
Power Equation 2
W=Pt
Work done(J) = power(W) x time(s)
What has pressure from the public & other countries led to?
Pressure being put on energy providers to build new power plants that use renewable
resources to ensure that they don't lose business & money
What is the use of renewables limited by?
1) Reliability - since some energy resources aren't that reliable, a combination of
different power plants would have to be used - expensive
2) Money - building new power plants costs money, the cost of switching to
renewable power will have to be paid & some people don't want to or can't afford to
pay
3) Politics - companies and governments can't force people to change their behaviour
What happens when a system changes?
Energy is transferred - it can be transferred into/away from the system, between
different objects in the system or between different types of energy stores
Why are wind turbines unlikely to be able to power everything in the UK?
1) Large numbers of turbines would need to be built - takes up space & is expensive
2) Not always windy - the same amount of electrical power won't be produced every
day
What is electric current?
The flow of electrical charge
What is electric current measured in?
Amps
What is potential difference?
Voltage - it pushes the electric charge around the circuit
3
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+ GUARANTEED SUCCESS
What is thermal conductivity?
A measure of how quickly energy is transferred through a material via conduction
How can work be done?
When a current flows or by a force moving an object
Kinetic energy formula
E=1/2mv²
Kinetic energy(J) = 0.5 x mass(kg) x speed²(m/s)
Gravitational potential energy formula
E=mgh
G.P.E(J) = mass(kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg) x height (m)
What is convection?
Where energetic particles move away from hotter to cooler regions
Energy is transferred to the thermal energy stores of the object and is shared across
the kinetic stores
What do radiators create?
Convection currents
Convection currents - process
1) Energy is transferred from the radiator to the nearby air particles by conduction
2) The air by the radiator becomes warmer and less dense as the particles move
quicker
3) The warm air rises and displaces the cooler air, which is then heated by the
radiator
1
,4) The previously heated air transfers energy to the surroundings - the air cools,
becomes denser and sinks
What happens when an object falls and there's no air resistance?
Energy lost from the g.p.e store = energy gained in the kinetic energy store
What does air resistance do when acting against falling objects?
It causes some energy to be transferred to other energy stores e.g. the thermal energy
stores of the object and the surroundings
Elastic potential energy formula
E=1/2ke²
E.P.E(J) = 0.5 x spring constant(N/m) x extension²(m)
What is SHC?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
SHC formula
E=mcθ
Change in thermal energy(J) = mass(kg) x SHC(J/kg/°C) x temperature change(°C)
What is the conservation of energy principle?
Energy can be transferred usefully, or stored or dissipated (wasted energy), but can
never be created or destroyed
What is power?
The rate of energy transfer, or the rate of doing work
What is 1W equal to?
1J of energy transferred per second
Power Equation 1
E=Pt
2
, Energy transferred(J) = power(W) x time(s)
Power Equation 2
W=Pt
Work done(J) = power(W) x time(s)
What has pressure from the public & other countries led to?
Pressure being put on energy providers to build new power plants that use renewable
resources to ensure that they don't lose business & money
What is the use of renewables limited by?
1) Reliability - since some energy resources aren't that reliable, a combination of
different power plants would have to be used - expensive
2) Money - building new power plants costs money, the cost of switching to
renewable power will have to be paid & some people don't want to or can't afford to
pay
3) Politics - companies and governments can't force people to change their behaviour
What happens when a system changes?
Energy is transferred - it can be transferred into/away from the system, between
different objects in the system or between different types of energy stores
Why are wind turbines unlikely to be able to power everything in the UK?
1) Large numbers of turbines would need to be built - takes up space & is expensive
2) Not always windy - the same amount of electrical power won't be produced every
day
What is electric current?
The flow of electrical charge
What is electric current measured in?
Amps
What is potential difference?
Voltage - it pushes the electric charge around the circuit
3
