TNCC 8TH EDITION EXAM 10 LATEST VERSIONS (VERSION A & B) 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+VERIFIED
According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or force? - ANSNeither. For each force there is an
equal and opposite reaction.
Define Cushing's triad - ANSBradycardia, progressive hypertension (widening pulse pressure), and decreased
respiratory effort
Define the characteristics of neurogenic shock - ANSDistributive shock with a T6 or higher injury results and
vasodilation, bradycardia, flushed warm dry skin. Risk for temperature instability. Nursing interventions include
maintaining warmth and spinal stabilization.
Define the characteristics of spinal shock - ANSTransient loss of function can include loss of reflexes and muscle
tone below the level of industry with possible vascular response.
Describe one fat embolism syndrome is most likely to occur in its characteristics - ANSWith longform fractures.
Tachycardia, Thrombocytopenia, and petechiae rash.
Describe the characteristics of cardiogenic shock - ANSCardiogenic shock results from pump failure in the presence
of adequate intravascular volume. Lack of cardiac output and an organ perfusion occurs secondary to a decrease in
myocardial contractility and or valvular insufficiency. This can happen with blunt cardiac trauma or an MI. Symptoms
can include low blood pressure increase heart rate and respiratory rate chest pain shortness of breath dysrhythmias
increase troponin and pale cool moist skin
Describe the characteristics of distributive shock. - ANSDistributive shock occurs as a result of Mel distribution of an
adequate circulating blood volume with the loss of vascular tone or increased permeability. This can occur with spinal
cord injuries, sepsis, or anaphylaxis. Symptoms include low blood pressure heart rate respiratory rate preload and
afterload, spinal tenderness, difficulty breathing, warm pink and dry skin with a cool core temperature.
Describe the characteristics of hypovolemic shock - ANSHypovolemia is caused by a decrease in the amount of
circulating volume usually caused by massive bleeding, but also can be from vomiting and diarrhea. Characteristics
include low blood pressure and preload, increase heart rate respiratory rate and afterload, with contractility
unchanged. Signs include obvious bleeding, weak peripheral pulses, pale cool and moist skin, distended abdomen,
pelvic fracture, or bruise swollen and deformed extremities especially long bones.
Describe the characteristics of obstructive shock - ANSObstructive shock is it mechanical problem that results from
hypoperfusion of the tissue due to an obstruction in either the vasculature or the heart resulting in decreased cardiac
output. Some causes include a tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, or venous air embolism on the right side
of the heart during systole in the pulmonary artery.Signs include anxiety, muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypertension,
chest pain, difficulty breathing, or pulses paradoxes.
Describe the four types of spinal cord injury - ANSCentral cord injury results in greater weakness distally, anterior
injury includes motor loss or weakness below the cord level of injury yet sensory is intact, Brown-Sequard (hemicord)
is weak on one side with sensory deficit on opposite side, posterior cord syndrome although rare is when the patient
is unable to use sense vibration in proprioception
Describe the measurement of an NPA - ANSMeasure from the tip of the patient's nose to the tip of the patients
earlobe.
Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence. - ANSThe first impact occurs when the
vehicle collided with another object. The second impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant continues to
move in the original direction of travel until they collide with the interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third
impact occurs when internal structures collide within the body cavity.
Measurement of an OPA - ANSPlace the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct at the corner of the mouth to
the tip of the mandibular angle.
Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement - ANSPlacement of a CO2 monitoring device, Assessing for equal
chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium and four lung fields for equal breath sounds.
,TNCC 8TH EDITION EXAM 10 LATEST VERSIONS (VERSION A & B) 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+VERIFIED
True or false: NPAs and OPAs are definitive airways. - ANSFalse. When placing one of these? One should consider
the potential need for a definitive airway.
What are contributing factors to injuries related to blunt traumas? - ANSThe point of impact on the patient's body, the
type of surface that is hit, the tissues ability to resist (bone versus soft tissue, air-filled versus solid organs), and the
trajectory of force.
What are the early signs of increased Intracranial pressure - ANSheadache, vomiting, behavioral changes that begin
with restlessness and may progress to confusion, drowsiness, or impaired judgment
What are the four types of shock? - ANSHypovolemic, Cardiogenic, Obstructive, & Distributive
What are the four types of trauma related injuries? - ANSBlunt, penetrating, thermal, or blast.
What are the greatest risks for transport? - ANSLoss of airway patency, displaced obstructive tubes lines or
catheters, dislodge splinting devices, need to replace or reinforce dressings, deterioration in patient status change in
vital signs or level of consciousness, injury to the patient and/or team members
What are the late signs of Increased intracranial pressure - ANSdilated, non-reactive pupil(s); abnormal motor
posturing (flexion, extension, flaccidity); Cushing's triad, Unresponsive to per verbal and painful stimuli, bradycardia
and decreased respiratory effort
What are the seven patterns of pathway injuries related to motor vehicle accidents? - ANSUp and over, down and
under, lateral, rotational, rear, roll over, and ejection.
What are the signs and symptoms of decompensated shock? - ANSDecreased level of consciousness, hypertension,
narrow pulse pressure, tachycardia with weak pulses, tachypnea, skin that is cool clammy and cyanotic, base access
outside the normal range, and serum lactate levels greater than two to 4MMOL/L.
What are the signs and symptoms of irreversible shock? - ANSObtunded stuporous or comatose state, marked
hypertension and heart failure, bradycardia with possible dysrhythmias, decreased and shallow respiratory rate, pale
cool and clammy skin, kidney liver and other organ failure, severe acidosis, elevated lactic acid levels, worsening
base access on ABGs, coagulopathies with petechiae purpura or bleeding.
What are the signs of compensated shock? - ANSAnxiety, confusion, restlessness, increased respiratory rate,
narrowing pulse pressure were diastolic increases yet systolic remains unchanged, tachycardia with bounding pulses,
and decreased urinary output
What are the symptoms of a subdural hematoma? - ANSDecreased LOC, nausea vomiting headache and ipsilateral
pupillary changes
What are the three factors that contribute to the damage caused by penetrating trauma's? - ANSThe point of impact,
the velocity and speed of impact, and the proximity to the object.
What are the three processes that transfer oxygen from the air to the lungs and blood stream - ANSVentilation: the
active mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs; diffusion: the passive movement of gases from an area
of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; and perfusion: the movement of blood to and from the
lungs as a delivery medium of oxygen to the entire body.
What are the three stages of shock - ANSCompensated, decompensated or progressive, and irreversible.
What are the treatment goals for a TBI? - ANSO2 saturation > or equal to 95%, systolic blood pressure > or equal to
100 MMHG, ICP < 15 MMHG, CPP > or equal to 60 MMHG, normal glycemia, hemoglobin > or equal to 7 g/DL,
sodium 135-145, osmotic diuretics, anti-emetics, sedatives, anticonvulsants, head of bed at 30°, and neck at midline
What causes quarternary effects of blast traumas? - ANSAll explosion related injuries, illnesses, or diseases not due
to the first three mechanisms. Injuries include external and internal burns, crush injuries, closed and open brain
injuries, asthmatic or breathing problems from dust smoke or toxic fumes, angina, or hyper glycemia and
hypertension.
,TNCC 8TH EDITION EXAM 10 LATEST VERSIONS (VERSION A & B) 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+VERIFIED
What causes quinary effects of blasts traumas? - ANSThose associated with exposure to hazardous materials from
radioactive, biologic, or chemical components of a blast. Injuries include a variety of health effects depending on
agent.
What causes the primary effects of blast traumas? - ANSThe direct blast effects. Types of injuries include last long,
tympanic membrane rupture and middle ear damage, abdominal hemorrhage and perforation, global rupture, mild
Trumatic brain injury.
What causes the secondary effects of blast traumas? - ANSProjectiles propelled by the explosion. Injuries include
penetrating or blunt injuries or I penetration.
What causes the tertiary effects of blast traumas? - ANSResults from individuals being thrown by the blast wind.
Injuries include hole or partial body translocation from being thrown against a hard service: blunt or penetrating
trauma's, fractures, traumatic amputations.
What is a trademark symptom of an epidural hematoma - ANSLoss of consciousness then awake and alert then loss
of consciousness
What is bending? - ANSLoading about an axis. Bending causes compression on the side the person is bending
toward intention to the opposite side
What is combined loading? - ANSAny combination of tension compression torsion bending and/or shear.
What is compression? - ANSCrushing by squeezing together
What is Cullen's sign and its significance? - ANSCullens sign is periumbilical bruising and is indicative of
intraperitoneal bleeding
What is shearing? - ANSDamage by tearing or bending by exerting faucet different parts in opposite directions at the
same time.
What is tension? - ANSstretching force by pulling at opposite ends
What is the minimum permissive hypertension and a trauma patient? - ANSA systolic of greater than or equal to 90
MMHG
What is the minimum permissive oxygenation level of a trauma patient? - ANSGreater than or equal to 94%
What is the Munro-Kellie doctrine? - ANSWithin the skull 80% his brain, 10% is blood, and 10% is CSF. Any increase
of any of the products results in increased intracranial pressure.
What is the recommended fluid bolus for a trauma? - ANS500 ML's of warmed isotonic crystalloid. Ongoing fluid
boluses of 500 ML's should be given judiciously with constant reassessments after administration.
What is the relationship between mass and velocity to kinetic energy? - ANSKinetic energy is equal to 1/2 the mass
multiplied the square of its velocity therefore when mass is doubled so is the net energy, however, when velocity is
doubled energy is quadrupled.
What is the trauma triad of death? - ANShypothermia, acidosis, coagulopathy
What is torsion? - ANSTorsion forces twist ends in opposite directions.
When capnography measurement reads greater than 45MMHG, the nurse should consider increasing or decreasing
the ventilation rate? - ANSIncreasing the ventilation rate. Doing so would allow the patient to blow off retained CO2.
When capnography measurement reads less than 35MMHG, the nurse should consider increasing or decreasing the
ventilation rate? - ANSDecreasing the ventilation rate. By doing so, the nurse allows the patient to retain CO2.
When would you use a nasopharyngeal airway versus an oral pharyngeal airway? - ANSNasopharyngeal airways is
contraindicated in patients with facial trauma or a suspected basilar skull fracture. Oral pharyngeal airways is used in
, TNCC 8TH EDITION EXAM 10 LATEST VERSIONS (VERSION A & B) 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+VERIFIED
unresponsive patients unable to maintain their airway, without a gag reflex as a temporary measure to facilitate
ventilation with a bag mask device or spontaneous ventilation until the patient can be intubated. According to newtons
law which of these two force is greater: size or force? - ANSNeither. For each force there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
Define Cushing's triad - ANSBradycardia, progressive hypertension (widening pulse pressure), and decreased
respiratory effort
Define the characteristics of neurogenic shock - ANSDistributive shock with a T6 or higher injury results and
vasodilation, bradycardia, flushed warm dry skin. Risk for temperature instability. Nursing interventions include
maintaining warmth and spinal stabilization.
Define the characteristics of spinal shock - ANSTransient loss of function can include loss of reflexes and muscle
tone below the level of industry with possible vascular response.
Describe one fat embolism syndrome is most likely to occur in its characteristics - ANSWith longform fractures.
Tachycardia, Thrombocytopenia, and petechiae rash.
Describe the characteristics of cardiogenic shock - ANSCardiogenic shock results from pump failure in the presence
of adequate intravascular volume. Lack of cardiac output and an organ perfusion occurs secondary to a decrease in
myocardial contractility and or valvular insufficiency. This can happen with blunt cardiac trauma or an MI. Symptoms
can include low blood pressure increase heart rate and respiratory rate chest pain shortness of breath dysrhythmias
increase troponin and pale cool moist skin
Describe the characteristics of distributive shock. - ANSDistributive shock occurs as a result of Mel distribution of an
adequate circulating blood volume with the loss of vascular tone or increased permeability. This can occur with spinal
cord injuries, sepsis, or anaphylaxis. Symptoms include low blood pressure heart rate respiratory rate preload and
afterload, spinal tenderness, difficulty breathing, warm pink and dry skin with a cool core temperature.
Describe the characteristics of hypovolemic shock - ANSHypovolemia is caused by a decrease in the amount of
circulating volume usually caused by massive bleeding, but also can be from vomiting and diarrhea. Characteristics
include low blood pressure and preload, increase heart rate respiratory rate and afterload, with contractility
unchanged. Signs include obvious bleeding, weak peripheral pulses, pale cool and moist skin, distended abdomen,
pelvic fracture, or bruise swollen and deformed extremities especially long bones.
Describe the characteristics of obstructive shock - ANSObstructive shock is it mechanical problem that results from
hypoperfusion of the tissue due to an obstruction in either the vasculature or the heart resulting in decreased cardiac
output. Some causes include a tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, or venous air embolism on the right side
of the heart during systole in the pulmonary artery.Signs include anxiety, muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypertension,
chest pain, difficulty breathing, or pulses paradoxes.
Describe the four types of spinal cord injury - ANSCentral cord injury results in greater weakness distally, anterior
injury includes motor loss or weakness below the cord level of injury yet sensory is intact, Brown-Sequard (hemicord)
is weak on one side with sensory deficit on opposite side, posterior cord syndrome although rare is when the patient
is unable to use sense vibration in proprioception
Describe the measurement of an NPA - ANSMeasure from the tip of the patient's nose to the tip of the patients
earlobe.
Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence. - ANSThe first impact occurs when the
vehicle collided with another object. The second impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant continues to
move in the original direction of travel until they collide with the interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third
impact occurs when internal structures collide within the body cavity.
Measurement of an OPA - ANSPlace the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct at the corner of the mouth to
the tip of the mandibular angle.
Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement - ANSPlacement of a CO2 monitoring device, Assessing for equal
chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium and four lung fields for equal breath sounds.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+VERIFIED
According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or force? - ANSNeither. For each force there is an
equal and opposite reaction.
Define Cushing's triad - ANSBradycardia, progressive hypertension (widening pulse pressure), and decreased
respiratory effort
Define the characteristics of neurogenic shock - ANSDistributive shock with a T6 or higher injury results and
vasodilation, bradycardia, flushed warm dry skin. Risk for temperature instability. Nursing interventions include
maintaining warmth and spinal stabilization.
Define the characteristics of spinal shock - ANSTransient loss of function can include loss of reflexes and muscle
tone below the level of industry with possible vascular response.
Describe one fat embolism syndrome is most likely to occur in its characteristics - ANSWith longform fractures.
Tachycardia, Thrombocytopenia, and petechiae rash.
Describe the characteristics of cardiogenic shock - ANSCardiogenic shock results from pump failure in the presence
of adequate intravascular volume. Lack of cardiac output and an organ perfusion occurs secondary to a decrease in
myocardial contractility and or valvular insufficiency. This can happen with blunt cardiac trauma or an MI. Symptoms
can include low blood pressure increase heart rate and respiratory rate chest pain shortness of breath dysrhythmias
increase troponin and pale cool moist skin
Describe the characteristics of distributive shock. - ANSDistributive shock occurs as a result of Mel distribution of an
adequate circulating blood volume with the loss of vascular tone or increased permeability. This can occur with spinal
cord injuries, sepsis, or anaphylaxis. Symptoms include low blood pressure heart rate respiratory rate preload and
afterload, spinal tenderness, difficulty breathing, warm pink and dry skin with a cool core temperature.
Describe the characteristics of hypovolemic shock - ANSHypovolemia is caused by a decrease in the amount of
circulating volume usually caused by massive bleeding, but also can be from vomiting and diarrhea. Characteristics
include low blood pressure and preload, increase heart rate respiratory rate and afterload, with contractility
unchanged. Signs include obvious bleeding, weak peripheral pulses, pale cool and moist skin, distended abdomen,
pelvic fracture, or bruise swollen and deformed extremities especially long bones.
Describe the characteristics of obstructive shock - ANSObstructive shock is it mechanical problem that results from
hypoperfusion of the tissue due to an obstruction in either the vasculature or the heart resulting in decreased cardiac
output. Some causes include a tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, or venous air embolism on the right side
of the heart during systole in the pulmonary artery.Signs include anxiety, muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypertension,
chest pain, difficulty breathing, or pulses paradoxes.
Describe the four types of spinal cord injury - ANSCentral cord injury results in greater weakness distally, anterior
injury includes motor loss or weakness below the cord level of injury yet sensory is intact, Brown-Sequard (hemicord)
is weak on one side with sensory deficit on opposite side, posterior cord syndrome although rare is when the patient
is unable to use sense vibration in proprioception
Describe the measurement of an NPA - ANSMeasure from the tip of the patient's nose to the tip of the patients
earlobe.
Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence. - ANSThe first impact occurs when the
vehicle collided with another object. The second impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant continues to
move in the original direction of travel until they collide with the interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third
impact occurs when internal structures collide within the body cavity.
Measurement of an OPA - ANSPlace the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct at the corner of the mouth to
the tip of the mandibular angle.
Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement - ANSPlacement of a CO2 monitoring device, Assessing for equal
chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium and four lung fields for equal breath sounds.
,TNCC 8TH EDITION EXAM 10 LATEST VERSIONS (VERSION A & B) 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+VERIFIED
True or false: NPAs and OPAs are definitive airways. - ANSFalse. When placing one of these? One should consider
the potential need for a definitive airway.
What are contributing factors to injuries related to blunt traumas? - ANSThe point of impact on the patient's body, the
type of surface that is hit, the tissues ability to resist (bone versus soft tissue, air-filled versus solid organs), and the
trajectory of force.
What are the early signs of increased Intracranial pressure - ANSheadache, vomiting, behavioral changes that begin
with restlessness and may progress to confusion, drowsiness, or impaired judgment
What are the four types of shock? - ANSHypovolemic, Cardiogenic, Obstructive, & Distributive
What are the four types of trauma related injuries? - ANSBlunt, penetrating, thermal, or blast.
What are the greatest risks for transport? - ANSLoss of airway patency, displaced obstructive tubes lines or
catheters, dislodge splinting devices, need to replace or reinforce dressings, deterioration in patient status change in
vital signs or level of consciousness, injury to the patient and/or team members
What are the late signs of Increased intracranial pressure - ANSdilated, non-reactive pupil(s); abnormal motor
posturing (flexion, extension, flaccidity); Cushing's triad, Unresponsive to per verbal and painful stimuli, bradycardia
and decreased respiratory effort
What are the seven patterns of pathway injuries related to motor vehicle accidents? - ANSUp and over, down and
under, lateral, rotational, rear, roll over, and ejection.
What are the signs and symptoms of decompensated shock? - ANSDecreased level of consciousness, hypertension,
narrow pulse pressure, tachycardia with weak pulses, tachypnea, skin that is cool clammy and cyanotic, base access
outside the normal range, and serum lactate levels greater than two to 4MMOL/L.
What are the signs and symptoms of irreversible shock? - ANSObtunded stuporous or comatose state, marked
hypertension and heart failure, bradycardia with possible dysrhythmias, decreased and shallow respiratory rate, pale
cool and clammy skin, kidney liver and other organ failure, severe acidosis, elevated lactic acid levels, worsening
base access on ABGs, coagulopathies with petechiae purpura or bleeding.
What are the signs of compensated shock? - ANSAnxiety, confusion, restlessness, increased respiratory rate,
narrowing pulse pressure were diastolic increases yet systolic remains unchanged, tachycardia with bounding pulses,
and decreased urinary output
What are the symptoms of a subdural hematoma? - ANSDecreased LOC, nausea vomiting headache and ipsilateral
pupillary changes
What are the three factors that contribute to the damage caused by penetrating trauma's? - ANSThe point of impact,
the velocity and speed of impact, and the proximity to the object.
What are the three processes that transfer oxygen from the air to the lungs and blood stream - ANSVentilation: the
active mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs; diffusion: the passive movement of gases from an area
of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; and perfusion: the movement of blood to and from the
lungs as a delivery medium of oxygen to the entire body.
What are the three stages of shock - ANSCompensated, decompensated or progressive, and irreversible.
What are the treatment goals for a TBI? - ANSO2 saturation > or equal to 95%, systolic blood pressure > or equal to
100 MMHG, ICP < 15 MMHG, CPP > or equal to 60 MMHG, normal glycemia, hemoglobin > or equal to 7 g/DL,
sodium 135-145, osmotic diuretics, anti-emetics, sedatives, anticonvulsants, head of bed at 30°, and neck at midline
What causes quarternary effects of blast traumas? - ANSAll explosion related injuries, illnesses, or diseases not due
to the first three mechanisms. Injuries include external and internal burns, crush injuries, closed and open brain
injuries, asthmatic or breathing problems from dust smoke or toxic fumes, angina, or hyper glycemia and
hypertension.
,TNCC 8TH EDITION EXAM 10 LATEST VERSIONS (VERSION A & B) 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+VERIFIED
What causes quinary effects of blasts traumas? - ANSThose associated with exposure to hazardous materials from
radioactive, biologic, or chemical components of a blast. Injuries include a variety of health effects depending on
agent.
What causes the primary effects of blast traumas? - ANSThe direct blast effects. Types of injuries include last long,
tympanic membrane rupture and middle ear damage, abdominal hemorrhage and perforation, global rupture, mild
Trumatic brain injury.
What causes the secondary effects of blast traumas? - ANSProjectiles propelled by the explosion. Injuries include
penetrating or blunt injuries or I penetration.
What causes the tertiary effects of blast traumas? - ANSResults from individuals being thrown by the blast wind.
Injuries include hole or partial body translocation from being thrown against a hard service: blunt or penetrating
trauma's, fractures, traumatic amputations.
What is a trademark symptom of an epidural hematoma - ANSLoss of consciousness then awake and alert then loss
of consciousness
What is bending? - ANSLoading about an axis. Bending causes compression on the side the person is bending
toward intention to the opposite side
What is combined loading? - ANSAny combination of tension compression torsion bending and/or shear.
What is compression? - ANSCrushing by squeezing together
What is Cullen's sign and its significance? - ANSCullens sign is periumbilical bruising and is indicative of
intraperitoneal bleeding
What is shearing? - ANSDamage by tearing or bending by exerting faucet different parts in opposite directions at the
same time.
What is tension? - ANSstretching force by pulling at opposite ends
What is the minimum permissive hypertension and a trauma patient? - ANSA systolic of greater than or equal to 90
MMHG
What is the minimum permissive oxygenation level of a trauma patient? - ANSGreater than or equal to 94%
What is the Munro-Kellie doctrine? - ANSWithin the skull 80% his brain, 10% is blood, and 10% is CSF. Any increase
of any of the products results in increased intracranial pressure.
What is the recommended fluid bolus for a trauma? - ANS500 ML's of warmed isotonic crystalloid. Ongoing fluid
boluses of 500 ML's should be given judiciously with constant reassessments after administration.
What is the relationship between mass and velocity to kinetic energy? - ANSKinetic energy is equal to 1/2 the mass
multiplied the square of its velocity therefore when mass is doubled so is the net energy, however, when velocity is
doubled energy is quadrupled.
What is the trauma triad of death? - ANShypothermia, acidosis, coagulopathy
What is torsion? - ANSTorsion forces twist ends in opposite directions.
When capnography measurement reads greater than 45MMHG, the nurse should consider increasing or decreasing
the ventilation rate? - ANSIncreasing the ventilation rate. Doing so would allow the patient to blow off retained CO2.
When capnography measurement reads less than 35MMHG, the nurse should consider increasing or decreasing the
ventilation rate? - ANSDecreasing the ventilation rate. By doing so, the nurse allows the patient to retain CO2.
When would you use a nasopharyngeal airway versus an oral pharyngeal airway? - ANSNasopharyngeal airways is
contraindicated in patients with facial trauma or a suspected basilar skull fracture. Oral pharyngeal airways is used in
, TNCC 8TH EDITION EXAM 10 LATEST VERSIONS (VERSION A & B) 2025 COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+VERIFIED
unresponsive patients unable to maintain their airway, without a gag reflex as a temporary measure to facilitate
ventilation with a bag mask device or spontaneous ventilation until the patient can be intubated. According to newtons
law which of these two force is greater: size or force? - ANSNeither. For each force there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
Define Cushing's triad - ANSBradycardia, progressive hypertension (widening pulse pressure), and decreased
respiratory effort
Define the characteristics of neurogenic shock - ANSDistributive shock with a T6 or higher injury results and
vasodilation, bradycardia, flushed warm dry skin. Risk for temperature instability. Nursing interventions include
maintaining warmth and spinal stabilization.
Define the characteristics of spinal shock - ANSTransient loss of function can include loss of reflexes and muscle
tone below the level of industry with possible vascular response.
Describe one fat embolism syndrome is most likely to occur in its characteristics - ANSWith longform fractures.
Tachycardia, Thrombocytopenia, and petechiae rash.
Describe the characteristics of cardiogenic shock - ANSCardiogenic shock results from pump failure in the presence
of adequate intravascular volume. Lack of cardiac output and an organ perfusion occurs secondary to a decrease in
myocardial contractility and or valvular insufficiency. This can happen with blunt cardiac trauma or an MI. Symptoms
can include low blood pressure increase heart rate and respiratory rate chest pain shortness of breath dysrhythmias
increase troponin and pale cool moist skin
Describe the characteristics of distributive shock. - ANSDistributive shock occurs as a result of Mel distribution of an
adequate circulating blood volume with the loss of vascular tone or increased permeability. This can occur with spinal
cord injuries, sepsis, or anaphylaxis. Symptoms include low blood pressure heart rate respiratory rate preload and
afterload, spinal tenderness, difficulty breathing, warm pink and dry skin with a cool core temperature.
Describe the characteristics of hypovolemic shock - ANSHypovolemia is caused by a decrease in the amount of
circulating volume usually caused by massive bleeding, but also can be from vomiting and diarrhea. Characteristics
include low blood pressure and preload, increase heart rate respiratory rate and afterload, with contractility
unchanged. Signs include obvious bleeding, weak peripheral pulses, pale cool and moist skin, distended abdomen,
pelvic fracture, or bruise swollen and deformed extremities especially long bones.
Describe the characteristics of obstructive shock - ANSObstructive shock is it mechanical problem that results from
hypoperfusion of the tissue due to an obstruction in either the vasculature or the heart resulting in decreased cardiac
output. Some causes include a tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, or venous air embolism on the right side
of the heart during systole in the pulmonary artery.Signs include anxiety, muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypertension,
chest pain, difficulty breathing, or pulses paradoxes.
Describe the four types of spinal cord injury - ANSCentral cord injury results in greater weakness distally, anterior
injury includes motor loss or weakness below the cord level of injury yet sensory is intact, Brown-Sequard (hemicord)
is weak on one side with sensory deficit on opposite side, posterior cord syndrome although rare is when the patient
is unable to use sense vibration in proprioception
Describe the measurement of an NPA - ANSMeasure from the tip of the patient's nose to the tip of the patients
earlobe.
Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence. - ANSThe first impact occurs when the
vehicle collided with another object. The second impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant continues to
move in the original direction of travel until they collide with the interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third
impact occurs when internal structures collide within the body cavity.
Measurement of an OPA - ANSPlace the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct at the corner of the mouth to
the tip of the mandibular angle.
Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement - ANSPlacement of a CO2 monitoring device, Assessing for equal
chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium and four lung fields for equal breath sounds.
