BIO 191 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
Which of the following plant parts absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil? -
(answer) root hairs
Which of the following modified roots has a similar function as prop roots? - (answer) buttress roots
Which of the following structures is a modified horizontal shoot growing along the soil surface? -
(answer) stolon
Which of the following structures cannot be formed by an axillary bud? - (answer) branch root
Onions are monocots with certain parts adapted for storage. From which of the following plant parts is
the main storage structure formed? - (answer) leaf sheaths
Which of the following biological molecules is specific to woody sclerenchyma cells? - (answer) lignin
In the diagram above, the dark "dots" represent axillary buds. Which diagram illustrates a compound
leaf? - (answer) II only
Some understory plants in dense tropical rain forests have very large leaves. Which of the following is
the most likely selective advantage of these leaves? - (answer) Increased leaf surface area maximizes
light absorption for photosynthesis under low light intensity
Which of the following must have occurred during development in the region between the root and
stem circled on this diagram of an herbaceous eudicot? - (answer) the xylem in the root must split into
separate strands in the stem
Which of the following describes an anatomical difference between roots and leaves? - (answer) a
waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent from roots
Which structure is correctly paired with its tissue system? - (answer) tracheid-vascular tissue
,BIO 191 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
Which of the following tissues or cell types are always present in a monocot stem? - (answer) ground
tissue beneath the epidermis
Which of the following cell types retains the ability to undergo cell division? - (answer) a meristem cell
near the root tip
Which of the following cell types have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing
parts of the plant? - (answer) collenchyma cells
Which of the following structures is correctly paired with its function? - (answer) sclerenchyma-
supporting cells with thick secondary walls
Which of the following are water-conducting cells that are dead at functional maturity? - (answer)
tracheids and vessel elements
Which data above best illustrates phenotypic plasticity in leaf "toothiness"? - (answer) Rhode Island
Grown, Florida Collected and Florida Grown, Florida Collected
Which of the following cells transport sugars over long distances? - (answer) sieve-tube elements
If you examined the cut surface at the base of this twig, how many growth rings should be present? -
(answer) three
Which of the following accurately describes meristematic plant cells? - (answer) Meristematic cells are
undifferentiated cells that produce new cells
Which of the following best describes the growth of most plant structures, except for flowers? -
(answer) indeterminate
Which of the following is unique to the shoot apical meristem region? - (answer) leaf primordia
,BIO 191 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
What does this mean when considering care of a lawn or soccer field? - (answer) If you mow one inch
above ground level, apical meristems can continue to produce new leaves and cut leaves can continue
growing
In what direction will the stem grow? - (answer) vertically in height
Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity? - (answer) secondary xylem
Which of the following can be used to determine a twig's age? - (answer) number of apical bud scar
rings
A plant that grows one year, without flowering, and then grows again the following year and produces
flowers before it dies is described as which of the following? - (answer) a biennial
Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to which of the following? - (answer) cell elongation
localized in each internode
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the zones in the primary growth of a root, moving from
the root cap toward the stem? - (answer) zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of
differentiation
Which of the following best describes the driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil? -
(answer) elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem
Which of the following is true for an emerging lateral root to function? - (answer) xylem of the new
lateral root connects to the xylem of the original root
Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots? - (answer) pericycle
About how many meters above the ground is the nail? - (answer) 1.5
, BIO 191 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
You find a plant unfamiliar to you and observe that it has vascular bundles scattered throughout the
stem cross section. What should you conclude about the plant? - (answer) It is a monocot
What is a consequence of monocot vascular bundles not having a vascular cambium between the xylem
and phloem? - (answer) Monocots have no secondary growth
A monocot stem is represented by which of the following? - (answer) II only
A woody eudicot is represented by which of the following? - (answer) IV only
Which of the following represents a plant at least three years old? - (answer) IV only
What type of cells are they? - (answer) parenchyma
The veins of leaves are best described as which of the following? - (answer) I, II, and III
Which of the following is the main function associated with structure X? - (answer) retention of water
Which of the following is the main function associated with structure Y? - (answer) absorption of
carbon dioxide
Increasing the number of stomata per unit surface area of a leaf when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels
decline is most analogous to which of the following human adaptations? - (answer) putting more red
blood cells into circulation when atmospheric oxygen levels decline
Which of the following is NOT a pattern of vascular bundles evident in this stem? - (answer) xylem
toward the outside of each bundle, phloem toward the center
Which of the following accurately describes the structure of a leaf? - (answer) stomata can occur on
both sides of a leaf
ANSWERS
Which of the following plant parts absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil? -
(answer) root hairs
Which of the following modified roots has a similar function as prop roots? - (answer) buttress roots
Which of the following structures is a modified horizontal shoot growing along the soil surface? -
(answer) stolon
Which of the following structures cannot be formed by an axillary bud? - (answer) branch root
Onions are monocots with certain parts adapted for storage. From which of the following plant parts is
the main storage structure formed? - (answer) leaf sheaths
Which of the following biological molecules is specific to woody sclerenchyma cells? - (answer) lignin
In the diagram above, the dark "dots" represent axillary buds. Which diagram illustrates a compound
leaf? - (answer) II only
Some understory plants in dense tropical rain forests have very large leaves. Which of the following is
the most likely selective advantage of these leaves? - (answer) Increased leaf surface area maximizes
light absorption for photosynthesis under low light intensity
Which of the following must have occurred during development in the region between the root and
stem circled on this diagram of an herbaceous eudicot? - (answer) the xylem in the root must split into
separate strands in the stem
Which of the following describes an anatomical difference between roots and leaves? - (answer) a
waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent from roots
Which structure is correctly paired with its tissue system? - (answer) tracheid-vascular tissue
,BIO 191 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
Which of the following tissues or cell types are always present in a monocot stem? - (answer) ground
tissue beneath the epidermis
Which of the following cell types retains the ability to undergo cell division? - (answer) a meristem cell
near the root tip
Which of the following cell types have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing
parts of the plant? - (answer) collenchyma cells
Which of the following structures is correctly paired with its function? - (answer) sclerenchyma-
supporting cells with thick secondary walls
Which of the following are water-conducting cells that are dead at functional maturity? - (answer)
tracheids and vessel elements
Which data above best illustrates phenotypic plasticity in leaf "toothiness"? - (answer) Rhode Island
Grown, Florida Collected and Florida Grown, Florida Collected
Which of the following cells transport sugars over long distances? - (answer) sieve-tube elements
If you examined the cut surface at the base of this twig, how many growth rings should be present? -
(answer) three
Which of the following accurately describes meristematic plant cells? - (answer) Meristematic cells are
undifferentiated cells that produce new cells
Which of the following best describes the growth of most plant structures, except for flowers? -
(answer) indeterminate
Which of the following is unique to the shoot apical meristem region? - (answer) leaf primordia
,BIO 191 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
What does this mean when considering care of a lawn or soccer field? - (answer) If you mow one inch
above ground level, apical meristems can continue to produce new leaves and cut leaves can continue
growing
In what direction will the stem grow? - (answer) vertically in height
Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity? - (answer) secondary xylem
Which of the following can be used to determine a twig's age? - (answer) number of apical bud scar
rings
A plant that grows one year, without flowering, and then grows again the following year and produces
flowers before it dies is described as which of the following? - (answer) a biennial
Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to which of the following? - (answer) cell elongation
localized in each internode
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the zones in the primary growth of a root, moving from
the root cap toward the stem? - (answer) zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of
differentiation
Which of the following best describes the driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil? -
(answer) elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem
Which of the following is true for an emerging lateral root to function? - (answer) xylem of the new
lateral root connects to the xylem of the original root
Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots? - (answer) pericycle
About how many meters above the ground is the nail? - (answer) 1.5
, BIO 191 EXAM 3 NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
You find a plant unfamiliar to you and observe that it has vascular bundles scattered throughout the
stem cross section. What should you conclude about the plant? - (answer) It is a monocot
What is a consequence of monocot vascular bundles not having a vascular cambium between the xylem
and phloem? - (answer) Monocots have no secondary growth
A monocot stem is represented by which of the following? - (answer) II only
A woody eudicot is represented by which of the following? - (answer) IV only
Which of the following represents a plant at least three years old? - (answer) IV only
What type of cells are they? - (answer) parenchyma
The veins of leaves are best described as which of the following? - (answer) I, II, and III
Which of the following is the main function associated with structure X? - (answer) retention of water
Which of the following is the main function associated with structure Y? - (answer) absorption of
carbon dioxide
Increasing the number of stomata per unit surface area of a leaf when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels
decline is most analogous to which of the following human adaptations? - (answer) putting more red
blood cells into circulation when atmospheric oxygen levels decline
Which of the following is NOT a pattern of vascular bundles evident in this stem? - (answer) xylem
toward the outside of each bundle, phloem toward the center
Which of the following accurately describes the structure of a leaf? - (answer) stomata can occur on
both sides of a leaf
