Respiratory System Notes
1. Introduction:
- The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) between the body and the
2. Main Organs:
- Nose and Nasal Cavity: Filters, moistens, and warms air.
- Pharynx: Connects nasal cavity to larynx.
- Larynx: Voice box, contains vocal cords.
- Trachea: Windpipe; carries air to bronchi.
- Bronchi: Two main branches that lead into the lungs.
- Lungs: Main organs where gas exchange occurs.
- Alveoli: Tiny air sacs where oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves.
3. Breathing Process:
- Inhalation: Diaphragm contracts, lungs expand, air is drawn in.
- Exhalation: Diaphragm relaxes, lungs contract, air is pushed out.
4. Gas Exchange:
- Occurs in alveoli.
- Oxygen diffuses into blood; carbon dioxide diffuses out.
5. Regulation:
- Controlled by the brain (medulla oblongata).
- Responds to CO2 levels in the blood.
1. Introduction:
- The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) between the body and the
2. Main Organs:
- Nose and Nasal Cavity: Filters, moistens, and warms air.
- Pharynx: Connects nasal cavity to larynx.
- Larynx: Voice box, contains vocal cords.
- Trachea: Windpipe; carries air to bronchi.
- Bronchi: Two main branches that lead into the lungs.
- Lungs: Main organs where gas exchange occurs.
- Alveoli: Tiny air sacs where oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves.
3. Breathing Process:
- Inhalation: Diaphragm contracts, lungs expand, air is drawn in.
- Exhalation: Diaphragm relaxes, lungs contract, air is pushed out.
4. Gas Exchange:
- Occurs in alveoli.
- Oxygen diffuses into blood; carbon dioxide diffuses out.
5. Regulation:
- Controlled by the brain (medulla oblongata).
- Responds to CO2 levels in the blood.
