UTMB 5355 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM-ACTUAL EXAM |LATEST
UPDATE 2025 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS-MOSTLY TESTED QUESTIONS -RATED 100%
CORRECT!!GUARANTEED PASS!! ALREADY GRADED A+
The effects of vasodilation during an inflammatory response cause which of the following? -
(answers)Slower blood viscosity
Which of the following is a role of histamine when released by mast cells? - (answers)Increased
Vascular Permeability
Which of the following results when histamine attaches to the H1 receptor? - (answers)Smooth
muscle contraction, increased chemotaxis, stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis
Which chemical mediator is responsible for prolonged asthma symptoms such as
bronchoconstriction and inflammation? - (answers)Leukotrienes
Which of the following are an active modulator of allergic reactions in the immune system? -
(answers)Eosinophils
directs movement of cells along a chemical gradient attracting eosinophils and neutrophils to the
site of inflammation. - (answers)Chemotaxis
What are the functions of interferons? - (answers)Protect against viral infection, modulate
inflammatory response
Your patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is this? -
(answers)Type 1
Your patient has diagnosis of Grave's disease. Which type of Hypersensitivity reaction is this? -
(answers)Type 2
,Which of the following is a type III hypersensitivity reaction? - (answers)Glomerulonephritis
Which of the following statement is true regarding Type IV Reactions? - (answers)The reaction
is mediated by T lymphocytes
Which of the following statements are true regarding exotoxins? - (answers)damage cell
membranes, activate second messengers, inhibit protein synthesis
immunity is produced by an individual after natural exposure to an antigen or after immunization
- (answers)Active
immunity produces immunoglobulins that bind to antigens and neutralize their effects -
(answers)Humoral
stimulates the proliferation of T cells and B cells during inflammation - (answers)Interleukins
Catecholamines decrease which of the following immune system cells during chronic stress? -
(answers)Natural Killer cells
interfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress, obesity, and Type 2
Diabetes. - (answers)Pro-inflammatory cytokines
what type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses the placenta? -
(answers)Passive acquired
the normal microbiome - (answers)The body's surfaces are colonized with a variety of
microorganisms, Surfaces, such as skin and mucous membranes of eyes, upper and lower GI
tracts, urethra and vagina are colonized by a combination of bacteria and fungi that are unique to
a particular location and individual.
If immunocompromised the microbiome can lead to - (answers)opportunistic infections or loss of
integrity of the body surface areas.
,Type 1 hypersensitivity example - (answers)seasonal rhinitis
Type 1 hypersensitivity - (answers)IgE mediated, binds to mast cell which causes release of
histamine and other inflammatory cytokines
Eosinphils are active in which hypersensitivity? - (answers)Type 1
Histamine binds to _ to cause allergic reaction - (answers)H1 receptors
Where are H1 receptors found? - (answers)smooth muscle, endothelium, bronchial lining, oral
mucosa
act to prevent over reactions in the smooth muscle contractions brought on by histamine binding
to H1 receptors - (answers)H2 receptors
histamine binding to H1 causes - (answers)smooth muscle contraction
histamine binding to H2 causes - (answers)smooth muscle relaxation, avoids anaphylaxis
H2 blocker examples - (answers)pepcid
H1 is - (answers)pro-inflammatory
H2 is - (answers)antiinflammatory
Type 2 hypersensitivity is - (answers)tissue specific; a specific cell or tissue is the target of an
immune response
, Symptoms of many type II reactions are - (answers)determined by the tissue or organ being
targeted.
In type 2 hypersensitivity reactions antibodies bind to - (answers)tissue specific antigens
IgG and IgM and complement cascade are active in - (answers)type 2 reactions to destroy cell
membrane and initiate lysis of cell
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity reactions - (answers)Autoimmune hemolytic anemia or
transfusion reactions (RBCs are destroyed by complement mediated lysis)
Type 3 hypersensitivity is - (answers)immune-complex mediated; antigen-antibody complex not
formed immune complexes form in the circulation and later are deposited to vessels walls
Type III reactions are not - specific - (answers)organ
cell damage in type III reactions are due to - (answers)complement activation, chemotaxis
generated for neutrophils and lysosomal enzymes once in tissues
Examples of type III reactions include - (answers)repeated IV administration of drugs, lupus,
glomerulonephritis, think generalized symptoms with rash
Type 4 hypersensitivity - (answers)cell mediated by T lymphocytes involve cytotoxic t cells, and
other t cells which activate macrophages
example of type 4 hypersensitivity reaction - (answers)graft rejections, poison ivy, rheumatoid
arthritis, hashimotos, insulin resistance
T cells that work against the - are responsible for insulin dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus. -
(answers)pancreatic beta cells
UPDATE 2025 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS-MOSTLY TESTED QUESTIONS -RATED 100%
CORRECT!!GUARANTEED PASS!! ALREADY GRADED A+
The effects of vasodilation during an inflammatory response cause which of the following? -
(answers)Slower blood viscosity
Which of the following is a role of histamine when released by mast cells? - (answers)Increased
Vascular Permeability
Which of the following results when histamine attaches to the H1 receptor? - (answers)Smooth
muscle contraction, increased chemotaxis, stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis
Which chemical mediator is responsible for prolonged asthma symptoms such as
bronchoconstriction and inflammation? - (answers)Leukotrienes
Which of the following are an active modulator of allergic reactions in the immune system? -
(answers)Eosinophils
directs movement of cells along a chemical gradient attracting eosinophils and neutrophils to the
site of inflammation. - (answers)Chemotaxis
What are the functions of interferons? - (answers)Protect against viral infection, modulate
inflammatory response
Your patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is this? -
(answers)Type 1
Your patient has diagnosis of Grave's disease. Which type of Hypersensitivity reaction is this? -
(answers)Type 2
,Which of the following is a type III hypersensitivity reaction? - (answers)Glomerulonephritis
Which of the following statement is true regarding Type IV Reactions? - (answers)The reaction
is mediated by T lymphocytes
Which of the following statements are true regarding exotoxins? - (answers)damage cell
membranes, activate second messengers, inhibit protein synthesis
immunity is produced by an individual after natural exposure to an antigen or after immunization
- (answers)Active
immunity produces immunoglobulins that bind to antigens and neutralize their effects -
(answers)Humoral
stimulates the proliferation of T cells and B cells during inflammation - (answers)Interleukins
Catecholamines decrease which of the following immune system cells during chronic stress? -
(answers)Natural Killer cells
interfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress, obesity, and Type 2
Diabetes. - (answers)Pro-inflammatory cytokines
what type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses the placenta? -
(answers)Passive acquired
the normal microbiome - (answers)The body's surfaces are colonized with a variety of
microorganisms, Surfaces, such as skin and mucous membranes of eyes, upper and lower GI
tracts, urethra and vagina are colonized by a combination of bacteria and fungi that are unique to
a particular location and individual.
If immunocompromised the microbiome can lead to - (answers)opportunistic infections or loss of
integrity of the body surface areas.
,Type 1 hypersensitivity example - (answers)seasonal rhinitis
Type 1 hypersensitivity - (answers)IgE mediated, binds to mast cell which causes release of
histamine and other inflammatory cytokines
Eosinphils are active in which hypersensitivity? - (answers)Type 1
Histamine binds to _ to cause allergic reaction - (answers)H1 receptors
Where are H1 receptors found? - (answers)smooth muscle, endothelium, bronchial lining, oral
mucosa
act to prevent over reactions in the smooth muscle contractions brought on by histamine binding
to H1 receptors - (answers)H2 receptors
histamine binding to H1 causes - (answers)smooth muscle contraction
histamine binding to H2 causes - (answers)smooth muscle relaxation, avoids anaphylaxis
H2 blocker examples - (answers)pepcid
H1 is - (answers)pro-inflammatory
H2 is - (answers)antiinflammatory
Type 2 hypersensitivity is - (answers)tissue specific; a specific cell or tissue is the target of an
immune response
, Symptoms of many type II reactions are - (answers)determined by the tissue or organ being
targeted.
In type 2 hypersensitivity reactions antibodies bind to - (answers)tissue specific antigens
IgG and IgM and complement cascade are active in - (answers)type 2 reactions to destroy cell
membrane and initiate lysis of cell
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity reactions - (answers)Autoimmune hemolytic anemia or
transfusion reactions (RBCs are destroyed by complement mediated lysis)
Type 3 hypersensitivity is - (answers)immune-complex mediated; antigen-antibody complex not
formed immune complexes form in the circulation and later are deposited to vessels walls
Type III reactions are not - specific - (answers)organ
cell damage in type III reactions are due to - (answers)complement activation, chemotaxis
generated for neutrophils and lysosomal enzymes once in tissues
Examples of type III reactions include - (answers)repeated IV administration of drugs, lupus,
glomerulonephritis, think generalized symptoms with rash
Type 4 hypersensitivity - (answers)cell mediated by T lymphocytes involve cytotoxic t cells, and
other t cells which activate macrophages
example of type 4 hypersensitivity reaction - (answers)graft rejections, poison ivy, rheumatoid
arthritis, hashimotos, insulin resistance
T cells that work against the - are responsible for insulin dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus. -
(answers)pancreatic beta cells
