Endocrine System (BIPN 100)
questions and answers graded A+
endocrine system - correct answer ✔✔controls homeostasis
hormones - correct answer ✔✔chemical signal secreted by cells, transported by blood,
activates slow/distant response, binds to target cell receptors, act on multiple tissues
pheromones - correct answer ✔✔physiological/behavioral response on other organisms of
same species
endocrine release - correct answer ✔✔hormone into blood, long distances
paracrine release - correct answer ✔✔signal to nearby cells, short distances
autocrine release - correct answer ✔✔target = itself
neurocrine release - correct answer ✔✔released by neurons
steroid - correct answer ✔✔cholesterol derived, cytoplasmic/nuclear receptors = turn genes
on/off slowly, membrane receptors = fast nongenomic responses
adrenal cortex steroids - correct answer ✔✔cortisol, aldosterone
gonads/placenta steroids - correct answer ✔✔estrogen, progesterone, testosterone
, lipophilic steroids - correct answer ✔✔easily cross membranes, not soluble in plasma, need
carrier proteins, longer half-life
amino acid derived - correct answer ✔✔from tryptophan, tyrosine; includes catecholamines +
thyroid hormones
catecholamines - correct answer ✔✔amino acid derived: dopamine, norepinephrine,
epinephrine, can't cross phospholipid bilayer
thyroid hormones - correct answer ✔✔T3, T4, can cross phospholipid bilayer
peptides/proteins - correct answer ✔✔water soluble, dissolve for transport, short half-life
peptide - correct answer ✔✔short chains of amino acids, ADH, oxytocin (love)
protein hormones - correct answer ✔✔long chains of amino acids, insulin, human growth
eicosanoids - correct answer ✔✔inflammatory response, pain/fever, reproduction, inhibits
gastric acid, blood pressure, platelet aggregation, derived from oxidation of arachidonic acid,
lipid soluble but use membrane bound receptors (G proteins), act locally
prostaglandins - correct answer ✔✔eicosanoids: COX, prostacyclins, thromboxanes (clotting)
leukotrienes - correct answer ✔✔eicosanoids: LOX, inflammatory mediators
lipid soluble hormones - correct answer ✔✔can't travel in blood stream, need carrier, diffuse in
membrane --> genomic effect (genes on/off), steroids + thyroid hormones
questions and answers graded A+
endocrine system - correct answer ✔✔controls homeostasis
hormones - correct answer ✔✔chemical signal secreted by cells, transported by blood,
activates slow/distant response, binds to target cell receptors, act on multiple tissues
pheromones - correct answer ✔✔physiological/behavioral response on other organisms of
same species
endocrine release - correct answer ✔✔hormone into blood, long distances
paracrine release - correct answer ✔✔signal to nearby cells, short distances
autocrine release - correct answer ✔✔target = itself
neurocrine release - correct answer ✔✔released by neurons
steroid - correct answer ✔✔cholesterol derived, cytoplasmic/nuclear receptors = turn genes
on/off slowly, membrane receptors = fast nongenomic responses
adrenal cortex steroids - correct answer ✔✔cortisol, aldosterone
gonads/placenta steroids - correct answer ✔✔estrogen, progesterone, testosterone
, lipophilic steroids - correct answer ✔✔easily cross membranes, not soluble in plasma, need
carrier proteins, longer half-life
amino acid derived - correct answer ✔✔from tryptophan, tyrosine; includes catecholamines +
thyroid hormones
catecholamines - correct answer ✔✔amino acid derived: dopamine, norepinephrine,
epinephrine, can't cross phospholipid bilayer
thyroid hormones - correct answer ✔✔T3, T4, can cross phospholipid bilayer
peptides/proteins - correct answer ✔✔water soluble, dissolve for transport, short half-life
peptide - correct answer ✔✔short chains of amino acids, ADH, oxytocin (love)
protein hormones - correct answer ✔✔long chains of amino acids, insulin, human growth
eicosanoids - correct answer ✔✔inflammatory response, pain/fever, reproduction, inhibits
gastric acid, blood pressure, platelet aggregation, derived from oxidation of arachidonic acid,
lipid soluble but use membrane bound receptors (G proteins), act locally
prostaglandins - correct answer ✔✔eicosanoids: COX, prostacyclins, thromboxanes (clotting)
leukotrienes - correct answer ✔✔eicosanoids: LOX, inflammatory mediators
lipid soluble hormones - correct answer ✔✔can't travel in blood stream, need carrier, diffuse in
membrane --> genomic effect (genes on/off), steroids + thyroid hormones
