NSG 501 Midterm Exam Test Questions
With 100% Solved Solutions (2025-2026)
Describe the process of critical thinking & clinical reasoning within the framework of the nursing
process. - Answer CRITICAL THINKING: The ability to think in a systematic and logical manner
with openness to question and reflect on the reasoning process
Characterized by openness, perseverance, continual inquiry with willing to look at each unique
patient situation and determine which assumptions are true and relevant: Issue exists, analyze
info, evaluate, draw conclusion
CLINICAL REASONING: Way of thinking about patient care issues
Determining, preventing and managing patient issues
critical thinking + clinical reasoning = clinical outcome
Differentiate between subjective and objective data, and signs and symptoms. - Answer
Subjective: What patient tells you. symptom
Objective: What you observe. Sign
Generate nursing diagnoses given assessment findings. - Answer Describes the client's actual
or potential response to health problem
Standardized way of communication clinical judgement
LOOKS AT THE HUMAN RESPONSE TO ILLNESS
Allows for individualized care
States a clear and concise health problem, derived from evidence, and is the basis for planning
and carrying out care
Example: medical dx of CVA(stroke)
Nursing diagnosis:
Impaired verbal communication
Risk for falls
Powerlessness
Risk for aspiration
Accurately develop goals statements for the planning phase of the nursing process. - Answer
Determine patient goals, establish priorities, develop expected outcomes of nursing care, and
write a nursing care plan: care plans address the nursing diagnoses that have the highest
, FALL RISK Safety, love & belonging, esteem, self actualization
SAFETY FIRST AFTER BREATHING
Goals provide direction, set standards, anticipates client behavior and is the endpoint of nursing
care
Differentiate between independent, inter-dependent, and dependent nursing interventions. -
Answer Independent: nurse initiated
Nurse is accountable for actions
Nurse is licensed and capable of performing and or delegating. independent of other
practitioners
CLIENT TEACHING IS AN INDEPENDENT NURSING INTERVENTION. Examples: turning pt, deep
breathing, taking vitals, assessing
Dependent: physician initiated
Prescribed by a physician or advanced practice provider
Diagnostic tests, certain treatments & medications
Nurse is responsible for assessing, explaining activities and evaluating. Examples: giving patient
oxygen, getting a CBC
Collaborative: interdependent
Collaboration with other healthcare team members
Dietary, PT, OT
Apply fundamental delegation principles to clinical scenarios - Answer PCTs
Cannot assess, teach, evaluate
Can obtain information such as vitals, and feeding
ACT: Assess, Care Activities, Teaching
Evaluate outcomes of an implemented plan of care. - Answer Data collected: supports the
basis of usefulness and effectiveness of nursing practices, measures quality of care,
demonstrates caring and responsibility.
Met: part of the care plan is discontinued
Not met: re-assess priorities
Discuss the importance of family-centered care - Answer A: mood of family members, if they
need help outside, education level, main provider, cultural beliefs
With 100% Solved Solutions (2025-2026)
Describe the process of critical thinking & clinical reasoning within the framework of the nursing
process. - Answer CRITICAL THINKING: The ability to think in a systematic and logical manner
with openness to question and reflect on the reasoning process
Characterized by openness, perseverance, continual inquiry with willing to look at each unique
patient situation and determine which assumptions are true and relevant: Issue exists, analyze
info, evaluate, draw conclusion
CLINICAL REASONING: Way of thinking about patient care issues
Determining, preventing and managing patient issues
critical thinking + clinical reasoning = clinical outcome
Differentiate between subjective and objective data, and signs and symptoms. - Answer
Subjective: What patient tells you. symptom
Objective: What you observe. Sign
Generate nursing diagnoses given assessment findings. - Answer Describes the client's actual
or potential response to health problem
Standardized way of communication clinical judgement
LOOKS AT THE HUMAN RESPONSE TO ILLNESS
Allows for individualized care
States a clear and concise health problem, derived from evidence, and is the basis for planning
and carrying out care
Example: medical dx of CVA(stroke)
Nursing diagnosis:
Impaired verbal communication
Risk for falls
Powerlessness
Risk for aspiration
Accurately develop goals statements for the planning phase of the nursing process. - Answer
Determine patient goals, establish priorities, develop expected outcomes of nursing care, and
write a nursing care plan: care plans address the nursing diagnoses that have the highest
, FALL RISK Safety, love & belonging, esteem, self actualization
SAFETY FIRST AFTER BREATHING
Goals provide direction, set standards, anticipates client behavior and is the endpoint of nursing
care
Differentiate between independent, inter-dependent, and dependent nursing interventions. -
Answer Independent: nurse initiated
Nurse is accountable for actions
Nurse is licensed and capable of performing and or delegating. independent of other
practitioners
CLIENT TEACHING IS AN INDEPENDENT NURSING INTERVENTION. Examples: turning pt, deep
breathing, taking vitals, assessing
Dependent: physician initiated
Prescribed by a physician or advanced practice provider
Diagnostic tests, certain treatments & medications
Nurse is responsible for assessing, explaining activities and evaluating. Examples: giving patient
oxygen, getting a CBC
Collaborative: interdependent
Collaboration with other healthcare team members
Dietary, PT, OT
Apply fundamental delegation principles to clinical scenarios - Answer PCTs
Cannot assess, teach, evaluate
Can obtain information such as vitals, and feeding
ACT: Assess, Care Activities, Teaching
Evaluate outcomes of an implemented plan of care. - Answer Data collected: supports the
basis of usefulness and effectiveness of nursing practices, measures quality of care,
demonstrates caring and responsibility.
Met: part of the care plan is discontinued
Not met: re-assess priorities
Discuss the importance of family-centered care - Answer A: mood of family members, if they
need help outside, education level, main provider, cultural beliefs
