C HAPTER 33: H EALTH P ROMOTION AND C ARE
OF THE O LDER A DULT
Cooper: Foundation of Nursing, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is a major difference between rheumatoid ar thritis and
osteoarthritis?
a. Rheumatoid arthritis is degenerative.
b. Rheumatoid arthritis onl y affects patients over 40 years of age.
c. Rheumatoid arthritis is inflammatory.
d. Rheumatoid arthritis is curable.
ANS: C
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disea se; osteoarthritis is
degenerative. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect patients at any age.
Neither t ype of arthritis is curable.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 1078 -1079
OBJ: 5 TOP: Arthritis KEY: Nursing Process
Step: Implementation MSC: NC LEX: Physiological
Integrit y
2. For what is the older adult patient at increased risk because of age -related
changes in the musculoskeletal system?
a. Fractures due to poor uptake of calcium
, b. Heart attacks due to increased effort to ambulate
c. Respiratory failure due to kyphosis
d. Falls related to posture changes
ANS: D
Falls are the leading cause of accidental death in individuals over 65,
in part because of posture changes brought on by aging.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Anal ysis REF: p. 1091 OBJ: 7
TOP: Musculoskeletal alterations KEY: Nursing
Process Step: Implementation MSC: NC LEX: Health
Promotion and Maintenance
3. The nurse is assisting an older adult patient out of bed when suddenl y the
patient begins to fall. What is the likel y cause of the fall?
a. Fever
b. Orthostatic hypotension
c. Dehydration
d. A decrease in venous return
ANS: B
Orthostatic hypotension occurs when the patient changes position. In
the older adult, the loss of elasticit y in the vessels slows the vascular
accommodation to sudden postural change s to a standing position.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 1091 OBJ: 10
TOP: Musculoskeletal alterations KEY: Nursing
, Process Step: Implementation MSC: NC LEX:
Physiological Integrity
4. To help prevent falls related to muscle weakness, wha t t ype of exercises
should be selected for the aging patient?
a. Dail y
b. Running
c. Weight-bearing
d. Aerobic
ANS: C
Appropriate interventions to increase muscle strength begin with
weight-bearing exercises. They do not have to be done dail y to be
effective. Runnin g and aerobic exercise would not be appropriate or
effective for the aging patient.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 1080 OBJ: 8
TOP: Musculoskeletal alterations KEY: Nursing
Process Step: Implementation MSC: NC LEX:
Physiological Integrit y
5. What is the best test to identify the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal
women?
a. Skeletal x-ray
b. Bone densit y scan
c. Calcium blood level
d. CAT scan
ANS: B
OF THE O LDER A DULT
Cooper: Foundation of Nursing, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is a major difference between rheumatoid ar thritis and
osteoarthritis?
a. Rheumatoid arthritis is degenerative.
b. Rheumatoid arthritis onl y affects patients over 40 years of age.
c. Rheumatoid arthritis is inflammatory.
d. Rheumatoid arthritis is curable.
ANS: C
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disea se; osteoarthritis is
degenerative. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect patients at any age.
Neither t ype of arthritis is curable.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 1078 -1079
OBJ: 5 TOP: Arthritis KEY: Nursing Process
Step: Implementation MSC: NC LEX: Physiological
Integrit y
2. For what is the older adult patient at increased risk because of age -related
changes in the musculoskeletal system?
a. Fractures due to poor uptake of calcium
, b. Heart attacks due to increased effort to ambulate
c. Respiratory failure due to kyphosis
d. Falls related to posture changes
ANS: D
Falls are the leading cause of accidental death in individuals over 65,
in part because of posture changes brought on by aging.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Anal ysis REF: p. 1091 OBJ: 7
TOP: Musculoskeletal alterations KEY: Nursing
Process Step: Implementation MSC: NC LEX: Health
Promotion and Maintenance
3. The nurse is assisting an older adult patient out of bed when suddenl y the
patient begins to fall. What is the likel y cause of the fall?
a. Fever
b. Orthostatic hypotension
c. Dehydration
d. A decrease in venous return
ANS: B
Orthostatic hypotension occurs when the patient changes position. In
the older adult, the loss of elasticit y in the vessels slows the vascular
accommodation to sudden postural change s to a standing position.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 1091 OBJ: 10
TOP: Musculoskeletal alterations KEY: Nursing
, Process Step: Implementation MSC: NC LEX:
Physiological Integrity
4. To help prevent falls related to muscle weakness, wha t t ype of exercises
should be selected for the aging patient?
a. Dail y
b. Running
c. Weight-bearing
d. Aerobic
ANS: C
Appropriate interventions to increase muscle strength begin with
weight-bearing exercises. They do not have to be done dail y to be
effective. Runnin g and aerobic exercise would not be appropriate or
effective for the aging patient.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 1080 OBJ: 8
TOP: Musculoskeletal alterations KEY: Nursing
Process Step: Implementation MSC: NC LEX:
Physiological Integrit y
5. What is the best test to identify the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal
women?
a. Skeletal x-ray
b. Bone densit y scan
c. Calcium blood level
d. CAT scan
ANS: B
