CIBTAC AND CIDESCO EXAMS
Local Infection - Answers -An infection that is confined to one area
e.g. pimple or boil
General Infection - Answers -An infection that has spread to all parts of the body
e.g. blood poisoning
Cross Infection - Answers -The transfer of infection from one individual to another by
direct contact or shared utensils (indirect)
Immunity - Answers -Protection against certain types of invading bacteria or toxic
substances once they have entered the body.
It involves the ability to recognise, memorise and respond. It can be inborn or acquired.
Natural Immunity - Answers -Natural exposure to disease forming organisms that the
body fights off and produces antibodies to prevent reinfection.
Artificial Immunity - Answers -Deliberate exposure through vaccination.
Antibodies are formed and immunity is built up.
Toxin - Answers -Poison consisting of complex chemical substances that enter the
blood stream or skin tissue.
Pus - Answers -Yellowish fluid that oozes from a wound.
It contains blood and body cells and dead/living bacteria.
Aerobic Bacteria - Answers -Needs oxygen to survive.
Anaerobic Bacteria - Answers -Does not need oxygen to survive.
Filterable Viruses - Answers -So small, they can pass through pores of porcelain filters.
Hygiene - Answers -Principles of maintaining health.
Sterilisation - Answers -Process of making an object germ free.
- Killing.
,Sterile - Answers -Free from all micro organisms.
Sterilise - Answers -Act of making an object germ free.
Sanitation - Answers -Measures carried to promote public health and prevent spread of
infection.
- Prevents Growth.
Sanitise - Answers -To render object clean and sanitary.
Asepsis/Aseptic - Answers -Condition of being free of all pathogenic bacteria.
Sepsis/Septic - Answers -Condition of being infected by pathogenic bacteria.
Antiseptic - Answers -Chemical agent that may destroy or retard growth of bacteria.
Not as strong as disinfectant and can be used on the skin.
Disinfectant - Answers -Chemical agent that has the power to destroy bacteria.
Not generally used on the skin.
Disinfect - Answers -Destroy bacteria on any object.
Fumigant - Answers -Vapour used to keep sterile objects sanitary, in a container or
drawer.
Bactericide/germicide - Answers -Chemical agent having the power to destroy
bacteria/germs.
Contagious - Answers -When a disease is transmitted by direct or indirect contact.
Wet Sanitiser - Answers -Where objects are completely immersed in a disinfectant.
Before use objects must be washed thoroughly with hot water and detergent then
rinsed.
Once removed from a sanitiser they must be rinsed and placed in dry cabinet sanitiser.
Dry Sanitiser - Answers -Airtight cabinets containing fumigant or UV radiation, objects
must be clean before use.
Antiseptic Ingredients - Answers -Alcohol
Boric Acid
Iodine
Hydrogen Peroxide
Disinfectant Ingredients - Answers -QUATS (Quaternary ammonium compounds).
,Formalin.
Formaldehyde.
Alcohol.
Sodium Hypo-Chlorite.
Properties Of A Good Disinfectant - Answers -Convenient to prepare.
Quick acting.
Practically odourless.
Non corrosive.
Economical.
Non irritating to the skin.
Precautions For Using Antiseptics And Disinfectants - Answers -Wear rubber gloves.
Keep containers properly labelled.
Do not breathe in fumes.
Keep containers sealed and in a safe place.
Avoid spillages.
Air Ventilation - Answers -Air should not be dry or stagnant, or have a stale or musty
odour.
Room temperatures should be around 26 degrees and must be ventilated.
Avoid the spread of aids by: - Answers -Wearing gloves in any procedures that involve
blood e.g. waxing.
Moist/wet heat sterilisation - Answers -BOILING: boiling at 100 degrees for 20 minutes.
STEAMING (AUTOCLAVE): steam pressure at 120-130 degrees for 20 minutes.
Dry heat sterilisation - Answers -BAKING: 149 degrees for 1 hour (often used in
hospitals)
BEAD: glass beads 250-260 degrees for a minimum of 30 seconds.
Gamma Ray Radiation - Answers -Destroys micro organisms through action of ionised
particles (not suited for salon use, mostly for the medical field).
First Level of Sanitation - Answers -Equipment that does not pierce the skin:
1. wash in warm soapy water
2. rinse
3. dry
4. wipe with metho
5. place in sanitising cabinet until use
, Second Level of Sanitation - Answers -Equipment in contact with mucous membranes
and pierce the skin:
1. rinse in COLD (prevents coagulation) soapy water
2. wash in warm soapy water
3. rinse
4. dry
5. immerse in disinfectant for 10 minutes
6. rinse, dry and place in sanitising cabinet until use
Third Level of Sanitation - Answers -Heat (moist or dry) and Radiation.
Bacteria - Answers -One celled living organisms, reproduce through amitosis.
Not visible to the naked eye.
-Pathogenic (disease forming)
-Non-pathogenic (good bacteria)
Ideal temperature is 37 degrees in warm, dark and moist environments.
Active Bacteria - Answers -Full growth in 20-30 minutes
Inactive Bacteria - Answers -Unable to grow and reproduce when exposed to too much
light, heat, lack of food or moisture.
Spores - Answers -Hard shell like covering that bacteria forms while environment is
unfavourable and allows bacteria to survive during that period.
Bacteria cannot cause disease while in spore.
Once conditions become favourable, the spores drop.
Cocci - Answers -Round berry shaped bacteria, are not able to move in liquid.
Can occur singularly or in groups.
3 main types: streptococci, staphlococci and diplococci.
Streptococci - Answers -Form in chains, commonly found in respiratory tract and
intestines.
Can cause blood poisoning, scarlet fever.
Staphylococci - Answers -Form in bunches or clusters, amongst the strongest of non-
spore forming bacteria.
Responsible for many skin disorders e.g. carbuncles, faruncles, food poisonng and
abcesses.
Local Infection - Answers -An infection that is confined to one area
e.g. pimple or boil
General Infection - Answers -An infection that has spread to all parts of the body
e.g. blood poisoning
Cross Infection - Answers -The transfer of infection from one individual to another by
direct contact or shared utensils (indirect)
Immunity - Answers -Protection against certain types of invading bacteria or toxic
substances once they have entered the body.
It involves the ability to recognise, memorise and respond. It can be inborn or acquired.
Natural Immunity - Answers -Natural exposure to disease forming organisms that the
body fights off and produces antibodies to prevent reinfection.
Artificial Immunity - Answers -Deliberate exposure through vaccination.
Antibodies are formed and immunity is built up.
Toxin - Answers -Poison consisting of complex chemical substances that enter the
blood stream or skin tissue.
Pus - Answers -Yellowish fluid that oozes from a wound.
It contains blood and body cells and dead/living bacteria.
Aerobic Bacteria - Answers -Needs oxygen to survive.
Anaerobic Bacteria - Answers -Does not need oxygen to survive.
Filterable Viruses - Answers -So small, they can pass through pores of porcelain filters.
Hygiene - Answers -Principles of maintaining health.
Sterilisation - Answers -Process of making an object germ free.
- Killing.
,Sterile - Answers -Free from all micro organisms.
Sterilise - Answers -Act of making an object germ free.
Sanitation - Answers -Measures carried to promote public health and prevent spread of
infection.
- Prevents Growth.
Sanitise - Answers -To render object clean and sanitary.
Asepsis/Aseptic - Answers -Condition of being free of all pathogenic bacteria.
Sepsis/Septic - Answers -Condition of being infected by pathogenic bacteria.
Antiseptic - Answers -Chemical agent that may destroy or retard growth of bacteria.
Not as strong as disinfectant and can be used on the skin.
Disinfectant - Answers -Chemical agent that has the power to destroy bacteria.
Not generally used on the skin.
Disinfect - Answers -Destroy bacteria on any object.
Fumigant - Answers -Vapour used to keep sterile objects sanitary, in a container or
drawer.
Bactericide/germicide - Answers -Chemical agent having the power to destroy
bacteria/germs.
Contagious - Answers -When a disease is transmitted by direct or indirect contact.
Wet Sanitiser - Answers -Where objects are completely immersed in a disinfectant.
Before use objects must be washed thoroughly with hot water and detergent then
rinsed.
Once removed from a sanitiser they must be rinsed and placed in dry cabinet sanitiser.
Dry Sanitiser - Answers -Airtight cabinets containing fumigant or UV radiation, objects
must be clean before use.
Antiseptic Ingredients - Answers -Alcohol
Boric Acid
Iodine
Hydrogen Peroxide
Disinfectant Ingredients - Answers -QUATS (Quaternary ammonium compounds).
,Formalin.
Formaldehyde.
Alcohol.
Sodium Hypo-Chlorite.
Properties Of A Good Disinfectant - Answers -Convenient to prepare.
Quick acting.
Practically odourless.
Non corrosive.
Economical.
Non irritating to the skin.
Precautions For Using Antiseptics And Disinfectants - Answers -Wear rubber gloves.
Keep containers properly labelled.
Do not breathe in fumes.
Keep containers sealed and in a safe place.
Avoid spillages.
Air Ventilation - Answers -Air should not be dry or stagnant, or have a stale or musty
odour.
Room temperatures should be around 26 degrees and must be ventilated.
Avoid the spread of aids by: - Answers -Wearing gloves in any procedures that involve
blood e.g. waxing.
Moist/wet heat sterilisation - Answers -BOILING: boiling at 100 degrees for 20 minutes.
STEAMING (AUTOCLAVE): steam pressure at 120-130 degrees for 20 minutes.
Dry heat sterilisation - Answers -BAKING: 149 degrees for 1 hour (often used in
hospitals)
BEAD: glass beads 250-260 degrees for a minimum of 30 seconds.
Gamma Ray Radiation - Answers -Destroys micro organisms through action of ionised
particles (not suited for salon use, mostly for the medical field).
First Level of Sanitation - Answers -Equipment that does not pierce the skin:
1. wash in warm soapy water
2. rinse
3. dry
4. wipe with metho
5. place in sanitising cabinet until use
, Second Level of Sanitation - Answers -Equipment in contact with mucous membranes
and pierce the skin:
1. rinse in COLD (prevents coagulation) soapy water
2. wash in warm soapy water
3. rinse
4. dry
5. immerse in disinfectant for 10 minutes
6. rinse, dry and place in sanitising cabinet until use
Third Level of Sanitation - Answers -Heat (moist or dry) and Radiation.
Bacteria - Answers -One celled living organisms, reproduce through amitosis.
Not visible to the naked eye.
-Pathogenic (disease forming)
-Non-pathogenic (good bacteria)
Ideal temperature is 37 degrees in warm, dark and moist environments.
Active Bacteria - Answers -Full growth in 20-30 minutes
Inactive Bacteria - Answers -Unable to grow and reproduce when exposed to too much
light, heat, lack of food or moisture.
Spores - Answers -Hard shell like covering that bacteria forms while environment is
unfavourable and allows bacteria to survive during that period.
Bacteria cannot cause disease while in spore.
Once conditions become favourable, the spores drop.
Cocci - Answers -Round berry shaped bacteria, are not able to move in liquid.
Can occur singularly or in groups.
3 main types: streptococci, staphlococci and diplococci.
Streptococci - Answers -Form in chains, commonly found in respiratory tract and
intestines.
Can cause blood poisoning, scarlet fever.
Staphylococci - Answers -Form in bunches or clusters, amongst the strongest of non-
spore forming bacteria.
Responsible for many skin disorders e.g. carbuncles, faruncles, food poisonng and
abcesses.
