NYSTCE - Teachers of Early Childhood (Part I) 211 questions and answers with
solutions
.
1. Stages of Language 1. occurs around 2 months old; speech-like sounds (e.g., goo, ga, ooo,
Acquisition ahh) 2. occurs around 6-7 months old; babbling of repetitive syllables
(e.g., bababa) that include phonemes from baby's native language
3. occurs around 12 months old; holophrastic or one-word utterance
stage; babies understand approximately 30-40 spoken words, and
produce 3-4 words 4. occurs around 18 months old; babies recognize
and point to objects when these objects are named, follow simple
directions, and can speak in simple 2-word sentences (e.g., dog brown)
5. occurs at about 25 months and older; toddlers utter complex
sentences containing 3 or more words
- by a child's 3rd birthday, they possess a vocabulary of about 450
words
- by 5 years old, children possess a vocabulary of 10K+ words
2. Language Acqui- learning to speak and understand without direct instruction
sition - connections to Noam Chomsky's universal grammar (grammatical
features are hard-wired into the brain)
3. Phonemes
4. Morphemes
5. Base Morpheme
1/5
, NYSTCE - Teachers of Early Childhood (Part I) 211 questions and answers with
solutions
.
- Broca's area: involved to distinguish between all possible phonemes until about 12 months
in language production old
- Wernicke's area: - at about 12 months old, babies start imitating language
involved in
understanding the smallest units of meaning in a language
language - free morpheme: can stand alone with a specific meaning (eat, date,
weak)
smallest unit of sound
- bound morpheme: cannot stand alone with meaning
- vowel and consonant
sounds, not all of gives the word its essential
which exist in English meaning - free base: woman in
- regardless of place of womanly
birth, infants are able - bound base: suffix -sent in dissent
6. Affix a bound morpheme that occurs before or after a base
- prefix: affix that occurs before the base; i.e., -ante, -pre, -un, -dis (all
prefixes are derivational)
- suffix: affix that occurs after the base; i.e., -ly, -er, -ism, -ness
7. Derivational Affix affix that attaches to a morpheme or word to derive a new word; serve to
alter the meaning of a word by building on a base
- e.g., the addition of prefix -un to the base word healthy --> creates
the word unhealthy and changes the meaning of the word healthy
2/5
solutions
.
1. Stages of Language 1. occurs around 2 months old; speech-like sounds (e.g., goo, ga, ooo,
Acquisition ahh) 2. occurs around 6-7 months old; babbling of repetitive syllables
(e.g., bababa) that include phonemes from baby's native language
3. occurs around 12 months old; holophrastic or one-word utterance
stage; babies understand approximately 30-40 spoken words, and
produce 3-4 words 4. occurs around 18 months old; babies recognize
and point to objects when these objects are named, follow simple
directions, and can speak in simple 2-word sentences (e.g., dog brown)
5. occurs at about 25 months and older; toddlers utter complex
sentences containing 3 or more words
- by a child's 3rd birthday, they possess a vocabulary of about 450
words
- by 5 years old, children possess a vocabulary of 10K+ words
2. Language Acqui- learning to speak and understand without direct instruction
sition - connections to Noam Chomsky's universal grammar (grammatical
features are hard-wired into the brain)
3. Phonemes
4. Morphemes
5. Base Morpheme
1/5
, NYSTCE - Teachers of Early Childhood (Part I) 211 questions and answers with
solutions
.
- Broca's area: involved to distinguish between all possible phonemes until about 12 months
in language production old
- Wernicke's area: - at about 12 months old, babies start imitating language
involved in
understanding the smallest units of meaning in a language
language - free morpheme: can stand alone with a specific meaning (eat, date,
weak)
smallest unit of sound
- bound morpheme: cannot stand alone with meaning
- vowel and consonant
sounds, not all of gives the word its essential
which exist in English meaning - free base: woman in
- regardless of place of womanly
birth, infants are able - bound base: suffix -sent in dissent
6. Affix a bound morpheme that occurs before or after a base
- prefix: affix that occurs before the base; i.e., -ante, -pre, -un, -dis (all
prefixes are derivational)
- suffix: affix that occurs after the base; i.e., -ly, -er, -ism, -ness
7. Derivational Affix affix that attaches to a morpheme or word to derive a new word; serve to
alter the meaning of a word by building on a base
- e.g., the addition of prefix -un to the base word healthy --> creates
the word unhealthy and changes the meaning of the word healthy
2/5
