ABCOP ORTHOTICS WRITTEN EXAM
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A single gait cycle is defined as the activity that occurs from: - ANS Heel strike on one side to
heel strike on the ipsilateral side
During which phase of gait are the hip extensors most active? - ANS Loading Response
Which muscle most closely duplicates the function of the tibialis anterior? - ANS Extensor
Hallucis Longus
Which of the following is often the result of an irregular birth? - ANS Multiple Sclerosis
A patient presents to your office with bossing of the right posterior cranium and flattening on
the left posterior cranium. How would you classify this? - ANS Left posterior brachycephalic
Which type of scoliosis is most likely the result of a leg length discrepancy? -
ANS Nonstructural scoliosis
What is the most appropriate for a median nerve injury at the wrist? - ANS WHO with thumb
post
In addition to the deltoid, the axillary nerve innervates the: - ANS Teres Minor
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, The axis of rotation of the hip joint is located: - ANS Anterior & Superior to the greater
trochanter
The gelatinous center of a spinal disc is the: - ANS Nucleus Pulposus
Which muscle serves to abduct the phalanges away from the 3rd digit? - ANS Dorsal
Interossei
The position of the thoracic facets most easily allows for which movements? - ANS Rotation
and Lateral Flexion
Which of the following is NOT true of Sheurmann's kyphosis? - ANS An LSO to posteriorly tilt
the pelvis will improve this condition
What gait deviation would you primarily expect to see with a tibial nerve lesion? -
ANS Uncontrolled tibial advancement in stance phase
What compensatory motion would most likely be seen in an individual with quadriceps
weakness? - ANS Forward trunk lean
Hydrocephalus often accompanies which of the following? - ANS Spina Bifida
The lumbricals function to: - ANS Flex the MCP joints and extend the PIP joints
What is NOT true of the gluteus maximums - ANS It functions as an internal rotator of the hip
Maximum plantarflexion occurs at what phase of gait? - ANS Pre Swing
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, Which muscle is NOT innervated by the obturator nerve? - ANS Sartorius
What is NOT true of gait? - ANS Initial swing begins at toe off and continues until the tibia
reaches vertical
What is the principle to follow when fitting a Milwaukee TLSO? - ANS The loading vector for
thoracic and lumbar pads should be anteromedial in almost all cases
An orthosis for a patient post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction should primarily
control: - ANS Anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
Which muscle does not act on the wrist: - ANS Brachioradialis
You are testing a patient's L3-L5 Myotomes. Which motions do you test? - ANS Knee
Extension, Dorsiflexion, & Great toe Extension
A patient comes into your office for an orthosis to prevent glenohumeral subluxation. What
positions should the shoulder be places in? - ANS Abduction and internal rotation
What would a proximal lesion of the musculocutaneous nerve NOT affect? -
ANS Brachioradialis
What position is the hip typically in during heel strike? - ANS 30 degrees flexion
The muscles that pass posterior to the lateral malleolus act to: - ANS Plantarflex and evert
the foot
What is the standard clearance for knee joints on a KAFO? - ANS 3mm Laterally, 6mm
medially
3 Copyright ©BRIGHSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2025
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A single gait cycle is defined as the activity that occurs from: - ANS Heel strike on one side to
heel strike on the ipsilateral side
During which phase of gait are the hip extensors most active? - ANS Loading Response
Which muscle most closely duplicates the function of the tibialis anterior? - ANS Extensor
Hallucis Longus
Which of the following is often the result of an irregular birth? - ANS Multiple Sclerosis
A patient presents to your office with bossing of the right posterior cranium and flattening on
the left posterior cranium. How would you classify this? - ANS Left posterior brachycephalic
Which type of scoliosis is most likely the result of a leg length discrepancy? -
ANS Nonstructural scoliosis
What is the most appropriate for a median nerve injury at the wrist? - ANS WHO with thumb
post
In addition to the deltoid, the axillary nerve innervates the: - ANS Teres Minor
1 Copyright ©BRIGHSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2025
, The axis of rotation of the hip joint is located: - ANS Anterior & Superior to the greater
trochanter
The gelatinous center of a spinal disc is the: - ANS Nucleus Pulposus
Which muscle serves to abduct the phalanges away from the 3rd digit? - ANS Dorsal
Interossei
The position of the thoracic facets most easily allows for which movements? - ANS Rotation
and Lateral Flexion
Which of the following is NOT true of Sheurmann's kyphosis? - ANS An LSO to posteriorly tilt
the pelvis will improve this condition
What gait deviation would you primarily expect to see with a tibial nerve lesion? -
ANS Uncontrolled tibial advancement in stance phase
What compensatory motion would most likely be seen in an individual with quadriceps
weakness? - ANS Forward trunk lean
Hydrocephalus often accompanies which of the following? - ANS Spina Bifida
The lumbricals function to: - ANS Flex the MCP joints and extend the PIP joints
What is NOT true of the gluteus maximums - ANS It functions as an internal rotator of the hip
Maximum plantarflexion occurs at what phase of gait? - ANS Pre Swing
2 Copyright ©BRIGHSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2025
, Which muscle is NOT innervated by the obturator nerve? - ANS Sartorius
What is NOT true of gait? - ANS Initial swing begins at toe off and continues until the tibia
reaches vertical
What is the principle to follow when fitting a Milwaukee TLSO? - ANS The loading vector for
thoracic and lumbar pads should be anteromedial in almost all cases
An orthosis for a patient post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction should primarily
control: - ANS Anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
Which muscle does not act on the wrist: - ANS Brachioradialis
You are testing a patient's L3-L5 Myotomes. Which motions do you test? - ANS Knee
Extension, Dorsiflexion, & Great toe Extension
A patient comes into your office for an orthosis to prevent glenohumeral subluxation. What
positions should the shoulder be places in? - ANS Abduction and internal rotation
What would a proximal lesion of the musculocutaneous nerve NOT affect? -
ANS Brachioradialis
What position is the hip typically in during heel strike? - ANS 30 degrees flexion
The muscles that pass posterior to the lateral malleolus act to: - ANS Plantarflex and evert
the foot
What is the standard clearance for knee joints on a KAFO? - ANS 3mm Laterally, 6mm
medially
3 Copyright ©BRIGHSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2025
