HESI MILESTONE REMEDIATION ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
HE SI MILE STO NE 3 REMEDIATION 2024 ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS 200 QUESTIONS AND
C O R R E C T DETAILE D A N S W E R S WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED A N S WE R S ) |ALREADY GRADE D
A+
A 10-year-old child has undergone a cardiac catheterization through the left femoral
artery. During a postprocedural assessment, the nurse finds the left foot is pulseless
and cool to touch. Which is the likely cause?
A. hemorrhage
B. hematoma
C. fasciculation
D. tamponade – Ans B. hematoma
Cardiac catheterization is a routine diagnostic procedure; however, it is not without
risks. Loss of pulse in the catheterized extremity is likely due to a hematoma and
requires immediate intervention to restore circulation.
A 10-year-old client with a recent history of playing in the woods, presents to the school
nurse's clinic with localized skin eruptions on the hands and feet which are streaked,
consisting of blisters discharging clear fluid that are painful and itchy. What should the
school nurse suspect to be the causative agent?
A. sun burn
B. poison ivy
C. insect bite
D. heat rash
Contact with the oil called "Urushiol" which is found in poison ivy, oak and sumac may
produce an allergic reaction. Symptoms include localized, streaked, or oozing blisters.
These skin lesions are usually painful and itchy. - Ans
A 10-year-old client with asthma arrives at an urgent care clinic with apparent bronchial
constriction. Which class of drugs should the nurse expect to be administered for this
condition?
A. methylxanthines
B. anticholinergic
C. long-acting beta2 agonists
D. oral corticosteroids – Ans D. oral corticosteroids
Corticosteroids are fast-acting anti-inflammatory drugs. They are used to treat reversible
airflow obstruction, control symptoms, and reduce bronchial constriction with the fewest
side effects.
A 12-month-old client is being discharged with a body spica cast. Which information
should the nurse include in the parents' discharge teaching plan?
A. foul odor from cast may indicate infection or skin breakdown
B. pillows should not be placed under cast
C. the child can safely transported in a stroller
D. use pillows to elevate the child's head – Ans A. foul odor from cast may
indicate infection or skin breakdown
Care of a child in a body spica cast can be challenging for parents at home. Skin under
the cast should be protected from injury and debris, so parents should be instructed that
a foul odor from the cast can be indicative of skin breakdown or infection and to contact
their health care provider.
,HESI MILESTONE REMEDIATION ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
A 12-year-old athlete reports severe ankle pain and an audible "popping" sound in the
ankle after a fall at soccer practice. The nurse upon inspection observes moderate
swelling, bruising, and joint instability. Initial radiographs of the ankle appear normal.
Which type of injury should the nurse suspect?
A. strain
B. sprain
C. fracture
D. dislocation – Ans B. Sprain
The ankle is a common site for sprain injuries. Ankle sprains can range from mild (grade
1) to severe (grade 3), with complete tearing of a ligament in the most severe sprains. A
"popping" sound is likely an indication of a partial or complete ligament tear; joint
instability may be detected at the end-ranges of passive motion.
A 15-year-old client presents with a lump and persistent pain in the right upper thigh
area, and is subsequently diagnosed with a high-grade osteosarcoma. The nurse
should anticipate which plan of treatment for this client?
A. hot/cold topical applications
B. amputation of the limb
C. electrical stimulation therapy
D. prolonged immobilization – Ans B. amputation of the limb
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in childhood and considered one of the
most fatal. Treatment generally includes chemotherapy and amputation of the affected
limb. As of today, there is no meedical set plan of care.
A child diagnosed with HIV is being enrolled in a new school. Who has the right to
inform the school of this child's HIV status?
A. doctors or nurses
B. social workers
C. parents or legal guardians
D. child welfare department – Ans C. parents or legal guardians
Confidentiality is a major issue in school attendance. The parents or legal guardians
have the right to decide whether or not to inform the school of their child's HIV status.
A child has been diagnosed with chicken pox and the nurse teaches the parent not to
give the child aspirin. Which condition may result when a child with chickenpox is given
aspirin?
A. Reye's syndrome
B. Huntingtons disease
c. Raynaud syndrome
D. purpura disorder – Ans A. reye's syndrome
Reye's syndrome is a rare, but serious condition that causes brain and liver damage
that has been linked with aspirin use in children, when given to treat a viral infections,
such as chicken pox. Reye's syndrome can be prevented by avoiding the use of aspirin
in children.
,HESI MILESTONE REMEDIATION ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
A child is admitted with a diagnosis of suspected acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Which test is performed to confirm this diagnosis of childhood leukemia?
A. cerebral spinal fluid analysis
B. bone marrow aspiration
C. C B C
D. genetic testing – Ans B. bone marrow aspiration
ALL is a form of cancer in which high numbers of abnormal white blood cells are
produced. A bone marrow biopsy that reveals primary blast cells is confirmation of a
leukemia.
A child is brought to the emergency department after ingesting a large amount of
household drain cleaner. Which is the nurse's first priority when caring for this client?
A. perform NG suctioning
B. Assess and maintain an open airway
C. give small amounts of water to ingest
D. Obtain chest and abdomen radiographs – Ans B. assess and maintain an open
airway Ingestion of corrosive household agents may cause airway obstruction due to
rapidly developing laryngeal edema. The first priority is to assess and monitor the client's
airway.
A child recently underwent cardiac surgery and is admitted with a suspected diagnosis
of infective endocarditis. Which presentation should the nurse expect when assessing
this client?
A. bradycardia, lethargy, speech disturbances
B. high fever, irregular movement of joints, involuntary facial grimaces
c. tachycardia, chest pain, swollen and painful joints
D. low grade fever, anorexia, splinter hemorrhages under the nails – Ans D. low
grade fever, anorexia, splinter hemorrhages under the nails
Children who undergo cardiac surgery are at higher risk for infection. Common clinical
signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis are unexplained fever (low-grade and
intermittent), anorexia, malaise, and splinter hemorrhages under the nails
A child with severe burns begins to exhibit decreased level of consciousness and
lethargy four days after being admitted to the burn unit. The nurse's assessment reveals
a low-grade fever, but the client's other vital signs are stable. The nurse should be alert
for which potential complication?
A. respiratory failure
B. dehydration
C. sepsis
D. hypovolemia – Ans C. sepsis
Dead tissue and exudate associated with burned skin provides a fertile field for bacterial
growth. If the burn site is contaminated with infectious material, sepsis may occur.
Decreased level of consciousness and lethargy are early signs of sepsis.
A five-year-old client who had been prescribed amoxicillin, presents to the clinic with
urticaria. Which medication is recommended for initial treatment of this condition?
, HESI MILESTONE REMEDIATION ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
A. epinephrine
B. diphenhydramine
C. ibuprofen
D. doxepin – Ans B. diphenhydramine
Medications are a common cause of anaphylaxis in children. Acute urticaria, also known
as hives, is a skin reaction common side effect associated with amoxicillin. First-line
treatment consists administration of an antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine orally,
followed by hydrocortisone topically dependent upon the severity of the urticaria.
A mother brings in a three-year-old child who has respiratory rate of 36 breathes per
minute; heart rate of 160 beats per minute; weaken and thready pulse; and pale and
sweaty skin. The nurse suspects the child is going into shock which action should the
nurse perform first?
A. obtain ABG's
B. obtain vitals
C. administer O2
D. Establish IV access – Ans C. Administer oxygen
When providing care to a child in shock, the nurse's priority is to ensure adequate
oxygenation. The nurse should administer oxygen or provide assistance in establishing
an airway. The best way to remember the order of priority of care to be given is the
"ABCs"; airway, bleeding and circulation
A nurse has obtained a weight of 17.6 pounds (8 kg) for a 15-month-old child. The
child's ideal body weight is 26.4 pounds (12 kg). How should be the nurse interpret this
body weight?
A. normal variation
B. mild wasting
C. moderate wasting
D. severe wasting – Ans D. severe wasting
This child has a body weight 66% less than the ideal body weight for this age (15
months). A body weight less than 70% of the ideal body weight is defined as severe
wasting.
A nurse is assessing a three year old diagnosed with psoriasis. Which is a common
treatment for most forms of psoriasis?
A. exfoliation
B. cyrotherapy
C. oral antibiotics
D. phototherapy – Ans D. phototherapy
All types of psoriasis commonly respond to topical creams and phototherapy (ultraviolet
light exposure) when administered 3 to 5 times a week.
A pediatric client is admitted with sepsis and a high-grade fever following an episode of
gastritis. The nurse's assessment reveals cool skin; normal pulse and blood pressure;
decreased urinary output; and a diminished mental state. Which term describes this
stage of septic shock?
HE SI MILE STO NE 3 REMEDIATION 2024 ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS 200 QUESTIONS AND
C O R R E C T DETAILE D A N S W E R S WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED A N S WE R S ) |ALREADY GRADE D
A+
A 10-year-old child has undergone a cardiac catheterization through the left femoral
artery. During a postprocedural assessment, the nurse finds the left foot is pulseless
and cool to touch. Which is the likely cause?
A. hemorrhage
B. hematoma
C. fasciculation
D. tamponade – Ans B. hematoma
Cardiac catheterization is a routine diagnostic procedure; however, it is not without
risks. Loss of pulse in the catheterized extremity is likely due to a hematoma and
requires immediate intervention to restore circulation.
A 10-year-old client with a recent history of playing in the woods, presents to the school
nurse's clinic with localized skin eruptions on the hands and feet which are streaked,
consisting of blisters discharging clear fluid that are painful and itchy. What should the
school nurse suspect to be the causative agent?
A. sun burn
B. poison ivy
C. insect bite
D. heat rash
Contact with the oil called "Urushiol" which is found in poison ivy, oak and sumac may
produce an allergic reaction. Symptoms include localized, streaked, or oozing blisters.
These skin lesions are usually painful and itchy. - Ans
A 10-year-old client with asthma arrives at an urgent care clinic with apparent bronchial
constriction. Which class of drugs should the nurse expect to be administered for this
condition?
A. methylxanthines
B. anticholinergic
C. long-acting beta2 agonists
D. oral corticosteroids – Ans D. oral corticosteroids
Corticosteroids are fast-acting anti-inflammatory drugs. They are used to treat reversible
airflow obstruction, control symptoms, and reduce bronchial constriction with the fewest
side effects.
A 12-month-old client is being discharged with a body spica cast. Which information
should the nurse include in the parents' discharge teaching plan?
A. foul odor from cast may indicate infection or skin breakdown
B. pillows should not be placed under cast
C. the child can safely transported in a stroller
D. use pillows to elevate the child's head – Ans A. foul odor from cast may
indicate infection or skin breakdown
Care of a child in a body spica cast can be challenging for parents at home. Skin under
the cast should be protected from injury and debris, so parents should be instructed that
a foul odor from the cast can be indicative of skin breakdown or infection and to contact
their health care provider.
,HESI MILESTONE REMEDIATION ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
A 12-year-old athlete reports severe ankle pain and an audible "popping" sound in the
ankle after a fall at soccer practice. The nurse upon inspection observes moderate
swelling, bruising, and joint instability. Initial radiographs of the ankle appear normal.
Which type of injury should the nurse suspect?
A. strain
B. sprain
C. fracture
D. dislocation – Ans B. Sprain
The ankle is a common site for sprain injuries. Ankle sprains can range from mild (grade
1) to severe (grade 3), with complete tearing of a ligament in the most severe sprains. A
"popping" sound is likely an indication of a partial or complete ligament tear; joint
instability may be detected at the end-ranges of passive motion.
A 15-year-old client presents with a lump and persistent pain in the right upper thigh
area, and is subsequently diagnosed with a high-grade osteosarcoma. The nurse
should anticipate which plan of treatment for this client?
A. hot/cold topical applications
B. amputation of the limb
C. electrical stimulation therapy
D. prolonged immobilization – Ans B. amputation of the limb
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer in childhood and considered one of the
most fatal. Treatment generally includes chemotherapy and amputation of the affected
limb. As of today, there is no meedical set plan of care.
A child diagnosed with HIV is being enrolled in a new school. Who has the right to
inform the school of this child's HIV status?
A. doctors or nurses
B. social workers
C. parents or legal guardians
D. child welfare department – Ans C. parents or legal guardians
Confidentiality is a major issue in school attendance. The parents or legal guardians
have the right to decide whether or not to inform the school of their child's HIV status.
A child has been diagnosed with chicken pox and the nurse teaches the parent not to
give the child aspirin. Which condition may result when a child with chickenpox is given
aspirin?
A. Reye's syndrome
B. Huntingtons disease
c. Raynaud syndrome
D. purpura disorder – Ans A. reye's syndrome
Reye's syndrome is a rare, but serious condition that causes brain and liver damage
that has been linked with aspirin use in children, when given to treat a viral infections,
such as chicken pox. Reye's syndrome can be prevented by avoiding the use of aspirin
in children.
,HESI MILESTONE REMEDIATION ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
A child is admitted with a diagnosis of suspected acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Which test is performed to confirm this diagnosis of childhood leukemia?
A. cerebral spinal fluid analysis
B. bone marrow aspiration
C. C B C
D. genetic testing – Ans B. bone marrow aspiration
ALL is a form of cancer in which high numbers of abnormal white blood cells are
produced. A bone marrow biopsy that reveals primary blast cells is confirmation of a
leukemia.
A child is brought to the emergency department after ingesting a large amount of
household drain cleaner. Which is the nurse's first priority when caring for this client?
A. perform NG suctioning
B. Assess and maintain an open airway
C. give small amounts of water to ingest
D. Obtain chest and abdomen radiographs – Ans B. assess and maintain an open
airway Ingestion of corrosive household agents may cause airway obstruction due to
rapidly developing laryngeal edema. The first priority is to assess and monitor the client's
airway.
A child recently underwent cardiac surgery and is admitted with a suspected diagnosis
of infective endocarditis. Which presentation should the nurse expect when assessing
this client?
A. bradycardia, lethargy, speech disturbances
B. high fever, irregular movement of joints, involuntary facial grimaces
c. tachycardia, chest pain, swollen and painful joints
D. low grade fever, anorexia, splinter hemorrhages under the nails – Ans D. low
grade fever, anorexia, splinter hemorrhages under the nails
Children who undergo cardiac surgery are at higher risk for infection. Common clinical
signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis are unexplained fever (low-grade and
intermittent), anorexia, malaise, and splinter hemorrhages under the nails
A child with severe burns begins to exhibit decreased level of consciousness and
lethargy four days after being admitted to the burn unit. The nurse's assessment reveals
a low-grade fever, but the client's other vital signs are stable. The nurse should be alert
for which potential complication?
A. respiratory failure
B. dehydration
C. sepsis
D. hypovolemia – Ans C. sepsis
Dead tissue and exudate associated with burned skin provides a fertile field for bacterial
growth. If the burn site is contaminated with infectious material, sepsis may occur.
Decreased level of consciousness and lethargy are early signs of sepsis.
A five-year-old client who had been prescribed amoxicillin, presents to the clinic with
urticaria. Which medication is recommended for initial treatment of this condition?
, HESI MILESTONE REMEDIATION ACTUAL EXAM CONTAINS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
A. epinephrine
B. diphenhydramine
C. ibuprofen
D. doxepin – Ans B. diphenhydramine
Medications are a common cause of anaphylaxis in children. Acute urticaria, also known
as hives, is a skin reaction common side effect associated with amoxicillin. First-line
treatment consists administration of an antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine orally,
followed by hydrocortisone topically dependent upon the severity of the urticaria.
A mother brings in a three-year-old child who has respiratory rate of 36 breathes per
minute; heart rate of 160 beats per minute; weaken and thready pulse; and pale and
sweaty skin. The nurse suspects the child is going into shock which action should the
nurse perform first?
A. obtain ABG's
B. obtain vitals
C. administer O2
D. Establish IV access – Ans C. Administer oxygen
When providing care to a child in shock, the nurse's priority is to ensure adequate
oxygenation. The nurse should administer oxygen or provide assistance in establishing
an airway. The best way to remember the order of priority of care to be given is the
"ABCs"; airway, bleeding and circulation
A nurse has obtained a weight of 17.6 pounds (8 kg) for a 15-month-old child. The
child's ideal body weight is 26.4 pounds (12 kg). How should be the nurse interpret this
body weight?
A. normal variation
B. mild wasting
C. moderate wasting
D. severe wasting – Ans D. severe wasting
This child has a body weight 66% less than the ideal body weight for this age (15
months). A body weight less than 70% of the ideal body weight is defined as severe
wasting.
A nurse is assessing a three year old diagnosed with psoriasis. Which is a common
treatment for most forms of psoriasis?
A. exfoliation
B. cyrotherapy
C. oral antibiotics
D. phototherapy – Ans D. phototherapy
All types of psoriasis commonly respond to topical creams and phototherapy (ultraviolet
light exposure) when administered 3 to 5 times a week.
A pediatric client is admitted with sepsis and a high-grade fever following an episode of
gastritis. The nurse's assessment reveals cool skin; normal pulse and blood pressure;
decreased urinary output; and a diminished mental state. Which term describes this
stage of septic shock?
