Pharmacology HESI - Respiratory System Drugs
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1. A client has been taking b. Peripheral neuritis
isoniazid for 2 months.
The client complains to Rationale: Isoniazid is an antitubercular medication. A common side
the nurse about numb- effect of isoniazid is peripheral neuritis, manifested by numbness, tin-
ness, paresthesias, and gling, and paresthesias in the extremities. This can be minimized with
tingling in the extremi- pyridoxine (vitamin B6) intake. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not associated
ties. The nurse interprets with the information in the question.
that the client is experi-
Strategy: Focus on the data in the question, numbness, paresthesias,
encing which problem?
and tingling in the extremities. Options 3 and 4 would not cause the
a. Hypercalcemia
symptoms presented in the question but instead would cause pallor
b. Peripheral neuritis
and coolness. From the remaining options, you should know that pe-
c. Small blood vessel
ripheral neuritis is an adverse effect of isoniazid, and that these signs
spasm
and symptoms do not correlate with hypercalcemia.
d. Impaired peripheral
circulation
2. A client has a prescrip- c. Take the tablet with a full glass of water
tion to take guaifenesin.
The nurse determines Rationale: Guaifenesin is an expectorant and should be taken with a full
that the client under- glass of water to decrease the viscosity of secretions. Extra doses should
stands the proper ad- not be taken. The client should contact the primary health care provider
ministration of this med- if the cough lasts longer than 1 week or is accompanied by fever, rash,
ication if the client states sore throat, or persistent headache. Fluids are needed to decrease the
that she or he will per- viscosity of secretions. The medication does not have to be taken with
form which action? meals.
a. Take an extra dose if
Strategy: Begin to answer this question by eliminating option 1 first,
fever develops
recalling that extra doses of medication should not be taken. Next,
b. Take the medication
eliminate option 2 because of the closed-ended word "only." Next,
with meals only
knowing that increased fluid helps liquefy secretions for more effective
c. Take the tablet with a
coughing directs you to the correct option.
full glass of water
, Pharmacology HESI - Respiratory System Drugs
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7t7g0
d. Decrease the amount
of daily fluid intake
3. The nurse is preparing c. Resuscitation equipment
to administer a dose
of naloxone intravenous- Rationale: The nurse administering naloxone for suspected opioid over-
ly to a client with an opi- dose should have resuscitation equipment readily available to support
oid overdose. Which sup- naloxone therapy if it is needed. Other adjuncts that may be needed
portive medical equip- include oxygen, a mechanical ventilator, and vasopressors.
ment should the nurse
Strategy: Focus on the subject, supportive medical equipment. Note
plan to have at the
the words opioid overdose. Recalling the effects of these types of
client's bedside?
medications will direct you to the correct option. The correct option is
a. Nasogastric tube
also the umbrella option.
b. Paracentesis tray
c. Resuscitation equip-
ment
d. Central line insertion
tray
4. The nurse teaches a a. "I will take the medication on an empty stomach."
client about the ef-
fects of diphenhy- Rationale: Diphenhydramine has several uses, including as an antihista-
dramine, which has mine, antitussive, antidyskinetic, and sedative-hypnotic. Instructions for
been prescribed as a use include taking with food or milk to decrease gastrointestinal upset
cough suppressant. The and using oral rinses, sugarless gum, or hard candy to minimize dry
nurse determines that mouth. Because the medication causes drowsiness, the client should
the client needs fur- avoid use of alcohol or central nervous system depressants, operating
ther instruction if the a car, or engaging in other activities requiring mental awareness during
client makes which state- use.
ment?
Strategy: Note the strategic words, needs further instruction. These
a. "I will take the medica-
words indicate a negative event query and ask you to select an option
tion on an empty stom-
, Pharmacology HESI - Respiratory System Drugs
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7t7g0
ach." that is incorrect. Knowing that the medication has a sedative effect
b. "I won't drink alcohol helps you eliminate options 2 and 3 first because they are comparable
while taking this medica- or alike. Recalling that the medication causes a dry mouth helps you
tion." choose the correct option as the answer, according to the way the
c. "I won't do activities question is stated.
that require mental alert-
ness while taking this
medication."
d. "I will use sugarless
gum, candy, or oral rins-
es to decrease dryness in
my mouth."
5. A cromolyn sodium in- d. Bronchospasm
haler is prescribed for
a client with allergic Rationale: Cromolyn sodium is an inhaled nonsteroidal antiallergy
asthma. The nurse pro- agent and a mast cell stabilizer. Undesirable effects associated with
vides instructions re- inhalation therapy of cromolyn sodium are bronchospasm, cough, nasal
garding the adverse ef- congestion, throat irritation, and wheezing. Clients receiving this med-
fects of this medication ication orally may experience pruritus, nausea, diarrhea, and myalgia.
and should tell the client
Strategy: Note the words undesirable effect. This should assist in di-
that which undesirable
recting you to the correct option. In addition, use the ABCs—airway,
effect is associated with
breathing, and circulation—to select the correct option. The correct
this medication?
option addresses the airway.
a. Insomnia
b. Constipation
c. Hypotension
d. Bronchospasm
6. Terbutaline is prescribed c. Diabetes mellitus
for a client with bron-
chitis. Which disorder in Rationale: Terbutaline is a bronchodilator and is contraindicated in
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7t7g0
1. A client has been taking b. Peripheral neuritis
isoniazid for 2 months.
The client complains to Rationale: Isoniazid is an antitubercular medication. A common side
the nurse about numb- effect of isoniazid is peripheral neuritis, manifested by numbness, tin-
ness, paresthesias, and gling, and paresthesias in the extremities. This can be minimized with
tingling in the extremi- pyridoxine (vitamin B6) intake. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not associated
ties. The nurse interprets with the information in the question.
that the client is experi-
Strategy: Focus on the data in the question, numbness, paresthesias,
encing which problem?
and tingling in the extremities. Options 3 and 4 would not cause the
a. Hypercalcemia
symptoms presented in the question but instead would cause pallor
b. Peripheral neuritis
and coolness. From the remaining options, you should know that pe-
c. Small blood vessel
ripheral neuritis is an adverse effect of isoniazid, and that these signs
spasm
and symptoms do not correlate with hypercalcemia.
d. Impaired peripheral
circulation
2. A client has a prescrip- c. Take the tablet with a full glass of water
tion to take guaifenesin.
The nurse determines Rationale: Guaifenesin is an expectorant and should be taken with a full
that the client under- glass of water to decrease the viscosity of secretions. Extra doses should
stands the proper ad- not be taken. The client should contact the primary health care provider
ministration of this med- if the cough lasts longer than 1 week or is accompanied by fever, rash,
ication if the client states sore throat, or persistent headache. Fluids are needed to decrease the
that she or he will per- viscosity of secretions. The medication does not have to be taken with
form which action? meals.
a. Take an extra dose if
Strategy: Begin to answer this question by eliminating option 1 first,
fever develops
recalling that extra doses of medication should not be taken. Next,
b. Take the medication
eliminate option 2 because of the closed-ended word "only." Next,
with meals only
knowing that increased fluid helps liquefy secretions for more effective
c. Take the tablet with a
coughing directs you to the correct option.
full glass of water
, Pharmacology HESI - Respiratory System Drugs
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7t7g0
d. Decrease the amount
of daily fluid intake
3. The nurse is preparing c. Resuscitation equipment
to administer a dose
of naloxone intravenous- Rationale: The nurse administering naloxone for suspected opioid over-
ly to a client with an opi- dose should have resuscitation equipment readily available to support
oid overdose. Which sup- naloxone therapy if it is needed. Other adjuncts that may be needed
portive medical equip- include oxygen, a mechanical ventilator, and vasopressors.
ment should the nurse
Strategy: Focus on the subject, supportive medical equipment. Note
plan to have at the
the words opioid overdose. Recalling the effects of these types of
client's bedside?
medications will direct you to the correct option. The correct option is
a. Nasogastric tube
also the umbrella option.
b. Paracentesis tray
c. Resuscitation equip-
ment
d. Central line insertion
tray
4. The nurse teaches a a. "I will take the medication on an empty stomach."
client about the ef-
fects of diphenhy- Rationale: Diphenhydramine has several uses, including as an antihista-
dramine, which has mine, antitussive, antidyskinetic, and sedative-hypnotic. Instructions for
been prescribed as a use include taking with food or milk to decrease gastrointestinal upset
cough suppressant. The and using oral rinses, sugarless gum, or hard candy to minimize dry
nurse determines that mouth. Because the medication causes drowsiness, the client should
the client needs fur- avoid use of alcohol or central nervous system depressants, operating
ther instruction if the a car, or engaging in other activities requiring mental awareness during
client makes which state- use.
ment?
Strategy: Note the strategic words, needs further instruction. These
a. "I will take the medica-
words indicate a negative event query and ask you to select an option
tion on an empty stom-
, Pharmacology HESI - Respiratory System Drugs
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_c7t7g0
ach." that is incorrect. Knowing that the medication has a sedative effect
b. "I won't drink alcohol helps you eliminate options 2 and 3 first because they are comparable
while taking this medica- or alike. Recalling that the medication causes a dry mouth helps you
tion." choose the correct option as the answer, according to the way the
c. "I won't do activities question is stated.
that require mental alert-
ness while taking this
medication."
d. "I will use sugarless
gum, candy, or oral rins-
es to decrease dryness in
my mouth."
5. A cromolyn sodium in- d. Bronchospasm
haler is prescribed for
a client with allergic Rationale: Cromolyn sodium is an inhaled nonsteroidal antiallergy
asthma. The nurse pro- agent and a mast cell stabilizer. Undesirable effects associated with
vides instructions re- inhalation therapy of cromolyn sodium are bronchospasm, cough, nasal
garding the adverse ef- congestion, throat irritation, and wheezing. Clients receiving this med-
fects of this medication ication orally may experience pruritus, nausea, diarrhea, and myalgia.
and should tell the client
Strategy: Note the words undesirable effect. This should assist in di-
that which undesirable
recting you to the correct option. In addition, use the ABCs—airway,
effect is associated with
breathing, and circulation—to select the correct option. The correct
this medication?
option addresses the airway.
a. Insomnia
b. Constipation
c. Hypotension
d. Bronchospasm
6. Terbutaline is prescribed c. Diabetes mellitus
for a client with bron-
chitis. Which disorder in Rationale: Terbutaline is a bronchodilator and is contraindicated in
