BIO302 Exam 1 Actual Exam
Questions and Answers A+ Graded
(2025)
Cerebrum .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .largest .division .of .the .brain
-divided .into .two .hemispheres .and .4 .lobes
Cerebral .Cortex .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .outermost .layer .of .gray .matter .making
.up .the .superficial .aspect .of .the .cerebrum
Gyri .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-elevated .ridges .of .the .cortex
Sulci .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-small .grooves .dividing .the .gyri
Central .Sulcus .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-separates .frontal .and .parietal .lobes
Function .of .Gyri .and .Sulci .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-increase .surface .area, .allowing
.more .information .to .be .packed .into .the .brain.
Fissures .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-deep .grooves, .generally .dividing .large
.regions/lobes .of .the .brain
Frontal .Lobe .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-responsible .for .higher .order .thinking,
.decision .making/reasoning, .emotional .regulation, .personality, .and .long-term
.memory .formation
-what .makes .us .different .from .other .organisms
Parietal .Lobe .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-responsible .for .interpreting .external
.information/senses .and .sensations, .and .spatial .awareness .and .perception
Occipital .Lobe .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-responsible .for .the .processing, .integration,
.and .interpretation .of .vision .and .visual .stimuli
Temporal .Lobe .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-responsible .for .hearing, .memory
.formation, .organization/comprehension .of .language, .and .memory . retrieval
, What .did .the .Phineas .Gage .case .study .teach .us? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--damage
.to .his .frontal .lobe .resulted .in .personality .change .and .hypofrontality .(child-like,
.profane, .inappropriate .behavior)
-photo .found .later .of .him .as .a .stagecoach .driver .with .high .social .standing .in
.Chile .shows .that .he .was .able .to .have .some .degree .of .social .recovery .(with
.significant .structure, .coping .support .and .social .skills/personality .can .stabilize,
.allowing .him .to .live .a .normal .life)
-neuroplasticity
What .makes .up .Central .Nervous .System .(CNS)? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-brain .+
.spinal .cord
What .makes .up .Peripheral .Nervous .System .(PNS)? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-all
.other .nerves .in .body
Ratio .of .neurons .to .glial .cells .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-approximately .1:1
Nissl .Stain .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-selectively .stains .cell .bodies
-big .cells .are .neurons .and .small .cells .are .glia
Golgi .Stain .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .histological .stain .that .fills .a .small .proportion
.of .neurons .with .a .dark, .silver-based .precipitate
-visualization .of .entire .neuron .morphology
-labels .only .a .subset .of .neurons
Neurons .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-basic .unit .of .the .brain/nervous .system
Neuroglia/Glial .Cells .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-supporting .cells .for .neuron .function
All .neurons .have... .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-cell .body/soma, .dendrites, .and .axon
Dendrites .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--Branchlike .parts .of .a .neuron .that .are
.specialized .to .receive .information
-sites .of .plasticity
-cellular .basis .of .learning .and .memory
Cell .Body/Soma .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--contains .the .nucleus .and .other .parts .of
.the .cell .needed .to .sustain .its .life
-has .organelles .for .gene .expression, .protein .production, .protein .packaging .etc.
-weighs .incoming .signals .to .determine .if .neuron .will .fire .action .potential
Axon .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--the .extension .of .a .neuron, .ending .in .branching
.terminal .fibers, .through .which .messages .pass .to .other .neurons .or .to .muscles
.or .glands
-extends .from .axon .hillock .to .synaptic .terminals
-sends .signals .to .other .neurons
Axon .Hillock .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-initiation .site .for .action .potentials
Questions and Answers A+ Graded
(2025)
Cerebrum .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .largest .division .of .the .brain
-divided .into .two .hemispheres .and .4 .lobes
Cerebral .Cortex .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .outermost .layer .of .gray .matter .making
.up .the .superficial .aspect .of .the .cerebrum
Gyri .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-elevated .ridges .of .the .cortex
Sulci .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-small .grooves .dividing .the .gyri
Central .Sulcus .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-separates .frontal .and .parietal .lobes
Function .of .Gyri .and .Sulci .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-increase .surface .area, .allowing
.more .information .to .be .packed .into .the .brain.
Fissures .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-deep .grooves, .generally .dividing .large
.regions/lobes .of .the .brain
Frontal .Lobe .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-responsible .for .higher .order .thinking,
.decision .making/reasoning, .emotional .regulation, .personality, .and .long-term
.memory .formation
-what .makes .us .different .from .other .organisms
Parietal .Lobe .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-responsible .for .interpreting .external
.information/senses .and .sensations, .and .spatial .awareness .and .perception
Occipital .Lobe .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-responsible .for .the .processing, .integration,
.and .interpretation .of .vision .and .visual .stimuli
Temporal .Lobe .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-responsible .for .hearing, .memory
.formation, .organization/comprehension .of .language, .and .memory . retrieval
, What .did .the .Phineas .Gage .case .study .teach .us? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--damage
.to .his .frontal .lobe .resulted .in .personality .change .and .hypofrontality .(child-like,
.profane, .inappropriate .behavior)
-photo .found .later .of .him .as .a .stagecoach .driver .with .high .social .standing .in
.Chile .shows .that .he .was .able .to .have .some .degree .of .social .recovery .(with
.significant .structure, .coping .support .and .social .skills/personality .can .stabilize,
.allowing .him .to .live .a .normal .life)
-neuroplasticity
What .makes .up .Central .Nervous .System .(CNS)? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-brain .+
.spinal .cord
What .makes .up .Peripheral .Nervous .System .(PNS)? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-all
.other .nerves .in .body
Ratio .of .neurons .to .glial .cells .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-approximately .1:1
Nissl .Stain .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-selectively .stains .cell .bodies
-big .cells .are .neurons .and .small .cells .are .glia
Golgi .Stain .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .histological .stain .that .fills .a .small .proportion
.of .neurons .with .a .dark, .silver-based .precipitate
-visualization .of .entire .neuron .morphology
-labels .only .a .subset .of .neurons
Neurons .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-basic .unit .of .the .brain/nervous .system
Neuroglia/Glial .Cells .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-supporting .cells .for .neuron .function
All .neurons .have... .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-cell .body/soma, .dendrites, .and .axon
Dendrites .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--Branchlike .parts .of .a .neuron .that .are
.specialized .to .receive .information
-sites .of .plasticity
-cellular .basis .of .learning .and .memory
Cell .Body/Soma .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--contains .the .nucleus .and .other .parts .of
.the .cell .needed .to .sustain .its .life
-has .organelles .for .gene .expression, .protein .production, .protein .packaging .etc.
-weighs .incoming .signals .to .determine .if .neuron .will .fire .action .potential
Axon .- .CORRECT .ANSWER--the .extension .of .a .neuron, .ending .in .branching
.terminal .fibers, .through .which .messages .pass .to .other .neurons .or .to .muscles
.or .glands
-extends .from .axon .hillock .to .synaptic .terminals
-sends .signals .to .other .neurons
Axon .Hillock .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-initiation .site .for .action .potentials
