Intro to Sociology Dept Final Exam LCC A-L Prep Questions And Answers All Correct Assured Satisfaction

Absolute Poverty - correct answers the situation in which individuals live on less then $365 a year, or $1.00 a day Achieved status - correct answersA status attained by effort Adult socialization - correct answers The process of learning new roles and expectations in adult life Affirmative action - correct answers Programs in education and job hiring that recruit minorities over a wide range, but do not use rigid quotas, or, that use admissions slots (quotas) for minorities in education and set aside contracts in the economy Age cohort - correct answers(birth cohort) An aggregate group of people born during the same time period Age differentiation - correct answersThe division of labor or roles in a society on the basis of age Age discrimination - correct answersDifferent and unequal treatment of people based solely on their age Age prejudice - correct answersA negative attitude about an age group that is generalized to all people in that group Age stereotype - correct answers Preconceived judgments about what different age groups are like Age stratification - correct answers The hierarchical ranking of age groups in society Age-gender pyramid - correct answersA graphic representation of the age and gender structure of a society Ageism - correct answersThe institutionalized practice of age prejudice and discrimination Alienation - correct answersThe feeling of powerlessness and separation from one's group or society Altruistic suicide - correct answersThe type of suicide that can occur when there is excessive regulation of individuals by social forces Anomic suicide - correct answersThe type of suicide occurring when there are disintegrating forces in the society that make individuals feel lost or alone Anomie - correct answersThe condition existing when social regulations (norms) in a society break down Anorexia nervosa - correct answersA condition characterized by compulsive dieting resulting in self-starvation Anti-Semitism - correct answersThe belief or behavior that defines Jewish people as inferior and that targets them for stereotyping, mistreatment, and acts of hatred Anticipatory socialization - correct answers The process of learning the expectations associated with a role one expects to enter in the future Antimiscegenation laws - correct answers Legal policies preventing marriage between members of different racial groups Applied sociology - correct answers The use of sociological research and theory in solving real human problems Ascribed status - correct answersA status determined at birth Assimilation - correct answers Process by which a minority becomes socially, economically, and culturally absorbed within the dominant society Attribution theory - correct answers The principle that dispositional attributions are made about others (what the other is "really like") under certain conditions such as out-group membership Authoritarian personality - correct answersA personality characterized by a tendency to rigidly categorize people, and to submit to authority, rigidly conform, and be intolerant of ambiguity Authority - correct answers Power that is perceived by others as legitimate Automation - correct answers The process by which human labor is replaced by machines Autonomous state model - correct answersA theoretical model of the state that interprets the state as developing interests of its own, independent of other interests Beliefs - correct answers Shared ideas held collectively by people within a given culture Bilateral kinship - correct answersA kinship system where descent is traced through the father and the mother Biological determinism - correct answers Explanations that attribute complex social phenomena to physical characteristics Bureaucracy - correct answersA type of formal organization characterized by an authority hierarchy, a clear division of labor, explicit rules, and impersonality Capitalism - correct answers An economic system based on the principles of market competition, private property, and the pursuit of profit Caste system - correct answersA system of stratification (characterized by no social mobility) in which one's place in the stratification system is determined by birth Census - correct answersA count of the entire population of a country Charisma - correct answersA quality attributed to individuals believed by their followers to have special powers Charismatic authority - correct answers Authority derived from the personal appeal of a leader Church - correct answersA formal organization that sees itself and is seen by society as a primary and legitimate religious institution. Class consciousness - correct answers The awareness that a class structure exists and the feeling of shared identification with others in one's class with whom one perceives common life chances Collective behavior - correct answers Behavior that occurs when the usual conventions are suspended and people collectively establish new norms of behavior in response to an emerging situation Collective consciousness - correct answers The body of beliefs that are common to a community or society and that give people a sense of belonging Coming out - correct answers The process of defining oneself as gay or lesbian Commodity chain - correct answers The network of production and labor processes by which a product becomes a finished commodity. By following the commodity chain, it is evident which countries gain profits and which ones are being exploited Communism - correct answers An economic system where the state is the sole owner of the systems of production Comparable worth - correct answers The principle of paying women and men equivalent wages for jobs involving similar levels of skill Compulsory heterosexuality - correct answers The idea that heterosexual identity is not a choice, but is created by institutions that treat heterosexuality as the only legitimate form of sexual identity Conflict theory - correct answersA theoretical perspective that emphasizes the role of power and coercion in producing social order Contact theory - correct answers The theory that prejudice will be reduced through social interaction with those of different race or ethnicity but of equal status