PHI 240 Final Practice Exam Questions And 100% Verified Correct Answers.

In the Michael Sandel "Justice" Video, Professor Sandel points to the two main objections to Utilitariainism. These are: - correct answers It doesn't respect the rights of the minority and it isn't possible to calculate what's valuable into monetary terms According to the UNC Writing Center's Handout on Plagiarism, there is no need to cite your source if you changed the words used by the author into synonyms. - correct answers false The Greatest Happiness Principle holds that - correct answers actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. In the Crash Course video, "Utilitarianism", Hank Green confirms that Utilitarianism is a form of egoism. - correct answers false According to the Wireless Philosophy Video, "Utilititarianism #1", the theory of Utilititarianism can be broken into two pieces. These two pieces are: - correct answers What is valuable + the theory of right action In the Crash Course Video Hank Green discusses Bernard Williams' thought experiment about killing one to save 19. The conclusion is, sometimes you need to get your hands dirty and do what needs to be done even if it involves killing an innocent person. - correct answers false A classmate states something in a forum or in class that conflicts with one of your most deeply held beliefs. You actually feel a little angry reading/hearing the words your classmate have written. An appropriate response to your classmate is: - correct answers ny and all of these responses are appropriate responses Please match the terms and people associated with Utilitarianism with their definitions. There are two more definitions than terms. - correct answers Says that an act is morally right just because it produces the best actual or expected results. -act utilitarianism Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness -the greatest happiness principle An English philosopher and social reformer regarded as the founder of modern utilitarianism. Body on display at the University College of London. -jeremy bentham Would you sacrifice one life to save five? -the trolley problem The normative ethical theory that says that actions are morally right just because they maximize self-interest. -ethical egoism The view that pleasure is the only thing that is intrinsically valuable, and pain (or unhappiness) is the only thing that is intrinsically bad. -hedonism Educated by his father and by Jeremy Bentham. Studied Greek, Latin, Economics and Logic. Suffered a nervous breakdown at 20. Wrote Utilitarianism. -J.S. Mill Says that actions are morally right just because they would be required by an optimific social rule. -rule utilitarianism Modern Utilitarianism can trace its roots back to this ancient Greek Philosopher -epicurus Relating to or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities. -egalitarian Mill argues that, according to the utilitarian doctrine, lying is - correct answers usually morally impermissible In the Michael Sandel "Justice" Video, Professor Sandel relates a story about a study done by Phillip Morris in the Czech Republic. The study - correct answers here was a net benefit not only from sales, but from premature deaths due to smoking Mill maintains that, in the long run, the best proof of a good character is - correct answers performing good actions According to Mill, what is the function of secondary moral principles? - correct answersto guide decisions via intermediate generalizations According to Mill, when should the first principles of morality be appealed to in decision-making? - correct answers when secondary principles conflict Under these conditions will Ms. Hare accept late work. - correct answers The student notifies Ms. Hare that they will not be able to complete the assignment on time due to qualifying reason AND Ms. Hare and the student work to come to an agreed-upon deadline. As of Appiah's writing, how many elderly people in the United States are housed in nursing homes? - correct answers2 million According to utilitarianism, the motive behind an action is relevant to - correct answers the agent who performs the action In the Michael Sandel "Justice" Video, Professor Sandel relates a story about a cost-benefit analysis done by Ford on the Pinto. The analysis showed - correct answers it was cheaper not to repair the defect in the cars, so they didn't According to Mill, which of the following are desirable as ends? - correct answers pleasure, freedom from pain According to Appiah, defenders of the U.S. prison system usually cite which of the following considerations in their defense? - correct answers the administrative difficulty of reform According to the UNC Writing Center's Handout on Plagiarism, you do not need to cite your source if you mention the author's name in the sentence. - correct answers false Mill argues that utilitarianism __________ the existence of God. - correct answers is consistent with According to the UNC Writing Center Handout on Plagiarism, "Paraphrasing does NOT mean changing a word or two in someone else's sentence, changing the sentence structure while maintaining the original words, or changing a few words to synonyms." - correct answers true A "transgenerational obligation" is an obligation - correct answers that one generation has to another According to Mill, to be virtuous, a person must always - correct answers none of the above In the Michael Sandel "Justice" Video, Professor Sandel explains Mill's test for how to determinine if an experience is a higher or lower pleasure. What is this test? - correct answers try both! you will always prefer the higher pleasure Mill claims that secondary moral principles - correct answers sometimes conflict Appiah points out that more than half of prisoners in the United States are - correct answers non-violent offenders Appiah cites which of the following problematic environmental practices? - correct answers all of the above; deforestation, wetland destruction, overfishing According to the WiPhi video "The Utility Monster Objection", The Diminishing Marginal Utility of Wealth states that: - correct answers the more resources we have, the less impact resources have on us Which of the following actions would Mill categorize as right? - correct answers all of the above On Mill's view, whose happiness is relevant for determining right conduct? - correct answers the happiness of all concerned Mill maintains that the business of ethics is to - correct answers tell us what our duties are According to Appiah, people who eat factory-farmed animals typically - correct answers try not to think too much about what they're doing Mill claims that the corollaries of the principle of utility - correct answers admit of indefinite improvement How does Mill understand "happiness"? - correct answers as pleasure and the absence of pain In the Crash Course Philosophy Video, "Utilitarianism", Hank Green states that the theory originated with Jeremy Bentham - correct answer sfalse According to Hobbes, what is the principal cause of conflict in the state of nature? - correct answers all of the above competition, diffidence, glory What is a maxim in Kant's terminology? - correct answers Any principle upon which one bases one's action Hobbes claims that the nature of war consists in - correct answers the lack of assurance of peace How does Kant describe the prudent shopkeeper? - correct answers He acts in accordance with duty but not necessarily from duty A categorical imperative is a requirement of reason that - correct answers applies to us regardless of our desires According to Hobbes, moral obligations arise from - correct answers contracts What does appiah cite as the main challenge for keeping aging parents closer to their children? - correct answers jobs outside the home According to mill, to be virtuous, a person must always - correct answers none of the above According to Hobbes, in the state of nature - correct answers there is no justice or injustice The purpose of Rawl's veil of ignorance is - correct answers to ensure that the choices of the contractors are fair Hobbes thinks that people's voluntary actions are - correct answers always done out of self-interest According to Kant, actions have moral worth only if they - correct answers are done from duty Why does Hobbes think that we should seek peace? - correct answers because it is in our own self-interest According to Kant, virtuous character traits are - correct answers none of the above intrinsically good, always good and desirable, not good at all Under what circumstances does Hobbes think that people act for reasons other than self-interest? - correct answers none of the above Which of the following does Appiah cite as a problematic feature of feedlots in the United States? - correct answers all of the above overcrowding antibiotic use accumulation of animal waste What is the state of nature? - correct answers a situation in which there are no laws of government Dann Ariely, in the Hidden Brain piece, said he was grateful to the doctor who lied to him because - correct answersif he had known how painful the removal of the pins had been, it would