NUR1460 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) Correct Answers platelet
aggregation inhibitor
Albuterol (Ventolin) Correct Answers bronchodilator (inhaler)
USED FOR: Hyperkalemia, bronchospasm treatment, other
respiratory conditions
***call doctor if bronchospasm occurs***
Amlodipine (Norvasc) Correct Answers Antianginal,
antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker (PO)
USED FOR: Chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension
variant angina (prinzmetal's angina); may coadminister with
other antihypertensives, antianginals
WARNING: To notify prescriber of irregular heartbeat;
shortness of breath; swelling of feet, face, hands; severe
dizziness; constipation; nausea; hypotension; if chest pain does
not improve, use nitroglycerin when angina is severe
assessment/treatment/interventions for patients with impaired
perfusion? Correct Answers recognize indicators of adequate
and inadequate perfusion (extremities are warm and appropriate
color for race, dorsalis pedis and radial pulse are WNL, cap
refill less than <3 seconds), assess heart rate and blood pressure,
educate on heart-healthy lifestyle (healthy diet-low sodium/low
fat, regular exercise, not smoking), monitor blood pressure and
serum lipids, being compliant with medications, monitoring
diabetes
,asthma Correct Answers chronic lung disease (NO CURE)
causes narrowing and inflammation of airways (bronchi and
bronchioles) leading to difficulty breathing especially exhaling
asthma- CAUSES Correct Answers bronchi and bronchioles
are chronically inflamed and can become so inflamed leads to
asthma attack. During an asthma attack smooth muscles
surrounding bronchi and bronchioles constrict causing tightness
and difficulty breathing. Mucosa becomes inflamed (narrows
airway decreasing airflow air becomes trapped in alveoli. Goblet
cells produce excessive amounts of mucous lead to further
decrease in airflow air gets trapped in alveoli gas exchange isn't
taking place low amounts of oxygen are entering body (low
oxygen saturation) CO2 is staying in blood (watch for
respiratory acidosis)
asthma- EFFECTS ON LABS & S/S Correct Answers high
CO2 = respiratory acidosis. Watch for chest tightness, wheezing,
coughing, difficulty breathing, high RR, cyanosis of skin/lips
asthma- INTERVENTIONS Correct Answers position in high
fowlers to help with breathing, bronchodilators (albuterol,
salmeterol, Symbicort), administer oxygen, auscultate lung
sounds frequently (wheezing, respiratory rate), monitor skin
color (cyanosis) and for any retractions of the chest
asthma- TRIGGERS Correct Answers smoke, pollen,
perfumes, pollution, mold, cold & dry air, GERD, respiratory
infections, exercised-induced, NSAIDs, aspirin
Atrovastatin (Lipitor) Correct Answers antilipidemic (PO)
, USED FOR: As adjunct for primary hypercholesterolemia,
dysbetalipoproteinemia, elevated triglyceride levels, prevention
of CV. Disease by reduction of heart risk in those with mildly
elevated cholesterol
WARNING: Rhabdomyolysis: for muscle pain, tenderness,
obtain CPK baseline; if markedly increased, product may need
to be discontinued. POSSIBLE TOXICITY IF USED WITH
GRAPEFRUIT JUICE. Not to take product if pregnant or
breastfeeding: to avoid alcohol
Cilostazol (Pletal) Correct Answers platelet aggregation
inhibitor (PO)
USED FOR: Intermittent claudication associated with PVD
WARNING: That there are many drug and herb interactions,
check with PCP first. Do not use with grapefruit juice, toxicity
may occur
clients who are at risk for dehydration? Correct Answers fast
RR (insensible water loss causes sweating/moisture from
respirations), excessive fever, infection, trauma, athletes who
don't replenish electrolytes after workout, people who work in
hot weather
clients who are at risk for fluid volume excess? Correct
Answers CHF patients, patients with renal disease/failure (not
excreting urine)
Clopidogrel (Plavix) Correct Answers platelet aggregation
inhibitor (works better than aspirin. PO)
SOLUTIONS
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) Correct Answers platelet
aggregation inhibitor
Albuterol (Ventolin) Correct Answers bronchodilator (inhaler)
USED FOR: Hyperkalemia, bronchospasm treatment, other
respiratory conditions
***call doctor if bronchospasm occurs***
Amlodipine (Norvasc) Correct Answers Antianginal,
antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker (PO)
USED FOR: Chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension
variant angina (prinzmetal's angina); may coadminister with
other antihypertensives, antianginals
WARNING: To notify prescriber of irregular heartbeat;
shortness of breath; swelling of feet, face, hands; severe
dizziness; constipation; nausea; hypotension; if chest pain does
not improve, use nitroglycerin when angina is severe
assessment/treatment/interventions for patients with impaired
perfusion? Correct Answers recognize indicators of adequate
and inadequate perfusion (extremities are warm and appropriate
color for race, dorsalis pedis and radial pulse are WNL, cap
refill less than <3 seconds), assess heart rate and blood pressure,
educate on heart-healthy lifestyle (healthy diet-low sodium/low
fat, regular exercise, not smoking), monitor blood pressure and
serum lipids, being compliant with medications, monitoring
diabetes
,asthma Correct Answers chronic lung disease (NO CURE)
causes narrowing and inflammation of airways (bronchi and
bronchioles) leading to difficulty breathing especially exhaling
asthma- CAUSES Correct Answers bronchi and bronchioles
are chronically inflamed and can become so inflamed leads to
asthma attack. During an asthma attack smooth muscles
surrounding bronchi and bronchioles constrict causing tightness
and difficulty breathing. Mucosa becomes inflamed (narrows
airway decreasing airflow air becomes trapped in alveoli. Goblet
cells produce excessive amounts of mucous lead to further
decrease in airflow air gets trapped in alveoli gas exchange isn't
taking place low amounts of oxygen are entering body (low
oxygen saturation) CO2 is staying in blood (watch for
respiratory acidosis)
asthma- EFFECTS ON LABS & S/S Correct Answers high
CO2 = respiratory acidosis. Watch for chest tightness, wheezing,
coughing, difficulty breathing, high RR, cyanosis of skin/lips
asthma- INTERVENTIONS Correct Answers position in high
fowlers to help with breathing, bronchodilators (albuterol,
salmeterol, Symbicort), administer oxygen, auscultate lung
sounds frequently (wheezing, respiratory rate), monitor skin
color (cyanosis) and for any retractions of the chest
asthma- TRIGGERS Correct Answers smoke, pollen,
perfumes, pollution, mold, cold & dry air, GERD, respiratory
infections, exercised-induced, NSAIDs, aspirin
Atrovastatin (Lipitor) Correct Answers antilipidemic (PO)
, USED FOR: As adjunct for primary hypercholesterolemia,
dysbetalipoproteinemia, elevated triglyceride levels, prevention
of CV. Disease by reduction of heart risk in those with mildly
elevated cholesterol
WARNING: Rhabdomyolysis: for muscle pain, tenderness,
obtain CPK baseline; if markedly increased, product may need
to be discontinued. POSSIBLE TOXICITY IF USED WITH
GRAPEFRUIT JUICE. Not to take product if pregnant or
breastfeeding: to avoid alcohol
Cilostazol (Pletal) Correct Answers platelet aggregation
inhibitor (PO)
USED FOR: Intermittent claudication associated with PVD
WARNING: That there are many drug and herb interactions,
check with PCP first. Do not use with grapefruit juice, toxicity
may occur
clients who are at risk for dehydration? Correct Answers fast
RR (insensible water loss causes sweating/moisture from
respirations), excessive fever, infection, trauma, athletes who
don't replenish electrolytes after workout, people who work in
hot weather
clients who are at risk for fluid volume excess? Correct
Answers CHF patients, patients with renal disease/failure (not
excreting urine)
Clopidogrel (Plavix) Correct Answers platelet aggregation
inhibitor (works better than aspirin. PO)
