Exam 2- Nursing foundations chapter objectives
1. Discuss the relationship between evidence-based practice and the
improvement of the safety and quality of nursing practice.: - Enhances quality
patient care
- Research affects everything that nurses do
- Expectation of
- American Nurses Association (ANA) standards
- Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
- Institute of Medicine (IOM)
2. Describe the steps of evidence-based practice.: - Select and define the
problem.
- Search for information on the topic.
- Formulate a research question, hypothesis, or problem statement.
- Select a research design: Qualitative or quantitative?
- Collect data.
- Analyze data.
- Report the research findings.
3. Develop a PICOT question.: P: Patient/population
I: Intervention of interest
C: Comparison intervention
O: Outcome
T: Time
4. Discuss ways to apply evidence in registered nursing practice.: - Identify
knowledge gaps
- Formulate relevant questions
- Conduct an efficient literature search
- Apply rules of evidence to determine the validity of studies
- Apply the literature findings appropriately to the patient's problem
- Appropriately involve the patient in the clinical decision-making
5. Discuss the levels of evidence available in the literature.: - Select and
define the problem.
- Search for information on the topic.
- Formulate a research question, hypothesis, or problem statement.
- Select a research design: Qualitative or quantitative?
- Collect data.
,- Analyze data.
- Report the research findings.
6. Inductive thinking: A method of drawing conclusions by going from the
specific to the general. It is also called inductive logic or bottom-up reasoning.
7. Deductive thinking: A logical approach is where you progress from general
ideas to specific conclusions. It is also called deductive logic or top-down
reasoning. 8. Framingham studies: A longitudinal study over 50 years to identify
healthcare norms.
9. Watson's Science of Human Caring: Offers a meaningful philosophical
foundation to nursing science beyond conventional Western science.
Acknowledges a relational ontology versus a separatist ontology. Embraces the
whole person, the unity of mind, body, and spirit as one in relation to the
environment at all levels.
10. Benner's Novice to Expert: A nurse's progression throughout
their time, nursing
11. Describe nursing informatics and its contributions to nursing.: -
Informatics: Managing and processing information necessary to make decisions
- Nursing informatics: "Integrates nursing science with information management
and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage, and communicate data,
information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice" (American Nurses
Association [ANA], 2022).
12. Discuss the relationship between informatics and the delivery of quality
healthcare.: - Facilitates evidence-based practice
- New model of decision-making
- Affords rapid access to the most current health information
- Enables location of best evidence supporting nursing practice
- Reduces barriers to evidence-based practice
- Facilitates a literature search
- Provides online sources for and of nursing research
- Provides literature databases
, Exam 2- Nursing foundations chapter objectives
13. Describe how telehealth, telemedicine, and telecare are assisting
individuals to achieve health goals.: - Electronic mail, distribution lists, text
messaging - Communication applications (apps)
- Social networking
- Web conferencing
- Telehealth
- Blogs and wikis
14. Recognize the role and significance of essential nutrients in human
nutrition: - Nutrients: Building blocks for cells and tissues., supply energ, help
manufacture, maintain, and repair cells.
- Found in foods
- Changed and used in the body through metabolism: anabolism and catabolism
15. Catabolism: Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules (where
we get our energy)
16. Anabolism: Form larger molecules from smaller
17. Identify risk factors that contribute to poor nutritional status.: -
Developmental stage
- Lifestyle
- Culture
- Disease Processes
- Functional Limitations
- Medications
- Special Diets
18. Describe the importance of a balance between energy intake and energy
requirements.: - Energy in nutrients measured in calories -
Calories "in" must equal calories burned to maintain our weight
- Too few calories/nutrients = undernourished
- Too many calories = obesity
- Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
- Amount of energy required at rest
- Things that affect BMR
- Body comp
- Growth period/developmental stage
- Temperature +7% per degree increase
1. Discuss the relationship between evidence-based practice and the
improvement of the safety and quality of nursing practice.: - Enhances quality
patient care
- Research affects everything that nurses do
- Expectation of
- American Nurses Association (ANA) standards
- Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
- Institute of Medicine (IOM)
2. Describe the steps of evidence-based practice.: - Select and define the
problem.
- Search for information on the topic.
- Formulate a research question, hypothesis, or problem statement.
- Select a research design: Qualitative or quantitative?
- Collect data.
- Analyze data.
- Report the research findings.
3. Develop a PICOT question.: P: Patient/population
I: Intervention of interest
C: Comparison intervention
O: Outcome
T: Time
4. Discuss ways to apply evidence in registered nursing practice.: - Identify
knowledge gaps
- Formulate relevant questions
- Conduct an efficient literature search
- Apply rules of evidence to determine the validity of studies
- Apply the literature findings appropriately to the patient's problem
- Appropriately involve the patient in the clinical decision-making
5. Discuss the levels of evidence available in the literature.: - Select and
define the problem.
- Search for information on the topic.
- Formulate a research question, hypothesis, or problem statement.
- Select a research design: Qualitative or quantitative?
- Collect data.
,- Analyze data.
- Report the research findings.
6. Inductive thinking: A method of drawing conclusions by going from the
specific to the general. It is also called inductive logic or bottom-up reasoning.
7. Deductive thinking: A logical approach is where you progress from general
ideas to specific conclusions. It is also called deductive logic or top-down
reasoning. 8. Framingham studies: A longitudinal study over 50 years to identify
healthcare norms.
9. Watson's Science of Human Caring: Offers a meaningful philosophical
foundation to nursing science beyond conventional Western science.
Acknowledges a relational ontology versus a separatist ontology. Embraces the
whole person, the unity of mind, body, and spirit as one in relation to the
environment at all levels.
10. Benner's Novice to Expert: A nurse's progression throughout
their time, nursing
11. Describe nursing informatics and its contributions to nursing.: -
Informatics: Managing and processing information necessary to make decisions
- Nursing informatics: "Integrates nursing science with information management
and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage, and communicate data,
information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice" (American Nurses
Association [ANA], 2022).
12. Discuss the relationship between informatics and the delivery of quality
healthcare.: - Facilitates evidence-based practice
- New model of decision-making
- Affords rapid access to the most current health information
- Enables location of best evidence supporting nursing practice
- Reduces barriers to evidence-based practice
- Facilitates a literature search
- Provides online sources for and of nursing research
- Provides literature databases
, Exam 2- Nursing foundations chapter objectives
13. Describe how telehealth, telemedicine, and telecare are assisting
individuals to achieve health goals.: - Electronic mail, distribution lists, text
messaging - Communication applications (apps)
- Social networking
- Web conferencing
- Telehealth
- Blogs and wikis
14. Recognize the role and significance of essential nutrients in human
nutrition: - Nutrients: Building blocks for cells and tissues., supply energ, help
manufacture, maintain, and repair cells.
- Found in foods
- Changed and used in the body through metabolism: anabolism and catabolism
15. Catabolism: Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules (where
we get our energy)
16. Anabolism: Form larger molecules from smaller
17. Identify risk factors that contribute to poor nutritional status.: -
Developmental stage
- Lifestyle
- Culture
- Disease Processes
- Functional Limitations
- Medications
- Special Diets
18. Describe the importance of a balance between energy intake and energy
requirements.: - Energy in nutrients measured in calories -
Calories "in" must equal calories burned to maintain our weight
- Too few calories/nutrients = undernourished
- Too many calories = obesity
- Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
- Amount of energy required at rest
- Things that affect BMR
- Body comp
- Growth period/developmental stage
- Temperature +7% per degree increase
