NSG 552- psychopharmacology Quiz #1 Questions And Answers

The study of the use of psychotropic medications in the treatment of psychiatric disorders: - ANS Psychopharmacology The study of what the body does to drugs: - ANS Pharmacokinetics The study of what the drugs does to the body: - ANS Pharmacodynamics Involves the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of meds: - ANS First Pass Metabolism (C.Y.P. 450) Increase serum levels of other drugs that are substrates of that enzyme: - ANS Enzyme inhibitors will slow down metabolism causing toxic levels Decreases serum levels of other drugs that are substrates of that enzyme: - ANS Enzyme inducers cause fast metabolism and create subtherapeutic drug levels Part of the brain that regulates powerful emotions such as fear, rage, sexual desires: - ANS Amygdala The relay station for sensory information: - ANS Thalamus Essential for maintaining homeostasis, controls basic needs such as sleep- wake cycles: - ANS Hypothalamus This lobe is involved in executive functioning, high order planning, speech and motivation: - ANS Frontal Lobe/ Prefrontal cortex Derived from Tryptophan and made in the Ralphe Nuclei: - ANS Serotonin Made in the Locus Ceruleus and involved in the noradrenergic pathways: - ANS Norepinephrine 90% of serotonin receptors are found in the: - ANS GI tract Produced in the V.T.A. (Reward Pathway) and involved in the four major pathways: - ANS Dopamine Dopamine inhibits prolactin in this pathway: - ANS Tuberoinfundibular Increase dopamine in this pathway is associated with positive symptoms: - ANS Mesolimbic Pathway Decrease dopamine in this pathway is associated with negative symptoms: - ANS Mesocortical Pathway Decrease dopamine in this pathway produces motor symptoms: - ANS Nigrostriatal Pathway Main inhibitory neurotransmitter that induces calmness and relaxation: - ANS Gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA), Off switch Main excitatory neurotransmitter: - ANS Glutamate, On Switch Major organ that breaks down drugs in the body: - ANS Liver Electrolyte imbalance commonly associated with psychotropic medication use: - ANS Hyponatremia The time needed to clear 50% if drugs from the plasma: - ANS Half-life The process of becoming desensitized and less responsive to a particular medication dose overtime necessitating an increase: - ANS Tolerance A ration describing toxic dose to effective dose: - ANS Therapeutic Index A chemical that binds to a receptor to produce a biologic response: - ANS Agonist A chemical that binds to a receptor but does not fully activate the receptor: - ANS Partial Agonist A chemical that binds to a receptor, blocking it to inhibit a biologic response: - ANS Antagonist An agent that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but induces an opposite biological response: - ANS Inverse Agonist A usually undesired but foreseeable effect that occurs regardless of dose and often resolves after continued therapy: - ANS Side Effects S/S opposite of what it was meant to treat: - ANS Paradoxical Reaction The four main dopamine pathways: - ANS Mesolimbic, mesocortical, nigrostriatal, tuberoinfundibular Symptoms of Schizophrenia are divided into BLANK and BLANK: - ANS positive and negative symptoms True or False: Antipsychotic polypharmacy can increase the risk of re-hospitalization, diabetes, E.P.S., sedation, seizures, metabolic effects, mortality, and sudden cardiac death: - ANS True Alogia, Anhedonia, Avolition and cognitive symptoms: - ANS Negative symptoms Delusions, hallucinations, hostility, grandiosity: - ANS positive symptoms Another name for 1st generation antipsychotics: - ANS Typical Another name for 2nd generation antipsychotics: - ANS Atypical First line treatment for Schizophrenia: - ANS Atypical This class is associated with fewer neurological side effects and effective for both positive and negative symptoms: - ANS Atypical This class is effective for only positive symptoms and can in fact worsen negative symptoms due to decrease DA in the Mesocortical pathway: - ANS Typical Associated with metabolic side effects: - ANS Atypical What are the metabolic side effects associated with Atypical Antipsychotics: - ANS Weight gain, Hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, cardiac and respiratory side effects. Includes medications such as Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine, Perphenazine: - ANS Typical Medications for acute agitation or psychosis: - ANS Haldol Includes medications such as Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Clozapine etc.: - ANS Atypical F.G.A. reduce dopamine transmission by blocking BLANK receptors. - ANS D2 S.G.A. block both BLANK and BLANK receptors. - ANS D2 and 5HT2A High incidence of Q.T.C. prolongation, Tardive dyskinesia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (N.M.S.), orthostatic hypotension: - ANS typical H1 blockade leads to symptoms of BLANK and BLANK - ANS sedation and weight gain Involuntary teeth grinding associated with antipsychotics: - ANS bruxism