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APEA Management Pediatrics Exam
with complete solutions latest version
The chest circumference of a 12 month-old is:
routinely measured on well-child visits.
1-2 cm larger than head circumference.
smaller than head circumference.
equal to head circumference.- - CORRECT ANSWER-equal to head circumference.
An otherwise healthy two-year-old presents with a heart rate that varies with
inspiration and expiration. Which statement is true?
The child has ingested too much caffeine.
A cardiology referral is prudent.
This is a normal exam.
There is a need for an echocardiogram. - CORRECT ANSWER-this is a normal
exam.
At what age should initial blood pressure screening take place?
3 years
4-6 years
6 years
6-10 years - CORRECT ANSWER-3 years
Many factors can contribute to the risk of congenital heart disease. Which
maternal disease carries a higher risk of transposition of the great vessels (TGA),
ventricular septal defect (VSD), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Hypothyroidism
Diabetes
Lupus
Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER-Diabetes
A 2-year-old has a sudden onset of high fever while at daycare. The daycare
attendant describes a seizure in the child. The child is brought to the clinic;
neurologically he appears normal. His body temperature is 99.9° F after receiving
ibuprofen. He is diagnosed with otitis media. How should the nurse practitioner
manage this?
Assess the child and refer to the ER
Treat the otitis media and give education about fever management
Start the child on seizure precautions
, www.stuvia.com
Have him admitted to the hospital for observation - CORRECT ANSWER-Treat the
otitis media and give education about fever management
According to the Tanner stages of development (Sexual Maturity Rating), breast
development in Stage 3 in females includes the:
elevation of the breast and nipple.
enlargement and elevation of breast and areola with no separation of their
contours.
projection of areola and nipple to form a secondary mound above the level of the
breast.
projection of the nipple only. - CORRECT ANSWER-enlargement and elevation of
breast and areola with no separation of their contours.
A 6-year-old patient with sore throat has coryza, hoarseness, and diarrhea. What
is the likely etiology?
Group A Streptococcus
H. parainfluenzae
Viral etiology
Mycoplasma - CORRECT ANSWER-viral etiology
Pharmacologic treatment for children who have hypertension should be initiated
for:
those who are obese.
Stage 1 hypertension.
diabetics with hypertension.
asymptomatic Stage 1 or Stage 2 hypertension. - CORRECT ANSWER-diabetics
with hypertension
A 4-month-old is suspected of having developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
What test would best assess for this?
Barlow and Ortolani
Galeazzi and Klisic
Trendelenburg pelvic tilt test
Romberg balance test - CORRECT ANSWER-Galeazzi and Klisic
Barlow and Ortolani are exam techniques used to asses hip stability in newborns
and infants 2 months of age and younger
An 8-year-old has a painful limp. He reports that his knee hurts medially. On exam
he has pain with internal rotation of the hip. How should the NP manage this
situation?
He should be immediately referred to orthopedics.
The NP should order a hip X-ray, CBC and ESR.
The NP should order a hip and knee X-ray.
He should be referred for synovial fluid aspiration. - CORRECT ANSWER-The NP
should order a hip X-ray, CBC and ESR.
, www.stuvia.com
Differential diagnoses include Legg-Calves Perthes, transient synovitis of the hip,
slipped capital femoral epiphysis, septic hip
A 4-year-old has been diagnosed with measles. The nurse practitioner identifies
Koplik's spots. These are:
spots on the skin that are pathognomonic for measles.
red rings found on the tongue that have a white granular area inside the ring.
found on the inside of the cheek and are granular.
blanchable areas on the trunk and extremities. - CORRECT ANSWER-found on
the inside of the cheek and are granular.
Most hypertension in preadolescents and children is:
obesity-related.
primary hypertension.
secondary hypertension.
endocrine-related. - CORRECT ANSWER-secondary hypertension
A young child has an audible murmur. The nurse practitioner describes it as a
grade 4 murmur. How should this be managed?
The child should be monitored for other abnormal findings.
The child should be referred to cardiology.
An EKG should be performed.
The nurse practitioner should palpate to see if a thrill is present. - CORRECT
ANSWER-The child should be referred to cardiology.
An 18-month-old child is diagnosed with bronchiolitis. His respiratory rate is 28
breaths per minute. Which choice below is most appropriate for patient
management?
Antipyretics
Nebulized bronchodilators
Inhaled steroids
Antibiotics - CORRECT ANSWER-Antipyretics
A 6-year-old child who has moderate persistent asthma is diagnosed with
pneumonia after chest X-ray and laboratory studies. He developed a sudden
onset of fever with chills. He is in no distress. What is the preferred treatment for
him?
Supportive measures, it is probably viral
Amoxicillin
Azithromycin
Doxycycline - CORRECT ANSWER-Amoxicillin
Strep pneumoniae, typical pneumonia, is most common pathogen in this age
group, which is treated by Amoxicillin.
APEA Management Pediatrics Exam
with complete solutions latest version
The chest circumference of a 12 month-old is:
routinely measured on well-child visits.
1-2 cm larger than head circumference.
smaller than head circumference.
equal to head circumference.- - CORRECT ANSWER-equal to head circumference.
An otherwise healthy two-year-old presents with a heart rate that varies with
inspiration and expiration. Which statement is true?
The child has ingested too much caffeine.
A cardiology referral is prudent.
This is a normal exam.
There is a need for an echocardiogram. - CORRECT ANSWER-this is a normal
exam.
At what age should initial blood pressure screening take place?
3 years
4-6 years
6 years
6-10 years - CORRECT ANSWER-3 years
Many factors can contribute to the risk of congenital heart disease. Which
maternal disease carries a higher risk of transposition of the great vessels (TGA),
ventricular septal defect (VSD), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Hypothyroidism
Diabetes
Lupus
Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER-Diabetes
A 2-year-old has a sudden onset of high fever while at daycare. The daycare
attendant describes a seizure in the child. The child is brought to the clinic;
neurologically he appears normal. His body temperature is 99.9° F after receiving
ibuprofen. He is diagnosed with otitis media. How should the nurse practitioner
manage this?
Assess the child and refer to the ER
Treat the otitis media and give education about fever management
Start the child on seizure precautions
, www.stuvia.com
Have him admitted to the hospital for observation - CORRECT ANSWER-Treat the
otitis media and give education about fever management
According to the Tanner stages of development (Sexual Maturity Rating), breast
development in Stage 3 in females includes the:
elevation of the breast and nipple.
enlargement and elevation of breast and areola with no separation of their
contours.
projection of areola and nipple to form a secondary mound above the level of the
breast.
projection of the nipple only. - CORRECT ANSWER-enlargement and elevation of
breast and areola with no separation of their contours.
A 6-year-old patient with sore throat has coryza, hoarseness, and diarrhea. What
is the likely etiology?
Group A Streptococcus
H. parainfluenzae
Viral etiology
Mycoplasma - CORRECT ANSWER-viral etiology
Pharmacologic treatment for children who have hypertension should be initiated
for:
those who are obese.
Stage 1 hypertension.
diabetics with hypertension.
asymptomatic Stage 1 or Stage 2 hypertension. - CORRECT ANSWER-diabetics
with hypertension
A 4-month-old is suspected of having developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
What test would best assess for this?
Barlow and Ortolani
Galeazzi and Klisic
Trendelenburg pelvic tilt test
Romberg balance test - CORRECT ANSWER-Galeazzi and Klisic
Barlow and Ortolani are exam techniques used to asses hip stability in newborns
and infants 2 months of age and younger
An 8-year-old has a painful limp. He reports that his knee hurts medially. On exam
he has pain with internal rotation of the hip. How should the NP manage this
situation?
He should be immediately referred to orthopedics.
The NP should order a hip X-ray, CBC and ESR.
The NP should order a hip and knee X-ray.
He should be referred for synovial fluid aspiration. - CORRECT ANSWER-The NP
should order a hip X-ray, CBC and ESR.
, www.stuvia.com
Differential diagnoses include Legg-Calves Perthes, transient synovitis of the hip,
slipped capital femoral epiphysis, septic hip
A 4-year-old has been diagnosed with measles. The nurse practitioner identifies
Koplik's spots. These are:
spots on the skin that are pathognomonic for measles.
red rings found on the tongue that have a white granular area inside the ring.
found on the inside of the cheek and are granular.
blanchable areas on the trunk and extremities. - CORRECT ANSWER-found on
the inside of the cheek and are granular.
Most hypertension in preadolescents and children is:
obesity-related.
primary hypertension.
secondary hypertension.
endocrine-related. - CORRECT ANSWER-secondary hypertension
A young child has an audible murmur. The nurse practitioner describes it as a
grade 4 murmur. How should this be managed?
The child should be monitored for other abnormal findings.
The child should be referred to cardiology.
An EKG should be performed.
The nurse practitioner should palpate to see if a thrill is present. - CORRECT
ANSWER-The child should be referred to cardiology.
An 18-month-old child is diagnosed with bronchiolitis. His respiratory rate is 28
breaths per minute. Which choice below is most appropriate for patient
management?
Antipyretics
Nebulized bronchodilators
Inhaled steroids
Antibiotics - CORRECT ANSWER-Antipyretics
A 6-year-old child who has moderate persistent asthma is diagnosed with
pneumonia after chest X-ray and laboratory studies. He developed a sudden
onset of fever with chills. He is in no distress. What is the preferred treatment for
him?
Supportive measures, it is probably viral
Amoxicillin
Azithromycin
Doxycycline - CORRECT ANSWER-Amoxicillin
Strep pneumoniae, typical pneumonia, is most common pathogen in this age
group, which is treated by Amoxicillin.
