Tests Bank For
Biological Science, 8th edition Scott Freeman Kim Quillin Lizabeth Allison Michael Black Jeff
Carmichael Emily Taylor Greg Podgorski Jeremy Hsu
Chapter 1-54
Chapter 1 Biology: The Study of Life
1) Which of the following is NOT related to the five fundamental characteristics of life?
A) A bacterial cell divides to produce two cells.
B) Sugars are transported on carrier proteins into cells across the plasma membrane.
C) Sugars are broken down inside cells to produce energy.
D) The gene that specifies skin color in frogs is expressed during its development from a
tadpole into an adult frog.
E) Giraffes have longer necks so that they can reach food sources unavailable to other
animals.
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.1, 1.2; 1.1.1
Section: 1.1
2) Which of the following statements best describes a characteristic that may be associated with
both living organisms and nonliving matter?
A) Reproduction by passing on genetic information to future generations.
B) Composed of cells.
C) Capable of evolution.
D) Able to produce heat as a byproduct of chemical reactions.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.1; 1.1.1
Section: 1.1.1
3) Which of the following statements is an inaccurate example of how the living organism in the
scenario exemplifies a characteristic feature of living organisms?
A) Photosynthetic bacteria meet the energy requirement, as they are able to convert energy
from sunlight into the chemical energy they store in sugars.
, B) As humans, we meet the cell requirement because even though we are made of tissues
and organs, all of those components are made of specialized types of cells.
C) English bulldogs would meet both the information and ability to replicate requirements
because when they have a litter of puppies, we would expect the progeny to be English
bulldogs due to their DNA from the parents.
D) Monarch butterflies meet the evolution requirement because each of them will look
different as adults (butterflies) than they do as juveniles (caterpillars) which demonstrate
their ability to change over time.
E) All of the statements are proper examples of how that organism exemplifies particular
characteristics of life.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.1, 1.4; 1.1.1
Section: 1.1.1, 1.4.1
4) Pasteur’s experiments demonstrated that ________.
A) cells cannot survive in swan-necked flasks
B) in order to grow, cells need to be supplied with oxygen
C) spontaneous generation can only occur if nutrient broth is left open to the environment
D) sterilizing nutrient broth prevents spontaneous generation
E) preexisting cells present in the air can grow in sterilized nutrient broth
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.2
Section: 1.2
5) Recall Pasteur’s experiment on spontaneous generation. If he had just warmed the
nutrient-rich broth, rather than boiled it, what would have been the likely outcome of his
experiment? Cells would ________.
A) not have appeared in either flask
B) have appeared in both flasks
C) have appeared in the swan-neck but not the straight-neck flask
D) have appeared in the straight-neck but not the swan-neck flask
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
, V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.2
Section: 1.2
6) Spontaneous generation ________.
A) was demonstrated to occur under normal laboratory conditions by Pasteur
B) apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began
C) occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species
D) addresses the formation of new cells from existing cells
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.3
Section: 1.2
7) Recall Pasteur’s experiment on spontaneous generation. What would the expected results
have been if Pasteur’s swan-neck experiment hypothesis were incorrect?
A) Cells would not have appeared in either flask.
B) Cells would have appeared in both flasks.
C) Cells would have appeared in the swan-neck but not the straight-neck flask.
D) Cells would have appeared in the straight-neck but not the swan-neck flask.
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.2
Section: 1.2.1
8) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have structure
similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm and eggs
that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa consists of just a single cell, however. Which
of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory that all organisms consist of
cells.
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory that all cells come from
preexisting cells.
, C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.1
Section: 1.2
9) Cells are ________.
A) only found in pairs because single cells cannot exist independently
B) limited in size to 200 and 500 micrometers in diameter
C) characteristic of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms
D) characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.1
Section: 1.2
10) The cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells. If this is the case, why are the
cells in a multicellular organism so different from one another?
A) Cells in a multicellular organism are exposed to different energy sources allowing them
to develop different features.
B) During cell division, the genetic information that is replicated and passed onto the
daughter cells is different from the original cell.
C) The genetic information of each cell is copied and passed on to the daughter cells and the
molecular machinery that reads that genetic information is different in each cell.
D) The genetic information of each cell is copied and passed on to the daughter cells and the
molecular machinery makes copies of particular genes in different cells to generate
different features in those cells.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: I
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.3; 1.3.1
Section: 1.3
,11) The discovery of the structure of DNA was useful because ________.
A) it helped scientists understand how the information in DNA could be used to acquire
ATP for the cell
B) it inferred that genetic information flowed from messenger RNA to DNA to protein
C) it suggested a mechanism for copying and preserving the genetic material
D) it revealed how mRNA was used to make proteins
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.3; 1.3.1
Section: 1.3
12) Double helical DNA ________.
A) serves as a template for protein synthesis
B) is used to synthesize messenger RNA
C) contains two identical single strands of DNA
D) must be accurately copied to ensure variation in organisms
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: I
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.3; 1.3.1
Section: 1.3
13) In comparison to eukaryotes, prokaryotes ________.
A) do not require ATP for energy while eukaryotes do require ATP
B) are more closely related to archaea than eukaryotes
C) lack a nucleus, while eukaryotes have a nucleus
D) are always single-celled while eukaryotes are always multicellular
E) have chromosomes composed of single-stranded DNA, while eukaryotes have
chromosomes composed of double-stranded DNA
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
, V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.5; 1.5.2
Section: 1.5
14) Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?
A) Ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems
B) Near universality of the genetic code
C) Structure of the nucleus
D) The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein
E) The directionality of protein synthesis
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E, I
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.5; 1.5.1
Section: 1.5
15) Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While
studying these creatures, you notice that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate
and father more offspring. To test the hypothesis that having longer hair is adaptive in these
males, you should ________.
A) test whether other traits in these males are also adaptive
B) look for evidence of hair in ancestors of tamarins
C) determine if hair length is heritable
D) test whether males with shaved heads are still able to mate
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.4; 1.4.2
Section: 1.4
The following experiment is used for the corresponding question(s).
A researcher discovered a species of moth that lays its eggs on oak trees. Eggs are laid at two
distinct times of the year: early in spring when the oak trees are flowering and in midsummer
when flowering is past. Caterpillars from eggs that hatch in spring feed on oak flowers and
look like oak flowers. But caterpillars that hatch in summer feed on oak leaves and look like
oak twigs.
How does the same population of moths produce such different-looking caterpillars on the
same trees? To answer this question, the biologist caught many female moths from the same
population and collected their eggs. He put at least one egg from each female into eight
Biological Science, 8th edition Scott Freeman Kim Quillin Lizabeth Allison Michael Black Jeff
Carmichael Emily Taylor Greg Podgorski Jeremy Hsu
Chapter 1-54
Chapter 1 Biology: The Study of Life
1) Which of the following is NOT related to the five fundamental characteristics of life?
A) A bacterial cell divides to produce two cells.
B) Sugars are transported on carrier proteins into cells across the plasma membrane.
C) Sugars are broken down inside cells to produce energy.
D) The gene that specifies skin color in frogs is expressed during its development from a
tadpole into an adult frog.
E) Giraffes have longer necks so that they can reach food sources unavailable to other
animals.
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.1, 1.2; 1.1.1
Section: 1.1
2) Which of the following statements best describes a characteristic that may be associated with
both living organisms and nonliving matter?
A) Reproduction by passing on genetic information to future generations.
B) Composed of cells.
C) Capable of evolution.
D) Able to produce heat as a byproduct of chemical reactions.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.1; 1.1.1
Section: 1.1.1
3) Which of the following statements is an inaccurate example of how the living organism in the
scenario exemplifies a characteristic feature of living organisms?
A) Photosynthetic bacteria meet the energy requirement, as they are able to convert energy
from sunlight into the chemical energy they store in sugars.
, B) As humans, we meet the cell requirement because even though we are made of tissues
and organs, all of those components are made of specialized types of cells.
C) English bulldogs would meet both the information and ability to replicate requirements
because when they have a litter of puppies, we would expect the progeny to be English
bulldogs due to their DNA from the parents.
D) Monarch butterflies meet the evolution requirement because each of them will look
different as adults (butterflies) than they do as juveniles (caterpillars) which demonstrate
their ability to change over time.
E) All of the statements are proper examples of how that organism exemplifies particular
characteristics of life.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.1, 1.4; 1.1.1
Section: 1.1.1, 1.4.1
4) Pasteur’s experiments demonstrated that ________.
A) cells cannot survive in swan-necked flasks
B) in order to grow, cells need to be supplied with oxygen
C) spontaneous generation can only occur if nutrient broth is left open to the environment
D) sterilizing nutrient broth prevents spontaneous generation
E) preexisting cells present in the air can grow in sterilized nutrient broth
Answer: E
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.2
Section: 1.2
5) Recall Pasteur’s experiment on spontaneous generation. If he had just warmed the
nutrient-rich broth, rather than boiled it, what would have been the likely outcome of his
experiment? Cells would ________.
A) not have appeared in either flask
B) have appeared in both flasks
C) have appeared in the swan-neck but not the straight-neck flask
D) have appeared in the straight-neck but not the swan-neck flask
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
, V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.2
Section: 1.2
6) Spontaneous generation ________.
A) was demonstrated to occur under normal laboratory conditions by Pasteur
B) apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began
C) occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species
D) addresses the formation of new cells from existing cells
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.3
Section: 1.2
7) Recall Pasteur’s experiment on spontaneous generation. What would the expected results
have been if Pasteur’s swan-neck experiment hypothesis were incorrect?
A) Cells would not have appeared in either flask.
B) Cells would have appeared in both flasks.
C) Cells would have appeared in the swan-neck but not the straight-neck flask.
D) Cells would have appeared in the straight-neck but not the swan-neck flask.
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: EM
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.2
Section: 1.2.1
8) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have structure
similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm and eggs
that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa consists of just a single cell, however. Which
of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory that all organisms consist of
cells.
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory that all cells come from
preexisting cells.
, C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.1
Section: 1.2
9) Cells are ________.
A) only found in pairs because single cells cannot exist independently
B) limited in size to 200 and 500 micrometers in diameter
C) characteristic of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms
D) characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.2; 1.2.1
Section: 1.2
10) The cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells. If this is the case, why are the
cells in a multicellular organism so different from one another?
A) Cells in a multicellular organism are exposed to different energy sources allowing them
to develop different features.
B) During cell division, the genetic information that is replicated and passed onto the
daughter cells is different from the original cell.
C) The genetic information of each cell is copied and passed on to the daughter cells and the
molecular machinery that reads that genetic information is different in each cell.
D) The genetic information of each cell is copied and passed on to the daughter cells and the
molecular machinery makes copies of particular genes in different cells to generate
different features in those cells.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: I
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.3; 1.3.1
Section: 1.3
,11) The discovery of the structure of DNA was useful because ________.
A) it helped scientists understand how the information in DNA could be used to acquire
ATP for the cell
B) it inferred that genetic information flowed from messenger RNA to DNA to protein
C) it suggested a mechanism for copying and preserving the genetic material
D) it revealed how mRNA was used to make proteins
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.3; 1.3.1
Section: 1.3
12) Double helical DNA ________.
A) serves as a template for protein synthesis
B) is used to synthesize messenger RNA
C) contains two identical single strands of DNA
D) must be accurately copied to ensure variation in organisms
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: I
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.3; 1.3.1
Section: 1.3
13) In comparison to eukaryotes, prokaryotes ________.
A) do not require ATP for energy while eukaryotes do require ATP
B) are more closely related to archaea than eukaryotes
C) lack a nucleus, while eukaryotes have a nucleus
D) are always single-celled while eukaryotes are always multicellular
E) have chromosomes composed of single-stranded DNA, while eukaryotes have
chromosomes composed of double-stranded DNA
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
V&C Core Concept: SF, E
, V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.5; 1.5.2
Section: 1.5
14) Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?
A) Ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems
B) Near universality of the genetic code
C) Structure of the nucleus
D) The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein
E) The directionality of protein synthesis
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: SF, E, I
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.5; 1.5.1
Section: 1.5
15) Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While
studying these creatures, you notice that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate
and father more offspring. To test the hypothesis that having longer hair is adaptive in these
males, you should ________.
A) test whether other traits in these males are also adaptive
B) look for evidence of hair in ancestors of tamarins
C) determine if hair length is heritable
D) test whether males with shaved heads are still able to mate
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
V&C Core Concept: E
V&C Core Comp: PS
LO/EO: 1.4; 1.4.2
Section: 1.4
The following experiment is used for the corresponding question(s).
A researcher discovered a species of moth that lays its eggs on oak trees. Eggs are laid at two
distinct times of the year: early in spring when the oak trees are flowering and in midsummer
when flowering is past. Caterpillars from eggs that hatch in spring feed on oak flowers and
look like oak flowers. But caterpillars that hatch in summer feed on oak leaves and look like
oak twigs.
How does the same population of moths produce such different-looking caterpillars on the
same trees? To answer this question, the biologist caught many female moths from the same
population and collected their eggs. He put at least one egg from each female into eight
