RN 402 FINAL TEST QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
Burn Prevention - Answers Set the hot water heater to no more than 120°F (48.9°C). Keep pot
handles turned inward on the stove. Install smoke detectors on every floor and check them
monthly. Create a fire escape plan.
Deflated Cuff Consequence - Answers A deflated cuff can lead to an increased risk of aspiration,
as secretions can pass into the lungs. If the patient is on a ventilator, a deflated cuff can also
result in a loss of tidal volume and inadequate ventilation.
Factors Determining Burn Severity - Answers Burn Depth: The degree of tissue damage (e.g.,
first, second, third, or fourth degree). Percentage of Total Body Surface Area (TBSA): The extent
of the burn across the body. Location of the Burn: Burns to the face, hands, feet, and perineum
are considered more severe. Patient's Age: Infants and older adults are at higher risk for
complications. Associated Injuries: Such as smoke inhalation.
First Aid for Bee Sting - Answers Remove the stinger as quickly as possible by scraping it with a
fingernail or credit card. Avoid squeezing it, which can release more venom. Wash the area with
soap and water. Apply a cold compress or ice pack to reduce swelling. Use an over-the-counter
antihistamine or pain reliever for symptomatic relief. Monitor for signs of a severe allergic
reaction (anaphylaxis), such as hives, swelling of the face/throat, or difficulty breathing, and call
911 if they occur.
Cap with One-Way Valve Purpose - Answers A cap with a one-way valve (speaking valve) allows
a patient with a tracheostomy to speak. It opens on inspiration, letting air in, and closes on
expiration, forcing air past the vocal cords and out the mouth and nose.
Encephalitis Definition - Answers Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue, often
caused by a viral infection. It can cause fever, headache, altered mental status, seizures, and
neurological deficits.
Arterial Line Benefit - Answers An arterial line provides real-time, continuous blood pressure
readings, allowing the nurse to immediately see the effect of IV blood pressure medication
adjustments. This is crucial for safely titrating vasoactive drugs.
Bacterial Meningitis Reporting - Answers Bacterial meningitis is a reportable disease to the local
health department. This is necessary for surveillance, contact tracing, and public health control
measures.
Furosemide and Potassium - Answers Furosemide is a loop diuretic that wastes potassium,
meaning it causes the body to excrete potassium in the urine. A common and serious side
effect is hypokalemia, so a nurse should monitor a client's potassium levels and encourage
foods rich in potassium or administer potassium supplements as prescribed.
Tracheostomy Tube Cap Action - Answers The appropriate action is never to place a cap on a
, tracheostomy tube with an inflated cuff. The cuff must be fully deflated first to allow the patient
to exhale through their upper airway. Placing a cap with an inflated cuff would block the
patient's airway, leading to asphyxiation.
Oral Care with ETT - Answers Oral care is crucial for patients with an ETT to prevent ventilator-
associated pneumonia (VAP). It should be performed every 2-4 hours using an oral antiseptic
(like chlorhexidine) and includes suctioning of secretions from the mouth and oropharynx.
Hemodynamic Monitoring Purpose - Answers The primary purpose is to assess cardiovascular
function and monitor the effectiveness of treatment. It involves measuring pressures and flows
in the cardiovascular system to evaluate heart function, fluid status, and tissue perfusion.
Dynamic Homeostasis Definition - Answers Dynamic homeostasis refers to the process of
maintaining a stable internal environment in the body despite changes in external conditions.
Dynamic homeostasis - Answers The process by which the body maintains a relatively stable
internal environment despite constant internal and external changes.
Smoke inhalation injuries - Answers Can cause respiratory distress and airway swelling, even
without external burns. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide poisoning are also major
concerns and can be lethal.
Frequent non-invasive blood pressure cycling complications - Answers Can lead to skin
breakdown, petechiae, or ecchymosis, especially in older adults, patients with edema, or those
on anticoagulants.
Rule of Nines - Answers A quick method for estimating the percentage of total body surface
area (TBSA) burned in adults, where the body is divided into regions that each represent 9% or a
multiple of 9%.
Decerebrate posturing - Answers An abnormal body posture indicating severe damage to the
brainstem, characterized by the extension and external rotation of the arms and wrists and the
extension of the legs.
Viral meningitis - Answers The most common type of meningitis, generally less severe than
bacterial meningitis, often resolves on its own without specific treatment and does not require
antibiotic therapy.
Visualizing the vocal cord during endotracheal tube insertion - Answers Ensures the
endotracheal tube is placed correctly in the trachea and not the esophagus, as the tube must
pass between the vocal cords to enter the lungs.
Complications of suctioning a tracheostomy - Answers Include hypoxia, mucosal trauma,
infection, and vagal nerve stimulation, which can cause bradycardia.
Ignoring an alarm on an arterial line monitoring system - Answers Could lead to a catastrophic
Burn Prevention - Answers Set the hot water heater to no more than 120°F (48.9°C). Keep pot
handles turned inward on the stove. Install smoke detectors on every floor and check them
monthly. Create a fire escape plan.
Deflated Cuff Consequence - Answers A deflated cuff can lead to an increased risk of aspiration,
as secretions can pass into the lungs. If the patient is on a ventilator, a deflated cuff can also
result in a loss of tidal volume and inadequate ventilation.
Factors Determining Burn Severity - Answers Burn Depth: The degree of tissue damage (e.g.,
first, second, third, or fourth degree). Percentage of Total Body Surface Area (TBSA): The extent
of the burn across the body. Location of the Burn: Burns to the face, hands, feet, and perineum
are considered more severe. Patient's Age: Infants and older adults are at higher risk for
complications. Associated Injuries: Such as smoke inhalation.
First Aid for Bee Sting - Answers Remove the stinger as quickly as possible by scraping it with a
fingernail or credit card. Avoid squeezing it, which can release more venom. Wash the area with
soap and water. Apply a cold compress or ice pack to reduce swelling. Use an over-the-counter
antihistamine or pain reliever for symptomatic relief. Monitor for signs of a severe allergic
reaction (anaphylaxis), such as hives, swelling of the face/throat, or difficulty breathing, and call
911 if they occur.
Cap with One-Way Valve Purpose - Answers A cap with a one-way valve (speaking valve) allows
a patient with a tracheostomy to speak. It opens on inspiration, letting air in, and closes on
expiration, forcing air past the vocal cords and out the mouth and nose.
Encephalitis Definition - Answers Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue, often
caused by a viral infection. It can cause fever, headache, altered mental status, seizures, and
neurological deficits.
Arterial Line Benefit - Answers An arterial line provides real-time, continuous blood pressure
readings, allowing the nurse to immediately see the effect of IV blood pressure medication
adjustments. This is crucial for safely titrating vasoactive drugs.
Bacterial Meningitis Reporting - Answers Bacterial meningitis is a reportable disease to the local
health department. This is necessary for surveillance, contact tracing, and public health control
measures.
Furosemide and Potassium - Answers Furosemide is a loop diuretic that wastes potassium,
meaning it causes the body to excrete potassium in the urine. A common and serious side
effect is hypokalemia, so a nurse should monitor a client's potassium levels and encourage
foods rich in potassium or administer potassium supplements as prescribed.
Tracheostomy Tube Cap Action - Answers The appropriate action is never to place a cap on a
, tracheostomy tube with an inflated cuff. The cuff must be fully deflated first to allow the patient
to exhale through their upper airway. Placing a cap with an inflated cuff would block the
patient's airway, leading to asphyxiation.
Oral Care with ETT - Answers Oral care is crucial for patients with an ETT to prevent ventilator-
associated pneumonia (VAP). It should be performed every 2-4 hours using an oral antiseptic
(like chlorhexidine) and includes suctioning of secretions from the mouth and oropharynx.
Hemodynamic Monitoring Purpose - Answers The primary purpose is to assess cardiovascular
function and monitor the effectiveness of treatment. It involves measuring pressures and flows
in the cardiovascular system to evaluate heart function, fluid status, and tissue perfusion.
Dynamic Homeostasis Definition - Answers Dynamic homeostasis refers to the process of
maintaining a stable internal environment in the body despite changes in external conditions.
Dynamic homeostasis - Answers The process by which the body maintains a relatively stable
internal environment despite constant internal and external changes.
Smoke inhalation injuries - Answers Can cause respiratory distress and airway swelling, even
without external burns. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide poisoning are also major
concerns and can be lethal.
Frequent non-invasive blood pressure cycling complications - Answers Can lead to skin
breakdown, petechiae, or ecchymosis, especially in older adults, patients with edema, or those
on anticoagulants.
Rule of Nines - Answers A quick method for estimating the percentage of total body surface
area (TBSA) burned in adults, where the body is divided into regions that each represent 9% or a
multiple of 9%.
Decerebrate posturing - Answers An abnormal body posture indicating severe damage to the
brainstem, characterized by the extension and external rotation of the arms and wrists and the
extension of the legs.
Viral meningitis - Answers The most common type of meningitis, generally less severe than
bacterial meningitis, often resolves on its own without specific treatment and does not require
antibiotic therapy.
Visualizing the vocal cord during endotracheal tube insertion - Answers Ensures the
endotracheal tube is placed correctly in the trachea and not the esophagus, as the tube must
pass between the vocal cords to enter the lungs.
Complications of suctioning a tracheostomy - Answers Include hypoxia, mucosal trauma,
infection, and vagal nerve stimulation, which can cause bradycardia.
Ignoring an alarm on an arterial line monitoring system - Answers Could lead to a catastrophic
