BIOLOGY 2: EXAM 1: PALMTAG FGCU EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
1. What p is p referred p to p as p the p "changing p factor" p in p a p scientific
p experiment?: p inde- ppendent pvariable
2. When p the p sixth p step p of p the p scientific p method p is p referred p to p as
p "discussion" p what pis pthe pterm pdiscussion preferring pto?: pwhen pa pscientist
pdiscussed pweather por pnot pthe pdata pfrom ptheir pexperiment psupported ptheir phypothesis pand
pthe prelationship pto pother prelevant pscientific pstudies
3. What p is p the p function p of p DNA?: p store pand ptransmit pgenetic pinformation
4. On pwhat pstructures pdo pwe pfind pDNA?: pchromosomes
5. What pis pa pgenome?: pThe pentire pset pof pgenetic pmaterial pin pan porganism
6. What pis pthe pdifference pbetween pa pgene pand pan pallele?: pGenes pare pDNA
1 p/
p17
,psections pthat pcode pfor pspecific pproteins por pfunctional pRNA, pplaying pa pcrucial ppart pin pbiological
pfunctions. pAlleles, phowever, pare pvariations pof pthese pgenes, pleading pto pdiverse ptraits psuch pas peye
pcolor.
7. Diploid pvs. pHaploid: pdiploid pis ptwo psets pof pchromosomes pand phaploid pis pone pset pof
pchromosomes
8. What pare phomologous pchromosomes?: pTwo pchromosomes pwith pthe psame pset
pof pgenes, pin pthe psame psequence, psometimes pwith pditterent palleles
9. coding p genes: p code pfor punique pprotein pmolecules
10. noncoding p genes: p genes pthat pare ptranscribed pbut pnot ptranslated
11. What pis pthe pevolution?: pthe pprocess pof pchange pover ptime. pDESCENT pWITH
pMODIFICATION
12. descent pwith pmodification: pprinciple pthat peach pliving pspecies phas pdescended,
pwith pchanges, pfrom pother pspecies pover ptime
13. vLiving p things p (populations) p change p over p time p + p Natural
p selection p =: p Evolution
14. Point pmutations pare: pchanges pin pthe pbase pgenes pthat pcan phave pa psignificant
pimpact pon pphenotype; pex. psickle-cell pdisease
15. Transcription pvs. pTranslation:
pTranscription p: pDNA p-> pRNA pTranslation p: pRNA p->
pProtein
16. artificial pselection: pProcess pof phuman pdirected pbreeding paimed pto pselect ptraits
pthat pnature pmay pnot phave potherwise pselected
17. natural pselection: pA pprocess pin pwhich pindividuals pthat phave pcertain pinherited
ptraits ptend pto psurvive pand preproduce pat phigher prates pthan pother pindividuals pbecause pof
pthose ptraits.
18. Mutations pare: pheritable pchanges pin pthe psequence pof pDNA pbases
19. analogous: p comparable
20. vestigial pstructures: premnant pof pa pstructure pthat pmay phave phad pan
pimportant pfunction pin pa pspecies' pancestors, pbut phas pno pclear pfunction pin pthe pmodern
pspecies.
2 p/
p17
, 21. Psuedogenes: p former pgenes pthat phave paccumulated pmutations pand pare pnonfunction
22. treatment pgroup: pthe pgroup pthat preceives pthe ptreatment
23. independent pvariable: pThe pexperimental pfactor pthat pis pmanipulated; pthe pvariable
pwhose pettect pis pbeing pstudied.
24. dependent pvariable: pThe poutcome pfactor; pthe pvariable pthat pmay pchange pin
presponse pto pmanipulations pof pthe pindependent pvariable.
25. controlled p variable: p A pvariable pthat pis pnot pchanged; pstays pthe psame pthroughout
pthe pexperiment
26. Structures p as p different p as p human p arms, p bat p wings, p and
p dolphin p flippers p con- ptain pmany pof pthe psame pbones, pwhich
pdevelop pfrom psimilar pembryonic ptissues. pThese pstructural
psimilarities pare pan pexample pof: phomolgy
27. Cotton-topped ptamarins pare psmall pprimates pwith ptufts pof
plong pwhite phair p on ptheir pheads. pWhile pstudying pthese
pcreatures, pyou pnotice pthat pmales pwith plonger phair pget pmore
popportunities pto pmate pand pfather pmore poffspring. pTo p test pthe
phypothesis pthat phaving plonger phair pis padaptive pin pthese
pmales, pyou pshould: pdetermine pif phair plength pis pheritable
28. Given pa ppopulation pthat pcontains pgenetic pvariation, pwhat
pis pthe pcorrect pse- pquence pof pthe pfollowing pevents punder pthe
pinfluence pof pnatural pselection?
1. Well-adapted p individuals p leave p more p offspring p than p do
p poorly p adapted p indi- pviduals.
2. A p change p occurs p in p the p environment.
3. Genetic p frequencies p within p the p population p change.
4. Poorly p adapted p individuals p have p decreased p survivorship.: p 2 p’4 p’1
p’3
29. Which p statement p illustrates p the p connection p between
p natural p selection p and psurvival pof poffspring?
A) Individuals pwith pinherited ptraits pthat ppromote psurvival ptend
pto phave pmore psurviving poffspring.
3 p/
p17
ANSWERS
1. What p is p referred p to p as p the p "changing p factor" p in p a p scientific
p experiment?: p inde- ppendent pvariable
2. When p the p sixth p step p of p the p scientific p method p is p referred p to p as
p "discussion" p what pis pthe pterm pdiscussion preferring pto?: pwhen pa pscientist
pdiscussed pweather por pnot pthe pdata pfrom ptheir pexperiment psupported ptheir phypothesis pand
pthe prelationship pto pother prelevant pscientific pstudies
3. What p is p the p function p of p DNA?: p store pand ptransmit pgenetic pinformation
4. On pwhat pstructures pdo pwe pfind pDNA?: pchromosomes
5. What pis pa pgenome?: pThe pentire pset pof pgenetic pmaterial pin pan porganism
6. What pis pthe pdifference pbetween pa pgene pand pan pallele?: pGenes pare pDNA
1 p/
p17
,psections pthat pcode pfor pspecific pproteins por pfunctional pRNA, pplaying pa pcrucial ppart pin pbiological
pfunctions. pAlleles, phowever, pare pvariations pof pthese pgenes, pleading pto pdiverse ptraits psuch pas peye
pcolor.
7. Diploid pvs. pHaploid: pdiploid pis ptwo psets pof pchromosomes pand phaploid pis pone pset pof
pchromosomes
8. What pare phomologous pchromosomes?: pTwo pchromosomes pwith pthe psame pset
pof pgenes, pin pthe psame psequence, psometimes pwith pditterent palleles
9. coding p genes: p code pfor punique pprotein pmolecules
10. noncoding p genes: p genes pthat pare ptranscribed pbut pnot ptranslated
11. What pis pthe pevolution?: pthe pprocess pof pchange pover ptime. pDESCENT pWITH
pMODIFICATION
12. descent pwith pmodification: pprinciple pthat peach pliving pspecies phas pdescended,
pwith pchanges, pfrom pother pspecies pover ptime
13. vLiving p things p (populations) p change p over p time p + p Natural
p selection p =: p Evolution
14. Point pmutations pare: pchanges pin pthe pbase pgenes pthat pcan phave pa psignificant
pimpact pon pphenotype; pex. psickle-cell pdisease
15. Transcription pvs. pTranslation:
pTranscription p: pDNA p-> pRNA pTranslation p: pRNA p->
pProtein
16. artificial pselection: pProcess pof phuman pdirected pbreeding paimed pto pselect ptraits
pthat pnature pmay pnot phave potherwise pselected
17. natural pselection: pA pprocess pin pwhich pindividuals pthat phave pcertain pinherited
ptraits ptend pto psurvive pand preproduce pat phigher prates pthan pother pindividuals pbecause pof
pthose ptraits.
18. Mutations pare: pheritable pchanges pin pthe psequence pof pDNA pbases
19. analogous: p comparable
20. vestigial pstructures: premnant pof pa pstructure pthat pmay phave phad pan
pimportant pfunction pin pa pspecies' pancestors, pbut phas pno pclear pfunction pin pthe pmodern
pspecies.
2 p/
p17
, 21. Psuedogenes: p former pgenes pthat phave paccumulated pmutations pand pare pnonfunction
22. treatment pgroup: pthe pgroup pthat preceives pthe ptreatment
23. independent pvariable: pThe pexperimental pfactor pthat pis pmanipulated; pthe pvariable
pwhose pettect pis pbeing pstudied.
24. dependent pvariable: pThe poutcome pfactor; pthe pvariable pthat pmay pchange pin
presponse pto pmanipulations pof pthe pindependent pvariable.
25. controlled p variable: p A pvariable pthat pis pnot pchanged; pstays pthe psame pthroughout
pthe pexperiment
26. Structures p as p different p as p human p arms, p bat p wings, p and
p dolphin p flippers p con- ptain pmany pof pthe psame pbones, pwhich
pdevelop pfrom psimilar pembryonic ptissues. pThese pstructural
psimilarities pare pan pexample pof: phomolgy
27. Cotton-topped ptamarins pare psmall pprimates pwith ptufts pof
plong pwhite phair p on ptheir pheads. pWhile pstudying pthese
pcreatures, pyou pnotice pthat pmales pwith plonger phair pget pmore
popportunities pto pmate pand pfather pmore poffspring. pTo p test pthe
phypothesis pthat phaving plonger phair pis padaptive pin pthese
pmales, pyou pshould: pdetermine pif phair plength pis pheritable
28. Given pa ppopulation pthat pcontains pgenetic pvariation, pwhat
pis pthe pcorrect pse- pquence pof pthe pfollowing pevents punder pthe
pinfluence pof pnatural pselection?
1. Well-adapted p individuals p leave p more p offspring p than p do
p poorly p adapted p indi- pviduals.
2. A p change p occurs p in p the p environment.
3. Genetic p frequencies p within p the p population p change.
4. Poorly p adapted p individuals p have p decreased p survivorship.: p 2 p’4 p’1
p’3
29. Which p statement p illustrates p the p connection p between
p natural p selection p and psurvival pof poffspring?
A) Individuals pwith pinherited ptraits pthat ppromote psurvival ptend
pto phave pmore psurviving poffspring.
3 p/
p17
