,TESTBANK FOR An Invitation to Health Canadian
Edition 7th Edition Tunks
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
1. Which of the following have an interconnectedness, according to Indigenous wellness, as guided by
holism?
a. the mind and the spiritual world b. the body, mind, and spirit
c. the individual and health care d. the individual and the spiritual world
ANSWER: b
2. According to the First Nations Perspective on Health and Wellness, what does the centre of the circle
represent?
a. the role of Elders in promoting health and wellness
b. the function of the community in promoting health and wellness
c. the influence of balance on health and wellness
d. the individual’s responsibility for health and wellness
ANSWER: d
3. How does the World Health Organization define health?
a. physical health accompanied by sound mental health
b. having regular medical checkups
c. a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
d. being sound in body, mind, and spirit
ANSWER: c
4. Which group of four elements is included in the Health Field Concept framework?
a. health-care organizations, lifestyle, environment, human biology
b. lifestyle, health-care organizations, human biology, illness prevention
c. health promotion, human biology, lifestyle, health-care organizations
d. human biology, environment, health-care organizations, health promotion
ANSWER: a
5. Which term is defined as the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and
improve it?
a. wellness b. intellectual health
c. holistic health d. health promotion
ANSWER: d
6. Which three national health challenges were identified in the 1986 report titled Achieving Health for
All: A Framework for Health Promotion?
a. reducing inequities, increasing prevention effort, enhancing people’s capacity to cope
b. increasing prevention effort, reducing disease rates, reducing inequities
c. enhancing people’s capacity to cope, increasing prevention effort, reducing disease rates
d. reducing disease rates, reducing inequities, enhancing people’s capacity to cope
ANSWER: a
7. In the Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion report, which three mechanisms to
health promotion were identified?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
a. healthy eating, supportive care, supportive environment
b. healthy environments, supportive care, healthy eating
c. healthy environments, self-care, mutual aid
d. supportive environments, self-care, mutual aid
ANSWER: c
8. Which three life domains are identified in the Quality of Life Model?
a. beginning, belonging, and becoming b. being, belonging, and becoming
c. being, belonging, and togetherness d. belonging, becoming, and togetherness
ANSWER: b
9. What does the term “population health” refer to?
a. predisposing factors concerning health in the Canadian population
b. population density and its impact on the health of Canadians
c. the accessibility of health care for Canadians
d. the social and economic forces that shape the health of Canadians
ANSWER: d
10. Suppose that the local health unit has released a report on the number of people diagnosed with cancer
in the region. Which type of study would this report be an example of?
a. epidemiologic b. epidemic
c. analytic d. diagnostic
ANSWER: a
11. Which best describes the term “wellness”?
a. having a positive outlook
b. having the capacity to live life to the fullest
c. being psychologically healthy
d. the absence of disease or infirmity
ANSWER: b
12. Which dimension of health is associated with building healthy communities?
a. psychological b. emotional
c. social d. spiritual
ANSWER: c
13. Finding something you like to do while also having time to spend with your family and friends is
reflected by which dimension of health?
a. emotional b. intellectual
c. social d. occupational
ANSWER: d
14. Which of the following best describes spiritual wellness?
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
a. experiencing love, joy, peace, and fulfillment
b. feeling excited about oneself and one’s life
c. attending church on sacred holidays
d. actively seeking out new friendships
ANSWER: a
15. Which of the following is an essential step toward maintaining optimal physical wellness?
a. taking an aspirin every day b. regular aerobic activity
c. moderate alcohol consumption d. counting calories
ANSWER: b
16. Which dimension of health is learning from our mistakes an example of?
a. social b. mental
c. environmental d. intellectual
ANSWER: d
17. What does emotional wellness refer to?
a. intelligence quotient (IQ) b. the absence of problems or illness
c. expressing and managing feelings d. critical thinking
ANSWER: c
18. Which of the following is the best example of an initiative to support environmental wellness?
a. creating high occupancy vehicle lanes on highways
b. installing water bottle refill stations at worksites
c. avoiding filling up your car if fuel prices are too high
d. only purchasing organic foods
ANSWER: b
19. What is a difference in women’s health compared to men’s health?
a. Women are more likely to be overweight than men.
b. Women are more likely to develop an alcohol problem than men.
c. Women are more likely to have a lower life expectancy than men.
d. Women are more likely to be physically active than men.
ANSWER: a
20. What is a difference in men’s health compared to women’s health?
a. Men are more likely to be overweight than women.
b. Men are more likely to live longer than women.
c. Men are more likely to be physically active than women.
d. Men are more likely to develop autoimmune disorders than women.
ANSWER: c
21. What are the three types of factors that influence our behaviours?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
a. enabling, predisposing, reinforcing b. enhancing, predisposing, positive praise
c. enabling, confirming, reinforcing d. enhancing, positive praise, confirming
ANSWER: a
22. Mandy is trying to eat a healthier diet and decides to take a cooking class on how to prepare healthier
meals. Which factor best describes Mandy’s learning how to cook healthier?
a. confirming b. enabling
c. positive praise d. behavioural
ANSWER: b
23. Greg has recently lost 10 kilograms by being more physically active and eating more vegetables as
snacks. His best friend, Dan, commented on how great he looked and asked how much weight he has
lost. Which factor is Dan’s comment to Greg an example of?
a. reinforcing b. enabling
c. confirming d. positive praise
ANSWER: a
24. Silvia would like to start an exercise program to increase her upper body strength, but she does not
feel confident using the weight machines at the local recreation centre. Which factor is Silvia’s lack of
confidence an example of?
a. reinforcing b. low self-efficacy
c. behavioural d. predisposing
ANSWER: d
25. Which type of influencing factor is having a membership to a health club an example of?
a. behavioural factor b. enabling factor
c. influencing factor d. reinforcing factor
ANSWER: b
26. Which term best describes a university that does not allow smoking on campus?
a. behavioural factor b. enabling factor
c. predisposing factor d. reinforcing factor
ANSWER: d
27. Which term refers to a feeling or way of thinking that affects a person’s behaviour?
a. attitude b. perception
c. affirmation d. belief
ANSWER: a
28. What is one of the defining characteristics of a belief?
a. knowing you are right
b. an outlook on life
c. a perception of how things should be
d. a state of mind in which trust is placed in something
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
ANSWER: d
29. According to the Health Belief Model, which factors must support a belief in order for change to
occur?
a. perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived cautiousness
b. perceived susceptibility, perceived cautiousness, perceived accessibility
c. perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, cues to action
d. perceived cautiousness, perceived accessibility, cues to action
ANSWER: c
30. What is believed to be one of the most important factors of the Health Belief Model?
a. perceived severity b. cues to action
c. perceived susceptibility d. self-efficacy
ANSWER: d
31. According to the SMART model, what is a realistic goal for an inactive individual?
a. doing 30 minutes of walking 3 days a week
b. doing 30 minutes of weight lifting at home
c. running for 30 minutes daily
d. doing 30 minutes of activity every day
ANSWER: a
32. According to the SMART model, which term is a defining characteristic for goal setting?
a. meaningful b. simple
c. appropriate d. measurable
ANSWER: d
33. Which of the following is an example of self-determined behaviour, as described through self-
determination theory?
a. Jody avoids eating sugar because he does not b. Lori regularly runs outside because she
want to gain weight. finds it enjoyable.
c. Steve eats vegetables so his mom does not nag d. Clair goes to the gym so she can meet
him to eat vegetables. people.
ANSWER: b
34. Jack has been physically active five days a week for over two years. Which stage of change is Jack
in?
a. maintenance b. action
c. continuous d. termination
ANSWER: d
35. Roy is a smoker but does not acknowledge that this might be harmful to his health. Which stage of
change is Roy in?
a. precontemplation b. contemplation
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
c. preparation d. action
ANSWER: a
36. One type of behaviour change strategy is believing that you are able to accomplish a goal. What is the
term for this strategy?
a. modelling b. self-talk
c. positive reinforcement d. shaping
ANSWER: b
37. Which of the following is the best example of protection?
a. not texting while driving
b. abstaining from sex
c. applying sunscreen every day before going outside
d. doing some type of physical activity most days of the week
ANSWER: c
38. A researcher reports on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among immigrants to Canada. What is this
type of research known as?
a. environmental epidemiology
b. analytical epidemiology
c. genetic epidemiology
d. descriptive epidemiology genetic epidemiology
ANSWER: d
39. Which theory of behaviour change is related to the interaction among people, their behaviour, and the
environment?
a. theory of reasoned action
b. social cognitive theory
c. theory of planned behaviour
d. self-affirmation theory
ANSWER: b
40. The term for the actions people take to help each other cope is __________________.
ANSWER: mutual aid
41. A way of thinking that builds upon public health and health promotion but goes beyond the previous
understanding of health and illness is __________ health.
ANSWER: population
42. The _______________________ model uses a socio-ecological approach to improve health.
ANSWER: Precede–Proceed
precede-proceed
43. The measure of _____________________ provides an indication of the degree to which a person
enjoys their life.
ANSWER: quality of life
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
44. The _____________ Model focuses on attitudes and beliefs to explain health behaviours.
ANSWER: Health Belief
health belief
45. The organization that attempts to inspire Canadians to become more physically active is known as
_______________.
ANSWER: ParticipACTION
Participaction
participaction
46. _______________ is the study of the distribution of diseases in a population.
ANSWER: Epidemiology
47. Volunteering as a peer tutor on campus is an example of ______________ wellness.
ANSWER: social
48. Awareness of your own feelings and those of others is an example of __________ wellness.
ANSWER: emotional
49. The field of research that studies where people live is known as __________________.
ANSWER: demography
50. The increase in the exchange of capital, goods, and people is known as __________.
ANSWER: globalization
51. ______________ refers to individuals having enough safe and nutritious food to maintain health.
ANSWER: Food security
52. An act of violence against people of colour is an example of __________.
ANSWER: racism
53. Removing soft drinks from vending machines in schools in order to address the problem of childhood
obesity is an example of a(n) __________ factor.
ANSWER: enabling
54. According to the Health Belief Model, being short of breath after climbing a flight of stairs is
associated with ___________________.
ANSWER: perceived severity
55. Hanging out with friends who believe it is cool to smoke is an example of a _________ norm.
ANSWER: social
56. Whitney intends to stop smoking within the next 30 days. According to the transtheoretical model of
change, Whitney is in the __________ stage.
ANSWER: preparation
57. Tony’s belief that he can eat eight servings of fruit and vegetables a day is an example of
_____________________.
ANSWER: self-efficacy
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
58. Rachel’s belief that being more physically active on a daily basis will be good for her overall health is
an example of a _______________ locus of control.
ANSWER: internal
59. In Canada, First Nations, Inuit, and Métis are three distinct groups collectively referred to as
_____________.
ANSWER: Indigenous Peoples
60. List the three life domains of the Quality of Life Model and describe what the model emphasizes.
ANSWER: A. Being
B. Belonging
C. Becoming
The model emphasizes an individual’s physical, psychological, and spiritual functioning; the
connections with their environment; and opportunities for maintaining and enhancing skills.
61. List and define the seven dimensions of wellness.
ANSWER: A. Social: Effectively interacting with others
B. Occupational: Choosing a career that is consistent with personal values, interests, and
beliefs
C. Spiritual: Identifying a basic purpose in life; learning to experience love, joy, and
fulfillment
D. Physical: Engaging in physical activity and healthy eating, maintaining a healthy body
weight, and avoiding harmful behaviours
E. Intellectual: Ability to think and learn from life experience, and openness to new ideas
F. Emotional: Being positive, enthusiastic, and having the capacity to express and manage
feelings
G. Environmental: Being respectful and attempting to live in harmony with nature
62. List and briefly describe any five social determinants of health.
ANSWER: A. Income and income distribution: Lower income predisposes to social deprivation,
resulting in inability to afford basic needs such as food, clothing, and housing, and can limit
participation in recreational, educational, and cultural activities.
B. Education: Individuals with higher levels of education tend to have better health and
access to better job training and employment opportunities.
C. Unemployment and job security: Unemployment and lack of job security may lead to
psychological stress, anxiety, depression, and increased suicide rates.
D. Employment and working conditions: A source of income is important for overall
health. However, unrealistic working demands can cause high levels of work stress, leading
to poor health and poor working conditions, which may lead to workplace injuries.
E. Early child development: Children who live in disadvantaged conditions often have skills
and behaviours at lower levels compared to their peers. Conditions include poverty, little
access to nutritious food, inadequate housing, and lack of safe childcare.
F. Food security: Food insecurity is linked to behavioural, emotional, and academic
problems later in life. Malnutrition can result in chronic disease, such as heart disease and
diabetes later in life.
G. Housing: Many individuals live in unsuitable, inadequate, or unaffordable housing, all of
which can impact health outcomes.
H. Social exclusion: Social exclusion based on gender, age, ability, sexual orientation, race,
ethnicity, and religious beliefs are often denied participation in civil affairs, social and cultural
activities, access to healthcare options, employment opportunities, and education.
I. Social safety net: A social safety net includes programs, services, and benefits that help
individuals and families during various life transitions; unexpected job loss, housing
challenges, and major mental or physical health issues experienced during the COVID-19
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
Edition 7th Edition Tunks
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
1. Which of the following have an interconnectedness, according to Indigenous wellness, as guided by
holism?
a. the mind and the spiritual world b. the body, mind, and spirit
c. the individual and health care d. the individual and the spiritual world
ANSWER: b
2. According to the First Nations Perspective on Health and Wellness, what does the centre of the circle
represent?
a. the role of Elders in promoting health and wellness
b. the function of the community in promoting health and wellness
c. the influence of balance on health and wellness
d. the individual’s responsibility for health and wellness
ANSWER: d
3. How does the World Health Organization define health?
a. physical health accompanied by sound mental health
b. having regular medical checkups
c. a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
d. being sound in body, mind, and spirit
ANSWER: c
4. Which group of four elements is included in the Health Field Concept framework?
a. health-care organizations, lifestyle, environment, human biology
b. lifestyle, health-care organizations, human biology, illness prevention
c. health promotion, human biology, lifestyle, health-care organizations
d. human biology, environment, health-care organizations, health promotion
ANSWER: a
5. Which term is defined as the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and
improve it?
a. wellness b. intellectual health
c. holistic health d. health promotion
ANSWER: d
6. Which three national health challenges were identified in the 1986 report titled Achieving Health for
All: A Framework for Health Promotion?
a. reducing inequities, increasing prevention effort, enhancing people’s capacity to cope
b. increasing prevention effort, reducing disease rates, reducing inequities
c. enhancing people’s capacity to cope, increasing prevention effort, reducing disease rates
d. reducing disease rates, reducing inequities, enhancing people’s capacity to cope
ANSWER: a
7. In the Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion report, which three mechanisms to
health promotion were identified?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
a. healthy eating, supportive care, supportive environment
b. healthy environments, supportive care, healthy eating
c. healthy environments, self-care, mutual aid
d. supportive environments, self-care, mutual aid
ANSWER: c
8. Which three life domains are identified in the Quality of Life Model?
a. beginning, belonging, and becoming b. being, belonging, and becoming
c. being, belonging, and togetherness d. belonging, becoming, and togetherness
ANSWER: b
9. What does the term “population health” refer to?
a. predisposing factors concerning health in the Canadian population
b. population density and its impact on the health of Canadians
c. the accessibility of health care for Canadians
d. the social and economic forces that shape the health of Canadians
ANSWER: d
10. Suppose that the local health unit has released a report on the number of people diagnosed with cancer
in the region. Which type of study would this report be an example of?
a. epidemiologic b. epidemic
c. analytic d. diagnostic
ANSWER: a
11. Which best describes the term “wellness”?
a. having a positive outlook
b. having the capacity to live life to the fullest
c. being psychologically healthy
d. the absence of disease or infirmity
ANSWER: b
12. Which dimension of health is associated with building healthy communities?
a. psychological b. emotional
c. social d. spiritual
ANSWER: c
13. Finding something you like to do while also having time to spend with your family and friends is
reflected by which dimension of health?
a. emotional b. intellectual
c. social d. occupational
ANSWER: d
14. Which of the following best describes spiritual wellness?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
a. experiencing love, joy, peace, and fulfillment
b. feeling excited about oneself and one’s life
c. attending church on sacred holidays
d. actively seeking out new friendships
ANSWER: a
15. Which of the following is an essential step toward maintaining optimal physical wellness?
a. taking an aspirin every day b. regular aerobic activity
c. moderate alcohol consumption d. counting calories
ANSWER: b
16. Which dimension of health is learning from our mistakes an example of?
a. social b. mental
c. environmental d. intellectual
ANSWER: d
17. What does emotional wellness refer to?
a. intelligence quotient (IQ) b. the absence of problems or illness
c. expressing and managing feelings d. critical thinking
ANSWER: c
18. Which of the following is the best example of an initiative to support environmental wellness?
a. creating high occupancy vehicle lanes on highways
b. installing water bottle refill stations at worksites
c. avoiding filling up your car if fuel prices are too high
d. only purchasing organic foods
ANSWER: b
19. What is a difference in women’s health compared to men’s health?
a. Women are more likely to be overweight than men.
b. Women are more likely to develop an alcohol problem than men.
c. Women are more likely to have a lower life expectancy than men.
d. Women are more likely to be physically active than men.
ANSWER: a
20. What is a difference in men’s health compared to women’s health?
a. Men are more likely to be overweight than women.
b. Men are more likely to live longer than women.
c. Men are more likely to be physically active than women.
d. Men are more likely to develop autoimmune disorders than women.
ANSWER: c
21. What are the three types of factors that influence our behaviours?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
a. enabling, predisposing, reinforcing b. enhancing, predisposing, positive praise
c. enabling, confirming, reinforcing d. enhancing, positive praise, confirming
ANSWER: a
22. Mandy is trying to eat a healthier diet and decides to take a cooking class on how to prepare healthier
meals. Which factor best describes Mandy’s learning how to cook healthier?
a. confirming b. enabling
c. positive praise d. behavioural
ANSWER: b
23. Greg has recently lost 10 kilograms by being more physically active and eating more vegetables as
snacks. His best friend, Dan, commented on how great he looked and asked how much weight he has
lost. Which factor is Dan’s comment to Greg an example of?
a. reinforcing b. enabling
c. confirming d. positive praise
ANSWER: a
24. Silvia would like to start an exercise program to increase her upper body strength, but she does not
feel confident using the weight machines at the local recreation centre. Which factor is Silvia’s lack of
confidence an example of?
a. reinforcing b. low self-efficacy
c. behavioural d. predisposing
ANSWER: d
25. Which type of influencing factor is having a membership to a health club an example of?
a. behavioural factor b. enabling factor
c. influencing factor d. reinforcing factor
ANSWER: b
26. Which term best describes a university that does not allow smoking on campus?
a. behavioural factor b. enabling factor
c. predisposing factor d. reinforcing factor
ANSWER: d
27. Which term refers to a feeling or way of thinking that affects a person’s behaviour?
a. attitude b. perception
c. affirmation d. belief
ANSWER: a
28. What is one of the defining characteristics of a belief?
a. knowing you are right
b. an outlook on life
c. a perception of how things should be
d. a state of mind in which trust is placed in something
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
ANSWER: d
29. According to the Health Belief Model, which factors must support a belief in order for change to
occur?
a. perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived cautiousness
b. perceived susceptibility, perceived cautiousness, perceived accessibility
c. perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, cues to action
d. perceived cautiousness, perceived accessibility, cues to action
ANSWER: c
30. What is believed to be one of the most important factors of the Health Belief Model?
a. perceived severity b. cues to action
c. perceived susceptibility d. self-efficacy
ANSWER: d
31. According to the SMART model, what is a realistic goal for an inactive individual?
a. doing 30 minutes of walking 3 days a week
b. doing 30 minutes of weight lifting at home
c. running for 30 minutes daily
d. doing 30 minutes of activity every day
ANSWER: a
32. According to the SMART model, which term is a defining characteristic for goal setting?
a. meaningful b. simple
c. appropriate d. measurable
ANSWER: d
33. Which of the following is an example of self-determined behaviour, as described through self-
determination theory?
a. Jody avoids eating sugar because he does not b. Lori regularly runs outside because she
want to gain weight. finds it enjoyable.
c. Steve eats vegetables so his mom does not nag d. Clair goes to the gym so she can meet
him to eat vegetables. people.
ANSWER: b
34. Jack has been physically active five days a week for over two years. Which stage of change is Jack
in?
a. maintenance b. action
c. continuous d. termination
ANSWER: d
35. Roy is a smoker but does not acknowledge that this might be harmful to his health. Which stage of
change is Roy in?
a. precontemplation b. contemplation
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
c. preparation d. action
ANSWER: a
36. One type of behaviour change strategy is believing that you are able to accomplish a goal. What is the
term for this strategy?
a. modelling b. self-talk
c. positive reinforcement d. shaping
ANSWER: b
37. Which of the following is the best example of protection?
a. not texting while driving
b. abstaining from sex
c. applying sunscreen every day before going outside
d. doing some type of physical activity most days of the week
ANSWER: c
38. A researcher reports on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among immigrants to Canada. What is this
type of research known as?
a. environmental epidemiology
b. analytical epidemiology
c. genetic epidemiology
d. descriptive epidemiology genetic epidemiology
ANSWER: d
39. Which theory of behaviour change is related to the interaction among people, their behaviour, and the
environment?
a. theory of reasoned action
b. social cognitive theory
c. theory of planned behaviour
d. self-affirmation theory
ANSWER: b
40. The term for the actions people take to help each other cope is __________________.
ANSWER: mutual aid
41. A way of thinking that builds upon public health and health promotion but goes beyond the previous
understanding of health and illness is __________ health.
ANSWER: population
42. The _______________________ model uses a socio-ecological approach to improve health.
ANSWER: Precede–Proceed
precede-proceed
43. The measure of _____________________ provides an indication of the degree to which a person
enjoys their life.
ANSWER: quality of life
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
44. The _____________ Model focuses on attitudes and beliefs to explain health behaviours.
ANSWER: Health Belief
health belief
45. The organization that attempts to inspire Canadians to become more physically active is known as
_______________.
ANSWER: ParticipACTION
Participaction
participaction
46. _______________ is the study of the distribution of diseases in a population.
ANSWER: Epidemiology
47. Volunteering as a peer tutor on campus is an example of ______________ wellness.
ANSWER: social
48. Awareness of your own feelings and those of others is an example of __________ wellness.
ANSWER: emotional
49. The field of research that studies where people live is known as __________________.
ANSWER: demography
50. The increase in the exchange of capital, goods, and people is known as __________.
ANSWER: globalization
51. ______________ refers to individuals having enough safe and nutritious food to maintain health.
ANSWER: Food security
52. An act of violence against people of colour is an example of __________.
ANSWER: racism
53. Removing soft drinks from vending machines in schools in order to address the problem of childhood
obesity is an example of a(n) __________ factor.
ANSWER: enabling
54. According to the Health Belief Model, being short of breath after climbing a flight of stairs is
associated with ___________________.
ANSWER: perceived severity
55. Hanging out with friends who believe it is cool to smoke is an example of a _________ norm.
ANSWER: social
56. Whitney intends to stop smoking within the next 30 days. According to the transtheoretical model of
change, Whitney is in the __________ stage.
ANSWER: preparation
57. Tony’s belief that he can eat eight servings of fruit and vegetables a day is an example of
_____________________.
ANSWER: self-efficacy
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - An Invitation to Health and Wellness
58. Rachel’s belief that being more physically active on a daily basis will be good for her overall health is
an example of a _______________ locus of control.
ANSWER: internal
59. In Canada, First Nations, Inuit, and Métis are three distinct groups collectively referred to as
_____________.
ANSWER: Indigenous Peoples
60. List the three life domains of the Quality of Life Model and describe what the model emphasizes.
ANSWER: A. Being
B. Belonging
C. Becoming
The model emphasizes an individual’s physical, psychological, and spiritual functioning; the
connections with their environment; and opportunities for maintaining and enhancing skills.
61. List and define the seven dimensions of wellness.
ANSWER: A. Social: Effectively interacting with others
B. Occupational: Choosing a career that is consistent with personal values, interests, and
beliefs
C. Spiritual: Identifying a basic purpose in life; learning to experience love, joy, and
fulfillment
D. Physical: Engaging in physical activity and healthy eating, maintaining a healthy body
weight, and avoiding harmful behaviours
E. Intellectual: Ability to think and learn from life experience, and openness to new ideas
F. Emotional: Being positive, enthusiastic, and having the capacity to express and manage
feelings
G. Environmental: Being respectful and attempting to live in harmony with nature
62. List and briefly describe any five social determinants of health.
ANSWER: A. Income and income distribution: Lower income predisposes to social deprivation,
resulting in inability to afford basic needs such as food, clothing, and housing, and can limit
participation in recreational, educational, and cultural activities.
B. Education: Individuals with higher levels of education tend to have better health and
access to better job training and employment opportunities.
C. Unemployment and job security: Unemployment and lack of job security may lead to
psychological stress, anxiety, depression, and increased suicide rates.
D. Employment and working conditions: A source of income is important for overall
health. However, unrealistic working demands can cause high levels of work stress, leading
to poor health and poor working conditions, which may lead to workplace injuries.
E. Early child development: Children who live in disadvantaged conditions often have skills
and behaviours at lower levels compared to their peers. Conditions include poverty, little
access to nutritious food, inadequate housing, and lack of safe childcare.
F. Food security: Food insecurity is linked to behavioural, emotional, and academic
problems later in life. Malnutrition can result in chronic disease, such as heart disease and
diabetes later in life.
G. Housing: Many individuals live in unsuitable, inadequate, or unaffordable housing, all of
which can impact health outcomes.
H. Social exclusion: Social exclusion based on gender, age, ability, sexual orientation, race,
ethnicity, and religious beliefs are often denied participation in civil affairs, social and cultural
activities, access to healthcare options, employment opportunities, and education.
I. Social safety net: A social safety net includes programs, services, and benefits that help
individuals and families during various life transitions; unexpected job loss, housing
challenges, and major mental or physical health issues experienced during the COVID-19
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