Biology 1202 exam 3 hrincevich
(questions and Answers interchanged, answers come first..)
1.2 billion years ago how long ago did cyanobacteria and protist likely exist on land
within the last 500 million years when did small plants, fungi, and animals emerge on land
no; they are photosynthetic are algae considered plants
protists
plants what is the ultimate source of most food eaten by land animals
marine microbes what species of plant produces the most oxygen
what does this picture mean
marine microbes are the plants
that supply the most oxygen
percent wise which is 50%
the snake plant what species of plant produces the most oxygen
green algae called charophytes what are the closest relatives of plants
1. rings of cellulose-synthesizing what are the 3 traits plants share only with charophytes
proteins
2. structure of flagellated sperms
formation of phragmoplast
3.
comparisons of nuclear, how do we know charophytes are the closest living relative of plants
chloroplast, and mitochondrial
DNA
In charophytes, a durable polymer layer
sporopollenin
_ ____ prevents zygotes from drying out
in plant spore walls where is sporopollenin found
to provided benefits: unfiltered why does sporopollenin move to land
sunlight, more plentiful CO2,
and nutrient-rich soil
,Land also presented what challenges did land present to sporopollenin
challenges: a scarcity of water
and lack of structural
support against gravity
embryophytes what do we today define plants as
embryophytes plants with embryos
1. alternation of generations what are 5 key traits that appear in nearly all plants but are absent in
2. multicellular, dependent charophytes
embryos
3. walled spores produced in
sporangia
4. multicellular gametangia
5. apical meristems
Plants alternate between two
alternation of generations
multicellular generations, a
reproductive cycle called
gametophyte generation is haploid (N) and produces haploid gametes by meiosis
Fusion of a sperm and egg gives rise to the (N), which produces
diploid sporophyte haploid
spores by
meiosis
start of gametophyte what does this picture describe
produces haploid gametes by
mitosis then fusion of a sperm
and egg produce a zygote
and give rise to a diploid
sporophyte which produces
haploid spores by meiosis
start of gametophyte explain this picture and remember
produces haploid gametes by
mitosis then fusion of a sperm
and egg produce a zygote
and give rise to a diploid
sporophyte which produces
haploid spores by meiosis
within the tissue of the female where is the diploid embryo retained
gametophyte
placental transfer cells how are nutrients transferred from parent to embryo
because of the dependency of why are plants called embryophytes
the embryo on the planet
, what does this picture describe
how plants are called
embryophytes because of the
dependency of the embryo on
the plant.
sporangia The sporophyte produces spores in organs called
Diploid cells called _ undergo meiosis to
sporocytes
generate haploid spores
sporopollenin what do spore walls contain that make them resistant to harsh
environments
what is this an example of
the spore wall containing
sporopollenin to make them
resistant to harsh environments
within gametangia where are gametes produces
Female gametangia, called , produce a
archegonia
single non-motile egg
Male gametangia, called , produce and
antheridia
release sperm
, within an archegonium how is each egg in plants fertilized
which one is mnale and which one is
female is the top and has
female and how do you know
archegonia (the yellow and the
male is on the bottom and has
anthridia which is the brown
by repeated cell division within how do plants sustain continual growth in length
the apical meristems
identify the apical meristem and
the purple part in the root of
what the purpose of it is
the plant and it helps the plant
sustain continual growth in
length
cuticle a waxy covering of the epidermis
specialized cells that allow for
stomata and guard cells
gas exchange between the outside air and the plant
which cell is swollen and which cell
left is swollen right is flaccid.
is flaccid and identify the guard
the stromata and guard cells
cells and stromata
allow for gas exchange
between the outside air and
the plant
the apperance of plant spores in what indicates that plants colonized land at least 470 million years ago
the fossil record
what is this a picture of
fossilized spores and fossilized
sporophyte tissue
450 million year old rocks how old are fossilized spores and plant tissues
425 million years ago how old are fossils of sporagnium
vascular tissue cells joined into tubes for the transport of water and nutrients
vascular tissue what constitutes a vascular plant
bryophytes what are nonvascular plants commonly called
no do bryophytes form a monophyletic group (a clade)
what does this picture describe
bryophytes and vascular plants
are apart
angiosperm group. phylym where do most plant species fall into group wise
anthophyta vascular seed
plant
(questions and Answers interchanged, answers come first..)
1.2 billion years ago how long ago did cyanobacteria and protist likely exist on land
within the last 500 million years when did small plants, fungi, and animals emerge on land
no; they are photosynthetic are algae considered plants
protists
plants what is the ultimate source of most food eaten by land animals
marine microbes what species of plant produces the most oxygen
what does this picture mean
marine microbes are the plants
that supply the most oxygen
percent wise which is 50%
the snake plant what species of plant produces the most oxygen
green algae called charophytes what are the closest relatives of plants
1. rings of cellulose-synthesizing what are the 3 traits plants share only with charophytes
proteins
2. structure of flagellated sperms
formation of phragmoplast
3.
comparisons of nuclear, how do we know charophytes are the closest living relative of plants
chloroplast, and mitochondrial
DNA
In charophytes, a durable polymer layer
sporopollenin
_ ____ prevents zygotes from drying out
in plant spore walls where is sporopollenin found
to provided benefits: unfiltered why does sporopollenin move to land
sunlight, more plentiful CO2,
and nutrient-rich soil
,Land also presented what challenges did land present to sporopollenin
challenges: a scarcity of water
and lack of structural
support against gravity
embryophytes what do we today define plants as
embryophytes plants with embryos
1. alternation of generations what are 5 key traits that appear in nearly all plants but are absent in
2. multicellular, dependent charophytes
embryos
3. walled spores produced in
sporangia
4. multicellular gametangia
5. apical meristems
Plants alternate between two
alternation of generations
multicellular generations, a
reproductive cycle called
gametophyte generation is haploid (N) and produces haploid gametes by meiosis
Fusion of a sperm and egg gives rise to the (N), which produces
diploid sporophyte haploid
spores by
meiosis
start of gametophyte what does this picture describe
produces haploid gametes by
mitosis then fusion of a sperm
and egg produce a zygote
and give rise to a diploid
sporophyte which produces
haploid spores by meiosis
start of gametophyte explain this picture and remember
produces haploid gametes by
mitosis then fusion of a sperm
and egg produce a zygote
and give rise to a diploid
sporophyte which produces
haploid spores by meiosis
within the tissue of the female where is the diploid embryo retained
gametophyte
placental transfer cells how are nutrients transferred from parent to embryo
because of the dependency of why are plants called embryophytes
the embryo on the planet
, what does this picture describe
how plants are called
embryophytes because of the
dependency of the embryo on
the plant.
sporangia The sporophyte produces spores in organs called
Diploid cells called _ undergo meiosis to
sporocytes
generate haploid spores
sporopollenin what do spore walls contain that make them resistant to harsh
environments
what is this an example of
the spore wall containing
sporopollenin to make them
resistant to harsh environments
within gametangia where are gametes produces
Female gametangia, called , produce a
archegonia
single non-motile egg
Male gametangia, called , produce and
antheridia
release sperm
, within an archegonium how is each egg in plants fertilized
which one is mnale and which one is
female is the top and has
female and how do you know
archegonia (the yellow and the
male is on the bottom and has
anthridia which is the brown
by repeated cell division within how do plants sustain continual growth in length
the apical meristems
identify the apical meristem and
the purple part in the root of
what the purpose of it is
the plant and it helps the plant
sustain continual growth in
length
cuticle a waxy covering of the epidermis
specialized cells that allow for
stomata and guard cells
gas exchange between the outside air and the plant
which cell is swollen and which cell
left is swollen right is flaccid.
is flaccid and identify the guard
the stromata and guard cells
cells and stromata
allow for gas exchange
between the outside air and
the plant
the apperance of plant spores in what indicates that plants colonized land at least 470 million years ago
the fossil record
what is this a picture of
fossilized spores and fossilized
sporophyte tissue
450 million year old rocks how old are fossilized spores and plant tissues
425 million years ago how old are fossils of sporagnium
vascular tissue cells joined into tubes for the transport of water and nutrients
vascular tissue what constitutes a vascular plant
bryophytes what are nonvascular plants commonly called
no do bryophytes form a monophyletic group (a clade)
what does this picture describe
bryophytes and vascular plants
are apart
angiosperm group. phylym where do most plant species fall into group wise
anthophyta vascular seed
plant
