AACN PCCN Review Hematology Questions and Answers Complete Study Material with
Solution
Red, whites and platelets come from - (answer)bone marrow
clotting factors in plasma come from - (answer)liver
Hematopoiesis - (answer)blood cells come from stem cells in the bone marrow
DIC - Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - (answer)DIC is a secondary disorder
It presents as an over stimulation of both bleeding and thrombosis
Microvascular thrombi and bleeding occurring simultaneously
When DIC is a complication of sepsis or shock the mortality rate can be as high as 90%
It frequently is associated with MODS.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Risk Factors - (answer)Tissue Damage
Obstetric complications
Shock States
Massive blood or volume resuscitation
MODS or organ dysfunction
Cancers
Hematologic disorders
DCI Response - (answer)Tissue Damage
Platelet damage
Endothelial damage
when these line up, DIC will begin as a clotting process
, AACN PCCN Review Hematology Questions and Answers Complete Study Material with
Solution
DIC Process - (answer)Tissue Damage --> stimulates clotting --> platelets aggregate to form clot -->
stimulate the mediators to break up clot
This is a normal process but in DIC this process becomes chaotic
Clot --> from clot you produce mediators to break down clot --> start bleeding again --> more clots forms
and more clots broken down --> patient begins to lose ability to form clots
Consumptive Coagulopathy --- you have used up your ability to make clots faster than you can make
new ones
DIC Outline for Lab Results - (answer)H&H LOW (they are bleeding)
Platelets LOW (they used up their platelets)
PT/PTT HIGH
Fibrinogen LOW (you use fibrinogen to make clot)
Fibrin Split Products HIGH
D Dimer HIGH
DIC Treatment - (answer)Treat the cause
early recognition
decrease bleeding risk
treat pain
transfuse with blood
Vitamin K to make more clotting factors
ORDER HEPARIN DRIP -->cause of bleeding is clotting so if you stop clotting you stop the bleeding. It
helps as long as platelets aren't TOO low
Keep patient alive while we stop problem
Solution
Red, whites and platelets come from - (answer)bone marrow
clotting factors in plasma come from - (answer)liver
Hematopoiesis - (answer)blood cells come from stem cells in the bone marrow
DIC - Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - (answer)DIC is a secondary disorder
It presents as an over stimulation of both bleeding and thrombosis
Microvascular thrombi and bleeding occurring simultaneously
When DIC is a complication of sepsis or shock the mortality rate can be as high as 90%
It frequently is associated with MODS.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Risk Factors - (answer)Tissue Damage
Obstetric complications
Shock States
Massive blood or volume resuscitation
MODS or organ dysfunction
Cancers
Hematologic disorders
DCI Response - (answer)Tissue Damage
Platelet damage
Endothelial damage
when these line up, DIC will begin as a clotting process
, AACN PCCN Review Hematology Questions and Answers Complete Study Material with
Solution
DIC Process - (answer)Tissue Damage --> stimulates clotting --> platelets aggregate to form clot -->
stimulate the mediators to break up clot
This is a normal process but in DIC this process becomes chaotic
Clot --> from clot you produce mediators to break down clot --> start bleeding again --> more clots forms
and more clots broken down --> patient begins to lose ability to form clots
Consumptive Coagulopathy --- you have used up your ability to make clots faster than you can make
new ones
DIC Outline for Lab Results - (answer)H&H LOW (they are bleeding)
Platelets LOW (they used up their platelets)
PT/PTT HIGH
Fibrinogen LOW (you use fibrinogen to make clot)
Fibrin Split Products HIGH
D Dimer HIGH
DIC Treatment - (answer)Treat the cause
early recognition
decrease bleeding risk
treat pain
transfuse with blood
Vitamin K to make more clotting factors
ORDER HEPARIN DRIP -->cause of bleeding is clotting so if you stop clotting you stop the bleeding. It
helps as long as platelets aren't TOO low
Keep patient alive while we stop problem
