,CHAPTER 1—ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, THEIR CAUSES, AND
ssss ssss ssss ssss ssss
SUSTAINABILITY
ssss
MULTIPLE s s s s CHOICE
1. Sustainability refers to . s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. the way in which the natural world works
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. how we interact with the environment
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. human methods of coping with environmental problems
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. refusing, reducing, reusing, and recycling s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. the capacity of the earth‘s natural systems to survive,
s ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s flourish, s s s s and s s s s adapt
ANS: E PTS: 1
TOP: Core s s s s Case Study: A vision of as s s s s s s s s s s s ssss s s s s s s s s more
sustainable
s s s s s s s s world in 2065 KEY: Bloom's: ssss s s s s s s s s
Remember
s s s s NOT: New
2. Which discipline is ssss s s s s s s s s most s s s s associated s s s s with s s s s environmental s s s s science?
a. botany
b. political science s s s s
c. sociology
d. ecology
e. psychology
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: Modified
3. A forest with plants,
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s animals, s s s s and s s s s various s s s s other s s s s organisms s s s s is s s s s an s s s s example
of a(n)
s s s s .
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. ecosystem
b. species
c. ecology
d. life-support system ssss
e. nutrient
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand NOT: New s s s s
4. Using normally renewable resources
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s faster s s s s than s s s s nature s s s s can s s s s renew s s s s them s s s s is
called
s s s s . s s s s
a. nutrient cycling s s s s
b. nutrient deficit s s s s
c. sustainability
d. trade-offs
e. degrading natural capital s s s s s s s s
ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember
5. Solar energy is known s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s as s s s s a(n) s s s s .
a. renewable resource s s s s
b. recyclable resource ss s s
c. inexhaustible resource ssss
d. reusable resource s s s s
e. nonrenewable resource s s s s
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 s s s s What s s s s Are s s s s Some
Principles
s s s s s s s s of Sustainability?
ssss
, KEY: Bloom's: s s s s Remember
6. What is one of the three social science
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s principles s s s s of s s s s sustainability?
a. A dependence on solar energy
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. A focus on chemical cycling
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. The degradation of natural capital
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. A responsibility to future generations
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. The ability to retain biodiversity
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
7. Topsoil is an important s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s component s s s s of s s s s .
a. biodiversity
b. ecosystems
c. natural resources s s s s
d. win-win solutions ssss
e. nutrient cycling s s s s
ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
8. According to a number of environmental scientists,
ssss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s we s s s s already s s s s know s s s s how
to reuse or recycle at least
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s ssss
of the nonrenewable resources we use.
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. 80%
b. 65%
c. 50%
d. 40%
e. 25%
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
9. What are the priorities for more sustainable
ssss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s use s s s s of s s s s renewable s s s s resources, s s s s in
order?
s s s s
a. refuse, renew, reduce, and recycle s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. recycle, renew, reuse, and reduce s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. resource, recycle, renew, and reduce s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. refuse, reduce, reuse, and recycle s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. refuse, reduce, recycle, and renew s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
10. More-developed countries . s s s s s s s s
a. have a lower average income s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. use mostly renewable resources
s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. rely entirely on nonrenewable resources
sss s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. comprise 17% of the world‘s population s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. provide fewer recycling services s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
11. The primary difference between renewable
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s resources s s s s and s s s s nonrenewable s s s s resources
is
s s s s. s s s s
a. how easily each can be discovered
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
, b. the available amount of each resource
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. the length of time it takes for each to
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s be s s s s replenished
d. how fast each is being consumed
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. how quickly each can produce electricity
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand NOT: Modified s s s s
12. What term describes the highest rate at which a renewable
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s resource s s s s can
be used indefinitely without reducing its available supply?
s s s s s s s s s s s s ssss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. conservation
b. sustainable yield s s s s
c. preservation
d. perpetual resource s ss s
e. degradation
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember
13. Which substance s s s s s s s s would s s s s be s s s s considered s s s s a s s s s renewable s s s s resource?
a. copper
b. oil
c. fresh air s s s s
d. salt
e. sand
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand NOT: Modified s s s s
14. Which substance s s s s s s s s would s s s s be s s s s considered s s s s a s s s s nonrenewable s s s s resource?
a. groundwater
b. trees in a s s s s s s s s s s s s forest
c. fertile soil ss ss
d. oil
e. crops
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand NOT: Modified s s s s
15. All nonrenewable resources can theoretically
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s be s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. converted to nonmetallic minerals s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. converted to renewable ones s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. exhausted or depleted s s s s s s s s
d. recycled or reused s s s s s s s s
e. alive
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand
16. Which action is is an example of reuse?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. re-melting aluminum cans ssss s s s s
b. making compost out of kitchen scraps s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. using plastic butter tubs to store leftovers
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. using waste heat to warm a rooms s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. making paper goods from previously used paper
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ssss ssss ssss ssss ssss
SUSTAINABILITY
ssss
MULTIPLE s s s s CHOICE
1. Sustainability refers to . s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. the way in which the natural world works
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. how we interact with the environment
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. human methods of coping with environmental problems
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. refusing, reducing, reusing, and recycling s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. the capacity of the earth‘s natural systems to survive,
s ss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s flourish, s s s s and s s s s adapt
ANS: E PTS: 1
TOP: Core s s s s Case Study: A vision of as s s s s s s s s s s s ssss s s s s s s s s more
sustainable
s s s s s s s s world in 2065 KEY: Bloom's: ssss s s s s s s s s
Remember
s s s s NOT: New
2. Which discipline is ssss s s s s s s s s most s s s s associated s s s s with s s s s environmental s s s s science?
a. botany
b. political science s s s s
c. sociology
d. ecology
e. psychology
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: Modified
3. A forest with plants,
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s animals, s s s s and s s s s various s s s s other s s s s organisms s s s s is s s s s an s s s s example
of a(n)
s s s s .
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. ecosystem
b. species
c. ecology
d. life-support system ssss
e. nutrient
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand NOT: New s s s s
4. Using normally renewable resources
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s faster s s s s than s s s s nature s s s s can s s s s renew s s s s them s s s s is
called
s s s s . s s s s
a. nutrient cycling s s s s
b. nutrient deficit s s s s
c. sustainability
d. trade-offs
e. degrading natural capital s s s s s s s s
ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember
5. Solar energy is known s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s as s s s s a(n) s s s s .
a. renewable resource s s s s
b. recyclable resource ss s s
c. inexhaustible resource ssss
d. reusable resource s s s s
e. nonrenewable resource s s s s
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 s s s s What s s s s Are s s s s Some
Principles
s s s s s s s s of Sustainability?
ssss
, KEY: Bloom's: s s s s Remember
6. What is one of the three social science
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s principles s s s s of s s s s sustainability?
a. A dependence on solar energy
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. A focus on chemical cycling
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. The degradation of natural capital
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. A responsibility to future generations
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. The ability to retain biodiversity
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
7. Topsoil is an important s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s component s s s s of s s s s .
a. biodiversity
b. ecosystems
c. natural resources s s s s
d. win-win solutions ssss
e. nutrient cycling s s s s
ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
8. According to a number of environmental scientists,
ssss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s we s s s s already s s s s know s s s s how
to reuse or recycle at least
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s ssss
of the nonrenewable resources we use.
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. 80%
b. 65%
c. 50%
d. 40%
e. 25%
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
9. What are the priorities for more sustainable
ssss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s use s s s s of s s s s renewable s s s s resources, s s s s in
order?
s s s s
a. refuse, renew, reduce, and recycle s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. recycle, renew, reuse, and reduce s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. resource, recycle, renew, and reduce s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. refuse, reduce, reuse, and recycle s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. refuse, reduce, recycle, and renew s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
10. More-developed countries . s s s s s s s s
a. have a lower average income s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. use mostly renewable resources
s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. rely entirely on nonrenewable resources
sss s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. comprise 17% of the world‘s population s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. provide fewer recycling services s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember NOT: New
11. The primary difference between renewable
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s resources s s s s and s s s s nonrenewable s s s s resources
is
s s s s. s s s s
a. how easily each can be discovered
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
, b. the available amount of each resource
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. the length of time it takes for each to
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s be s s s s replenished
d. how fast each is being consumed
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. how quickly each can produce electricity
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand NOT: Modified s s s s
12. What term describes the highest rate at which a renewable
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s resource s s s s can
be used indefinitely without reducing its available supply?
s s s s s s s s s s s s ssss s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. conservation
b. sustainable yield s s s s
c. preservation
d. perpetual resource s ss s
e. degradation
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Remember
13. Which substance s s s s s s s s would s s s s be s s s s considered s s s s a s s s s renewable s s s s resource?
a. copper
b. oil
c. fresh air s s s s
d. salt
e. sand
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand NOT: Modified s s s s
14. Which substance s s s s s s s s would s s s s be s s s s considered s s s s a s s s s nonrenewable s s s s resource?
a. groundwater
b. trees in a s s s s s s s s s s s s forest
c. fertile soil ss ss
d. oil
e. crops
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand NOT: Modified s s s s
15. All nonrenewable resources can theoretically
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s be s s s s s s s s s s s s .
a. converted to nonmetallic minerals s s s s s s s s s s s s
b. converted to renewable ones s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. exhausted or depleted s s s s s s s s
d. recycled or reused s s s s s s s s
e. alive
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: 1-1 What Are Some Principles ssss ssss ssss ssss
of Sustainability? KEY: Bloom's:
ssss ssss s s s s s s s s Understand
16. Which action is is an example of reuse?
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
a. re-melting aluminum cans ssss s s s s
b. making compost out of kitchen scraps s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
c. using plastic butter tubs to store leftovers
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
d. using waste heat to warm a rooms s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
e. making paper goods from previously used paper
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
