(Chapter -9) (Biomolecules)
(Class - XI)
Question 1:
What are macromolecules? Give examples.
EAnswer 1:
Macromolecules are large complex molecules thatoccur in colloidal statein intercellular fluid. They an
formed by the polymerization of low molecular weight micromolecules. Polysaccharides,proteins, an
nucleic acids are common examples of macromolecules.
Question 2:
What is meant by tertiary structureof proteins?
EAnswer 2:
The helical polypeptide chain undergoes coiling and folding to forma complex three dimensional shap
referred to as tertiary structure of proteins. These coils and foldsare arranged to hide the non-pola
amino acid chains and to expose the polar side chains. The tertiary structure is held together by th
weak bonds formed between various parts of the polypeptide chain.
Question 3:
Find and write down structuresof 10 interesting small molecular weight biomolecules.Find if therei
any industry which manufactures the compounds by isolation. Find out who are the buyers.
EAnswer 3:
(a)
Molecule Structure
1. Adenosine
HOCH,0 Adenine
OH ÖH
2. Thymidine
IWRI
ACA MY óH OH E
3. Sucrose CH,OH
H H HO-CH, H
HO
H H,OH
ÖH H
, Maltose
6CH,OH óCH,OH
OH
H
H OH OH
Glucose Glucose
5. Lactose
CH,OH óCH,OH
1C
ÖH H
6. Ribose
OHCH, OH
H/H
OH OH
7. DNA
5
I
"0=P-0-OT
iARI
1A C 0--oM
0
Y
H
-0=p-0
H
OH 3'
(Class - XI)
Question 1:
What are macromolecules? Give examples.
EAnswer 1:
Macromolecules are large complex molecules thatoccur in colloidal statein intercellular fluid. They an
formed by the polymerization of low molecular weight micromolecules. Polysaccharides,proteins, an
nucleic acids are common examples of macromolecules.
Question 2:
What is meant by tertiary structureof proteins?
EAnswer 2:
The helical polypeptide chain undergoes coiling and folding to forma complex three dimensional shap
referred to as tertiary structure of proteins. These coils and foldsare arranged to hide the non-pola
amino acid chains and to expose the polar side chains. The tertiary structure is held together by th
weak bonds formed between various parts of the polypeptide chain.
Question 3:
Find and write down structuresof 10 interesting small molecular weight biomolecules.Find if therei
any industry which manufactures the compounds by isolation. Find out who are the buyers.
EAnswer 3:
(a)
Molecule Structure
1. Adenosine
HOCH,0 Adenine
OH ÖH
2. Thymidine
IWRI
ACA MY óH OH E
3. Sucrose CH,OH
H H HO-CH, H
HO
H H,OH
ÖH H
, Maltose
6CH,OH óCH,OH
OH
H
H OH OH
Glucose Glucose
5. Lactose
CH,OH óCH,OH
1C
ÖH H
6. Ribose
OHCH, OH
H/H
OH OH
7. DNA
5
I
"0=P-0-OT
iARI
1A C 0--oM
0
Y
H
-0=p-0
H
OH 3'
