Spanish CSET Subtest 1 EXAM comprehensive questions and verified an
swers ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE
1. Phonolgy The branch of linguistics that deals with sytems of sounds.
2. phonemes The smallest unit of sound;may cause change in meaning but does not have
meaning on its own
"bake" v. "brake"
/r/
3. morphology The study of the forms of words
4. morpheme The smallest meaningful unit of lanugage;
A series of pehnomes with special meaning;
5. free morpheme can appear on its own i.e. "eat" "water"
6. bound mor- must be attached to something else in order to make sense prefixes, suffixes or
pheme other affixes i.e s in "cats" , re in "redo" , able in "inbreakable"
7. inflectional (affix- a suffix that is added to a word to assign a grammatical function;
es in morpholo- never changes the grammtical category
gy) old-older
(adj)
8. derivational An affix that is added to a word to create a new word or form of a word ;
(morpheme) modern - modernise
nation-national
9. Lexicon the vocabulary of a language
10. lexemes a set of words that would be included under one entry in the dctionary
11. Syntax a set of rules for constructing full sentences out of words phrases;
word order changes meaning
, Spanish CSET Subtest 1 EXAM comprehensive questions and verified an
swers ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE
12. semantics the literal meaning of words, sentences and phrases
13. pragmatics the study of the use of language; deals with intentions behing utterances
14. productive rule the amount a native speaker uses a particular grammatical or syntactical process
of language esp in word formation; a rule that works for more than 2 words; the limitless ability
to use lanuage to say new things;
when we make new words we pply more productive rules i.e. adding -ed to word
ending
15. unniversal gram- a linguistic theory which argues that the ability to learn language is innate,
mar distinctly human and distinct from other aspects of human cognition; that languge
is hard wired into the brain
Noam Chomsky
16. descriptive a set of rules about language based on how it is actually used; there is no right
grammar or wrong language; "he goes" means "he said"
represents the unconscious knowledge of language
17. prescriptive the structure of lanuage as it should be used; grammtically correct
grammar
18. surface v. deep refers to the different levels that information goes through in language produc-
structure tion.
19. deep structure the information that exists in the mind of the speaker as more or less an abstract
(language) representation
20. surface structure expressing information linguistically by producing sentences/utterances
(laguage)
21. linguistic rules must be learned to get from deep structure to suface structure language
, Spanish CSET Subtest 1 EXAM comprehensive questions and verified an
swers ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE
22. language devel- a process starting early in life, infants start without language yet by 10 months
opment they can distinguish speech sounds and engage in babbling.
23. receptive (in lan- understanding what is said to you;comprehension
guage dev)
24. expressive ( Lang the ability to use vocabulary to put together senteces to epress yourself
Dev.)
25. classification of classified according to different features such as the way they use sounds, types
languages of morphology, and word order.
26. family and group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, then
branches further divided.
27. perspectives on synchronic and diachronic
the study of lan-
guage
28. synchronic looks at how a lanuage system works at a point in time
29. diachronic looks at how a language has changed over a period of time
30. language change variation in language over time
31. different types of phonetic-sounds, morphological-words, semantic-meaning, syntactic-set of
change that lan- rules, lexical- word bank
guage undergo
at all levels
32. mechanism by umulaut, phonological change, phonemic merger, phonemic split, borrowing,
which languge euphemism, folk etymologies, metaphors, taboos,
occurs
swers ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE
1. Phonolgy The branch of linguistics that deals with sytems of sounds.
2. phonemes The smallest unit of sound;may cause change in meaning but does not have
meaning on its own
"bake" v. "brake"
/r/
3. morphology The study of the forms of words
4. morpheme The smallest meaningful unit of lanugage;
A series of pehnomes with special meaning;
5. free morpheme can appear on its own i.e. "eat" "water"
6. bound mor- must be attached to something else in order to make sense prefixes, suffixes or
pheme other affixes i.e s in "cats" , re in "redo" , able in "inbreakable"
7. inflectional (affix- a suffix that is added to a word to assign a grammatical function;
es in morpholo- never changes the grammtical category
gy) old-older
(adj)
8. derivational An affix that is added to a word to create a new word or form of a word ;
(morpheme) modern - modernise
nation-national
9. Lexicon the vocabulary of a language
10. lexemes a set of words that would be included under one entry in the dctionary
11. Syntax a set of rules for constructing full sentences out of words phrases;
word order changes meaning
, Spanish CSET Subtest 1 EXAM comprehensive questions and verified an
swers ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE
12. semantics the literal meaning of words, sentences and phrases
13. pragmatics the study of the use of language; deals with intentions behing utterances
14. productive rule the amount a native speaker uses a particular grammatical or syntactical process
of language esp in word formation; a rule that works for more than 2 words; the limitless ability
to use lanuage to say new things;
when we make new words we pply more productive rules i.e. adding -ed to word
ending
15. unniversal gram- a linguistic theory which argues that the ability to learn language is innate,
mar distinctly human and distinct from other aspects of human cognition; that languge
is hard wired into the brain
Noam Chomsky
16. descriptive a set of rules about language based on how it is actually used; there is no right
grammar or wrong language; "he goes" means "he said"
represents the unconscious knowledge of language
17. prescriptive the structure of lanuage as it should be used; grammtically correct
grammar
18. surface v. deep refers to the different levels that information goes through in language produc-
structure tion.
19. deep structure the information that exists in the mind of the speaker as more or less an abstract
(language) representation
20. surface structure expressing information linguistically by producing sentences/utterances
(laguage)
21. linguistic rules must be learned to get from deep structure to suface structure language
, Spanish CSET Subtest 1 EXAM comprehensive questions and verified an
swers ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE
22. language devel- a process starting early in life, infants start without language yet by 10 months
opment they can distinguish speech sounds and engage in babbling.
23. receptive (in lan- understanding what is said to you;comprehension
guage dev)
24. expressive ( Lang the ability to use vocabulary to put together senteces to epress yourself
Dev.)
25. classification of classified according to different features such as the way they use sounds, types
languages of morphology, and word order.
26. family and group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, then
branches further divided.
27. perspectives on synchronic and diachronic
the study of lan-
guage
28. synchronic looks at how a lanuage system works at a point in time
29. diachronic looks at how a language has changed over a period of time
30. language change variation in language over time
31. different types of phonetic-sounds, morphological-words, semantic-meaning, syntactic-set of
change that lan- rules, lexical- word bank
guage undergo
at all levels
32. mechanism by umulaut, phonological change, phonemic merger, phonemic split, borrowing,
which languge euphemism, folk etymologies, metaphors, taboos,
occurs
