PN VATI NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A ||nurse ||is ||reinforcing ||teaching ||with ||the ||parent ||of ||a ||child ||who ||has ||a ||bacterial ||upper ||
respiratory ||infection. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||statements ||by ||the ||parent ||indicates ||an ||
understanding ||of ||the ||teaching?
A. ||"I ||will ||force ||my ||child ||to ||drink ||fluids ||when ||they ||have ||a ||fever."
B. ||"I ||will ||use ||a ||dehumidifier ||in ||my ||child's ||room."
C. ||"I ||will ||keep ||my ||child's ||towels ||separate ||from ||those ||of ||the ||rest ||of ||the ||family."
D. ||"I ||will ||make ||sure ||my ||child ||eats ||three ||meals ||a ||day, ||even ||though ||their ||appetite ||is ||not
||good ||right ||now."
ANSWER: ||C. ||"I ||will ||keep ||my ||child's ||towels ||separate ||from ||those ||of ||the ||rest ||of ||the ||
family."
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||identify ||that ||a ||child ||who ||has ||an ||upper ||respiratory ||infection
||should ||use ||separate ||towels, ||utensils, ||and ||cups ||to ||prevent ||the ||infection ||from ||spreading.
A ||nurse ||is ||collecting ||data ||from ||a ||child ||who ||recently ||experienced ||a ||psychomotor ||seizure.
||Which ||of ||the ||following ||findings ||should ||the ||nurse ||expect?
A. ||Hyperactivity
B. ||Nystagmus
C. ||Apnea
D. ||Amnesia
ANSWER: ||D. ||Amnesia.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||identify ||that ||amnesia ||is ||an ||expected ||manifestation ||after ||a ||
seizure. ||Children ||often ||do ||not ||remember ||the ||seizure ||activity.
A ||nurse ||is ||collecting ||data ||from ||a ||7-year-old ||child. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||findings ||
indicates ||a ||developmental ||delay?
A. ||Unable ||to ||verbalize ||the ||date
B. ||Unable ||to ||count ||backwards ||from ||20 ||to ||1
C. ||Unable ||to ||make ||change ||out ||of ||a ||quarter
D. ||Unable ||to ||tell ||the ||difference ||between ||right ||and ||left
,ANSWER: ||D. ||Unable ||to ||tell ||the ||difference ||between ||right ||and ||left.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||recognize ||that ||a ||child ||should ||know ||the ||difference ||between ||
right ||and ||left ||by ||6 ||years ||of ||age.
A ||nurse ||is ||contributing ||to ||the ||plan ||of ||care ||for ||a ||preschooler ||who ||has ||moderate ||partial-
thickness ||burns ||on ||both ||lower ||extremities. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||interventions ||should ||
the ||nurse ||recommend?
A. ||Maintain ||clean ||technique ||during ||the ||child's ||dressing ||change
B. ||Provide ||low-calorie ||snacks ||for ||the ||child ||three ||to ||four ||times ||each ||day ||between ||meals
C. ||Allow ||the ||child ||to ||set ||their ||own ||daily ||schedule ||for ||wound ||care
D. ||Ensure ||the ||child ||receives ||pain ||medication ||30 ||to ||45 ||min ||prior ||to ||therapy.-
ANSWER: ||D. ||Ensure ||the ||child ||receives ||pain ||medication ||30 ||to ||45 ||min ||prior ||to ||therapy.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||ensure ||that ||the ||preschooler ||receives ||pain ||medication ||30 ||to ||
45 ||min ||prior ||to ||physical ||therapy ||sessions. ||The ||nurse ||should ||monitor ||the ||child's ||pain ||
levels ||and ||treat ||them ||as ||needed. ||This ||will ||minimize ||or ||eliminate ||pain ||from ||moving ||tight
||skin ||at ||joints, ||which ||will ||encourage ||the ||child ||to ||participate ||in ||physical ||therapy. ||If ||the ||
child ||is ||in ||pain ||during ||therapy, ||it ||will ||be ||a ||challenge ||to ||get ||the ||child ||to ||participate ||in ||
future ||sessions.
A ||nurse ||is ||contributing ||to ||the ||plan ||of ||care ||for ||a ||child ||who ||has ||nephrotic ||syndrome ||and
||a ||prescription ||for ||corticosteroids. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||interventions ||should ||the ||nurse
||recommend?
A. ||Provide ||a ||low-sodium ||diet
B. ||Encourage ||increased ||fluid ||intake
C. ||Obtain ||urine ||ketone ||levels ||weekly
D. ||Administer ||pancreatic ||enzymes ||with ||meal
ANSWER: ||A. ||Provide ||a ||low-sodium ||diet.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||recommend ||providing ||the ||child ||with ||a ||low-sodium ||diet ||to ||
decrease ||edema ||associated ||with ||nephrotic ||syndrome.
A ||nurse ||is ||reinforcing ||teaching ||with ||an ||adolescent ||client ||who ||has ||a ||prescription ||for ||
lisinopril. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||foods ||should ||the ||nurse ||instruct ||the ||client ||to ||avoid?
A. ||Foods ||high ||in ||fiber
B. ||High-potassium ||foods
, C. ||Foods ||high ||in ||Vitamin ||K
D. ||Dairy ||products
ANSWER: ||B. ||High-potassium ||foods.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||identify ||that ||lisinopril, ||an ||ACE ||inhibitor, ||can ||result ||in ||
hyperKalemia. ||Therefore, ||
the ||nurse ||should ||instruct ||the ||client ||to ||avoid ||foods ||high ||in ||potassium, ||which ||can ||
increase ||the ||risk ||of ||hyperKalemia ||and ||lead ||to ||cardiac ||dysrhythmias.
A ||nurse ||is ||contributing ||to ||a ||plan ||of ||care ||for ||a ||24-month-old ||toddler. ||Which ||of ||the ||
following ||actions ||should ||the ||nurse ||take?
A. ||Allowing ||the ||toddler ||to ||button ||up ||their ||own ||shirt
B. ||Asking ||the ||toddler ||questions ||that ||have ||"yes" ||or ||"no" ||answers
C. ||Providing ||the ||toddler ||with ||opportunities ||to ||share ||toys ||with ||others
D. ||Making ||sure ||the ||toddler ||has ||at ||least ||one ||nap ||during ||the ||day
ANSWER: ||D. ||Making ||sure ||the ||toddler ||has ||at ||least ||one ||nap ||during ||the ||day.
Rationale: ||Toddlers ||generally ||require ||at ||least ||one ||nap ||per ||day ||because ||of ||their ||high ||
activity ||levels. ||At ||approximately ||3 ||years ||of ||age, ||children ||have ||established ||a ||sleep ||pattern
||similar ||to ||that ||of ||an ||adult.
A ||nurse ||is ||caring ||for ||an ||adolescent ||client ||who ||has ||a ||terminal ||illness. ||Which ||of ||the ||
following ||statements ||should ||the ||nurse ||make ||to ||the ||parent?
A. ||"I ||will ||administer ||pain ||medication ||on ||a ||schedule."
B. ||"I ||will ||limit ||visits ||from ||siblings ||who ||are ||under ||the ||age ||of ||18."
C. ||"You ||should ||go ||home ||when ||your ||child ||needs ||to ||rest."
D. ||"You ||should ||allow ||your ||child ||to ||die ||at ||home."
ANSWER: ||A. ||"I ||will ||administer ||pain ||medication ||on ||a ||schedule." ||
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||inform ||the ||parents ||that ||pain ||medication ||will ||be ||
administered ||on ||a ||schedule ||to ||promote ||pain ||control.
A ||nurse ||is ||collecting ||data ||from ||a ||1-month-old ||infant ||who ||has ||just ||undergone ||a ||hernia ||
repair. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||findings ||should ||the ||nurse ||report ||to ||the ||provider?
A. ||Axillary ||temperature ||37.4°C ||(99.3°F)
B. ||Apical ||pulse ||155/min
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A ||nurse ||is ||reinforcing ||teaching ||with ||the ||parent ||of ||a ||child ||who ||has ||a ||bacterial ||upper ||
respiratory ||infection. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||statements ||by ||the ||parent ||indicates ||an ||
understanding ||of ||the ||teaching?
A. ||"I ||will ||force ||my ||child ||to ||drink ||fluids ||when ||they ||have ||a ||fever."
B. ||"I ||will ||use ||a ||dehumidifier ||in ||my ||child's ||room."
C. ||"I ||will ||keep ||my ||child's ||towels ||separate ||from ||those ||of ||the ||rest ||of ||the ||family."
D. ||"I ||will ||make ||sure ||my ||child ||eats ||three ||meals ||a ||day, ||even ||though ||their ||appetite ||is ||not
||good ||right ||now."
ANSWER: ||C. ||"I ||will ||keep ||my ||child's ||towels ||separate ||from ||those ||of ||the ||rest ||of ||the ||
family."
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||identify ||that ||a ||child ||who ||has ||an ||upper ||respiratory ||infection
||should ||use ||separate ||towels, ||utensils, ||and ||cups ||to ||prevent ||the ||infection ||from ||spreading.
A ||nurse ||is ||collecting ||data ||from ||a ||child ||who ||recently ||experienced ||a ||psychomotor ||seizure.
||Which ||of ||the ||following ||findings ||should ||the ||nurse ||expect?
A. ||Hyperactivity
B. ||Nystagmus
C. ||Apnea
D. ||Amnesia
ANSWER: ||D. ||Amnesia.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||identify ||that ||amnesia ||is ||an ||expected ||manifestation ||after ||a ||
seizure. ||Children ||often ||do ||not ||remember ||the ||seizure ||activity.
A ||nurse ||is ||collecting ||data ||from ||a ||7-year-old ||child. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||findings ||
indicates ||a ||developmental ||delay?
A. ||Unable ||to ||verbalize ||the ||date
B. ||Unable ||to ||count ||backwards ||from ||20 ||to ||1
C. ||Unable ||to ||make ||change ||out ||of ||a ||quarter
D. ||Unable ||to ||tell ||the ||difference ||between ||right ||and ||left
,ANSWER: ||D. ||Unable ||to ||tell ||the ||difference ||between ||right ||and ||left.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||recognize ||that ||a ||child ||should ||know ||the ||difference ||between ||
right ||and ||left ||by ||6 ||years ||of ||age.
A ||nurse ||is ||contributing ||to ||the ||plan ||of ||care ||for ||a ||preschooler ||who ||has ||moderate ||partial-
thickness ||burns ||on ||both ||lower ||extremities. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||interventions ||should ||
the ||nurse ||recommend?
A. ||Maintain ||clean ||technique ||during ||the ||child's ||dressing ||change
B. ||Provide ||low-calorie ||snacks ||for ||the ||child ||three ||to ||four ||times ||each ||day ||between ||meals
C. ||Allow ||the ||child ||to ||set ||their ||own ||daily ||schedule ||for ||wound ||care
D. ||Ensure ||the ||child ||receives ||pain ||medication ||30 ||to ||45 ||min ||prior ||to ||therapy.-
ANSWER: ||D. ||Ensure ||the ||child ||receives ||pain ||medication ||30 ||to ||45 ||min ||prior ||to ||therapy.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||ensure ||that ||the ||preschooler ||receives ||pain ||medication ||30 ||to ||
45 ||min ||prior ||to ||physical ||therapy ||sessions. ||The ||nurse ||should ||monitor ||the ||child's ||pain ||
levels ||and ||treat ||them ||as ||needed. ||This ||will ||minimize ||or ||eliminate ||pain ||from ||moving ||tight
||skin ||at ||joints, ||which ||will ||encourage ||the ||child ||to ||participate ||in ||physical ||therapy. ||If ||the ||
child ||is ||in ||pain ||during ||therapy, ||it ||will ||be ||a ||challenge ||to ||get ||the ||child ||to ||participate ||in ||
future ||sessions.
A ||nurse ||is ||contributing ||to ||the ||plan ||of ||care ||for ||a ||child ||who ||has ||nephrotic ||syndrome ||and
||a ||prescription ||for ||corticosteroids. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||interventions ||should ||the ||nurse
||recommend?
A. ||Provide ||a ||low-sodium ||diet
B. ||Encourage ||increased ||fluid ||intake
C. ||Obtain ||urine ||ketone ||levels ||weekly
D. ||Administer ||pancreatic ||enzymes ||with ||meal
ANSWER: ||A. ||Provide ||a ||low-sodium ||diet.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||recommend ||providing ||the ||child ||with ||a ||low-sodium ||diet ||to ||
decrease ||edema ||associated ||with ||nephrotic ||syndrome.
A ||nurse ||is ||reinforcing ||teaching ||with ||an ||adolescent ||client ||who ||has ||a ||prescription ||for ||
lisinopril. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||foods ||should ||the ||nurse ||instruct ||the ||client ||to ||avoid?
A. ||Foods ||high ||in ||fiber
B. ||High-potassium ||foods
, C. ||Foods ||high ||in ||Vitamin ||K
D. ||Dairy ||products
ANSWER: ||B. ||High-potassium ||foods.
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||identify ||that ||lisinopril, ||an ||ACE ||inhibitor, ||can ||result ||in ||
hyperKalemia. ||Therefore, ||
the ||nurse ||should ||instruct ||the ||client ||to ||avoid ||foods ||high ||in ||potassium, ||which ||can ||
increase ||the ||risk ||of ||hyperKalemia ||and ||lead ||to ||cardiac ||dysrhythmias.
A ||nurse ||is ||contributing ||to ||a ||plan ||of ||care ||for ||a ||24-month-old ||toddler. ||Which ||of ||the ||
following ||actions ||should ||the ||nurse ||take?
A. ||Allowing ||the ||toddler ||to ||button ||up ||their ||own ||shirt
B. ||Asking ||the ||toddler ||questions ||that ||have ||"yes" ||or ||"no" ||answers
C. ||Providing ||the ||toddler ||with ||opportunities ||to ||share ||toys ||with ||others
D. ||Making ||sure ||the ||toddler ||has ||at ||least ||one ||nap ||during ||the ||day
ANSWER: ||D. ||Making ||sure ||the ||toddler ||has ||at ||least ||one ||nap ||during ||the ||day.
Rationale: ||Toddlers ||generally ||require ||at ||least ||one ||nap ||per ||day ||because ||of ||their ||high ||
activity ||levels. ||At ||approximately ||3 ||years ||of ||age, ||children ||have ||established ||a ||sleep ||pattern
||similar ||to ||that ||of ||an ||adult.
A ||nurse ||is ||caring ||for ||an ||adolescent ||client ||who ||has ||a ||terminal ||illness. ||Which ||of ||the ||
following ||statements ||should ||the ||nurse ||make ||to ||the ||parent?
A. ||"I ||will ||administer ||pain ||medication ||on ||a ||schedule."
B. ||"I ||will ||limit ||visits ||from ||siblings ||who ||are ||under ||the ||age ||of ||18."
C. ||"You ||should ||go ||home ||when ||your ||child ||needs ||to ||rest."
D. ||"You ||should ||allow ||your ||child ||to ||die ||at ||home."
ANSWER: ||A. ||"I ||will ||administer ||pain ||medication ||on ||a ||schedule." ||
Rationale: ||The ||nurse ||should ||inform ||the ||parents ||that ||pain ||medication ||will ||be ||
administered ||on ||a ||schedule ||to ||promote ||pain ||control.
A ||nurse ||is ||collecting ||data ||from ||a ||1-month-old ||infant ||who ||has ||just ||undergone ||a ||hernia ||
repair. ||Which ||of ||the ||following ||findings ||should ||the ||nurse ||report ||to ||the ||provider?
A. ||Axillary ||temperature ||37.4°C ||(99.3°F)
B. ||Apical ||pulse ||155/min
