Fundamentals of nutrition - exam 1
Questions with Correct Answers
In addition to food and drink, what is another source of water for the body? -
ANSWERSAnother source of water is the metabolism - water is a byproduct
Which nutrients are classified as macronutrients? - ANSWERSFats, Protein,
Carbohydrates and water
Which nutrients are classified as micronutrients? - ANSWERSVitamins and minerals
What is the main difference between macronutrients and micronutrients? -
ANSWERSMacronutrients are needed in large amounts while micronutrients are neeed
in smaller amounts.
Which nutrients are "energy yielding" nutrients? What does "energy yielding" mean? -
ANSWERSCarbohydrates, fats and protein are energy yielding. This means that these
nutrients provide the body with energy to move and preform its functions.
The energy-yielding nutrients are primarily made up of which elements? -
ANSWERSCarbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. Protein is the only one that contains
Nitrogen.
What are the 2 major types of carbs - ANSWERSsimple and complex
Monosaccharides. give examples - ANSWERSone sugar molecule (SIMPLE CARB) -
glucose, fructose, galactose
Disaccharides - ANSWERStwo sugar molecules (SIMPLE CARB) - maltose, sucrose
and lactose
Polysaccharides. what are the 2 groups? give examples. - ANSWERSmultiple sugar
molecules (COMPLEX CARB)
digestible and indigestible
starches and fiber
What are the main functions of digestible carbohydrates? - ANSWERSprovide energy
prevent the usage of protein for energy
prevent ketosis.
What are the main functions of indigestible carbohydrates? - ANSWERSpromote bowel
health
reduce risk of obesity
, help control blood glucose
reduce cholesterol absorption.
What is the major form of fat in food and source of energy for the body? -
ANSWERStriglycerides.
saturated fat - ANSWERSsolid at room temp
found in animal sources
raises cholesterol levels
can lead to cardiovascular disease
Unsaturated fat. what sources provide it? - ANSWERShas one double bond
liquid at room temp
found mainly in plant sources
healthier than saturated fats
identify food sources of saturated fatty acids (both plant and animal). -
ANSWERSAnimal sources - beef, pork, lamb, butter
Plant sources - coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil
essential nutrient - ANSWERSa nutrient that cannot be made in the body and needs to
be consumed
what are the two main types of essential fatty acids - ANSWERSALPHA-LINOLENIC
ACID and LINOLEIC
HYDROGENATION - ANSWERSprocess that creates trans fats by adding hydrogen to
carbon chains of unsaturated fats.
What are the main functions of triglycerides in the body? - ANSWERSproviding energy
insulating and cushioning organs
helping the body transport nutrients.
what are the 2 ways amino acids are supplied to the body. - ANSWERSconsuming
foods that contain protein
and by cell synthesis.
Complete proteins. where are they found? - ANSWERScontain all essential amino
acids. Found in animal protein-except gelatin
Incomplete proteins. where are they found? - ANSWERSDON'T contain all essential
amino acids. Found in plant proteins - except quinoa and soy.
What are the main functions of protein in the body? - ANSWERSenforce structure/make
up components of the body (bone, muscles)
also makes up blood, cell membranes, enzymes, and immune factors.
Questions with Correct Answers
In addition to food and drink, what is another source of water for the body? -
ANSWERSAnother source of water is the metabolism - water is a byproduct
Which nutrients are classified as macronutrients? - ANSWERSFats, Protein,
Carbohydrates and water
Which nutrients are classified as micronutrients? - ANSWERSVitamins and minerals
What is the main difference between macronutrients and micronutrients? -
ANSWERSMacronutrients are needed in large amounts while micronutrients are neeed
in smaller amounts.
Which nutrients are "energy yielding" nutrients? What does "energy yielding" mean? -
ANSWERSCarbohydrates, fats and protein are energy yielding. This means that these
nutrients provide the body with energy to move and preform its functions.
The energy-yielding nutrients are primarily made up of which elements? -
ANSWERSCarbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. Protein is the only one that contains
Nitrogen.
What are the 2 major types of carbs - ANSWERSsimple and complex
Monosaccharides. give examples - ANSWERSone sugar molecule (SIMPLE CARB) -
glucose, fructose, galactose
Disaccharides - ANSWERStwo sugar molecules (SIMPLE CARB) - maltose, sucrose
and lactose
Polysaccharides. what are the 2 groups? give examples. - ANSWERSmultiple sugar
molecules (COMPLEX CARB)
digestible and indigestible
starches and fiber
What are the main functions of digestible carbohydrates? - ANSWERSprovide energy
prevent the usage of protein for energy
prevent ketosis.
What are the main functions of indigestible carbohydrates? - ANSWERSpromote bowel
health
reduce risk of obesity
, help control blood glucose
reduce cholesterol absorption.
What is the major form of fat in food and source of energy for the body? -
ANSWERStriglycerides.
saturated fat - ANSWERSsolid at room temp
found in animal sources
raises cholesterol levels
can lead to cardiovascular disease
Unsaturated fat. what sources provide it? - ANSWERShas one double bond
liquid at room temp
found mainly in plant sources
healthier than saturated fats
identify food sources of saturated fatty acids (both plant and animal). -
ANSWERSAnimal sources - beef, pork, lamb, butter
Plant sources - coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil
essential nutrient - ANSWERSa nutrient that cannot be made in the body and needs to
be consumed
what are the two main types of essential fatty acids - ANSWERSALPHA-LINOLENIC
ACID and LINOLEIC
HYDROGENATION - ANSWERSprocess that creates trans fats by adding hydrogen to
carbon chains of unsaturated fats.
What are the main functions of triglycerides in the body? - ANSWERSproviding energy
insulating and cushioning organs
helping the body transport nutrients.
what are the 2 ways amino acids are supplied to the body. - ANSWERSconsuming
foods that contain protein
and by cell synthesis.
Complete proteins. where are they found? - ANSWERScontain all essential amino
acids. Found in animal protein-except gelatin
Incomplete proteins. where are they found? - ANSWERSDON'T contain all essential
amino acids. Found in plant proteins - except quinoa and soy.
What are the main functions of protein in the body? - ANSWERSenforce structure/make
up components of the body (bone, muscles)
also makes up blood, cell membranes, enzymes, and immune factors.
