NBME CBSE REAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST 2025-2026 COMPLETE EXAM
(usmle step 1)MEDICAL
EXAMINATION.ALREADY GRADED A+
What is associated with ostium primum heart defects?-
ANSWER-Down's syndrome
What heart murmur results from acute rheumatic fever
vs chronic rheumatic heart disease?-ANSWER-Acute:
mitral regurg; chronic: mitral stenosis, possibly aortic
stenosis
Which endocarditis causes vegetations on both sides of
the mitral vs only one side?-ANSWER-Libman–Sacks
causes vegetations onboth sides; marantic endocarditis
on one side
1|Page
,What type of cardiomyopathy is associated with
pregnancy?-ANSWER-DCM
What is a common cause of pneumonia superimposed on
COPD?-ANSWER-H. flu, Moraxella catarrhalis, Legionella
What condition increases the risk of necrotizing
enterocolitis in a neonate?-ANSWER-Neonatal
respiratory distress syndrome
What is the most common lung tumor in male smoker?
Female smoker? Nonsmoker?-ANSWER-Male =
squamous, female = adenocarcinoma, nonsmoker=
adenocarcinoma
What cell does bronchioalveolar carcinoma arise from?-
ANSWER-Clara cell
What is the most common tumor of the lung?-ANSWER-
Metastasis
2|Page
,Who gets allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and
what are the symptoms?-ANSWER-CF or asthmatic with
bronchiectasis; have cough, dyspnea, and foul smelling
sputum
What is the CD4/CD8 ratio in hypersensitivity
pneumonitis? What type of hypersensitivity is it?-
ANSWER-Low; type III/IV
What patients get hypersensitivity pneumonitis? What is
the long term effect of exposure?-ANSWER-Farmers,
people who work with birds; granulomas with
eosinophils leading to pulmonary fibrosis
What is dysplastic kidney and how is it inherited?-
ANSWER-Cartilage, cysts in kidney; not inhertiable
What is the BUN/creatinine ratio in prerenal, intrinsic,
and postrenla failure?-ANSWER-Prerenal it is >20,
intrinsic is 10–15, postrenal is >20 initially and then <15
in long standing damage
3|Page
, What type of nephrotic syndrome develops in sickle cell
patients?-ANSWER-FSGS
What cell produces erythropoietin?-ANSWER-Renal
peritubular interstitial cells
What cell creates 1,25 vitamin D?-ANSWER-Proximal
tubule
What type of transitional cell carcinoma has early p53
mutations?-ANSWER-Flat pathway (not papillary)
Where does cervical cancer spread to first?-ANSWER-
Spreads locally; invades bladder and results in
hydronephrosis
What type of acid/base imbalance is present in
pulmonary embolism? Why does this happen?-ANSWER-
Respiratory alkalosis; irritation of lung stimulates the J
receptor, which increases breathing rate
4|Page
ANSWERS LATEST 2025-2026 COMPLETE EXAM
(usmle step 1)MEDICAL
EXAMINATION.ALREADY GRADED A+
What is associated with ostium primum heart defects?-
ANSWER-Down's syndrome
What heart murmur results from acute rheumatic fever
vs chronic rheumatic heart disease?-ANSWER-Acute:
mitral regurg; chronic: mitral stenosis, possibly aortic
stenosis
Which endocarditis causes vegetations on both sides of
the mitral vs only one side?-ANSWER-Libman–Sacks
causes vegetations onboth sides; marantic endocarditis
on one side
1|Page
,What type of cardiomyopathy is associated with
pregnancy?-ANSWER-DCM
What is a common cause of pneumonia superimposed on
COPD?-ANSWER-H. flu, Moraxella catarrhalis, Legionella
What condition increases the risk of necrotizing
enterocolitis in a neonate?-ANSWER-Neonatal
respiratory distress syndrome
What is the most common lung tumor in male smoker?
Female smoker? Nonsmoker?-ANSWER-Male =
squamous, female = adenocarcinoma, nonsmoker=
adenocarcinoma
What cell does bronchioalveolar carcinoma arise from?-
ANSWER-Clara cell
What is the most common tumor of the lung?-ANSWER-
Metastasis
2|Page
,Who gets allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and
what are the symptoms?-ANSWER-CF or asthmatic with
bronchiectasis; have cough, dyspnea, and foul smelling
sputum
What is the CD4/CD8 ratio in hypersensitivity
pneumonitis? What type of hypersensitivity is it?-
ANSWER-Low; type III/IV
What patients get hypersensitivity pneumonitis? What is
the long term effect of exposure?-ANSWER-Farmers,
people who work with birds; granulomas with
eosinophils leading to pulmonary fibrosis
What is dysplastic kidney and how is it inherited?-
ANSWER-Cartilage, cysts in kidney; not inhertiable
What is the BUN/creatinine ratio in prerenal, intrinsic,
and postrenla failure?-ANSWER-Prerenal it is >20,
intrinsic is 10–15, postrenal is >20 initially and then <15
in long standing damage
3|Page
, What type of nephrotic syndrome develops in sickle cell
patients?-ANSWER-FSGS
What cell produces erythropoietin?-ANSWER-Renal
peritubular interstitial cells
What cell creates 1,25 vitamin D?-ANSWER-Proximal
tubule
What type of transitional cell carcinoma has early p53
mutations?-ANSWER-Flat pathway (not papillary)
Where does cervical cancer spread to first?-ANSWER-
Spreads locally; invades bladder and results in
hydronephrosis
What type of acid/base imbalance is present in
pulmonary embolism? Why does this happen?-ANSWER-
Respiratory alkalosis; irritation of lung stimulates the J
receptor, which increases breathing rate
4|Page
